Not possible in 365.
That command only applies with Edge Servers
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/exchange/set-addressrewriteentry?view=exchange-ps
This cmdlet is available or effective only on Edge Transport servers in on-premises Exchange.
365 will rewrite forwarded messages in the following scenarios:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office365/troubleshoot/antispam/sender-rewriting-scheme
But its not something you can control . Atlassian should send those messages from a legitimate domain with a mx record.