Hi brandsen,
Thank you for posting in the Q&A Forums.
This is because the 2019 version of Windows Server does not directly support this feature. The character limit for passwords can only be set indirectly through other settings.
As you said, this can be done by using a fine-grained password policy. This allows you to set different password policies for specific user groups or users, including longer minimum password length requirements. In this way, you can set a shorter default password minimum length in the domain and then force certain users or user groups to use longer passwords through a fine-grained password policy.
As far as I know, there doesn't seem to be any other way to set password character limits in Windows Server 2019. So you either need to set up a Departmental Granularity Password Policy or upgrade your server.
Best regards
Neuvi Jiang