Tax payments in Brazil

This article provides information about tax payments in Brazil. In Brazil, users can register and post tax payments together with related fiscal information that must be reported to the tax authorities.

Overview

Every type of tax in Brazil has its own process, due date, and additional tax statement information that is required by the tax authorities. The Fiscal books module generates the Sistema Publico de Escrituração Digital (SPED) statements that are required for taxes. The tax payment process is separated by tax types: ICMS, ICMS-ST, ICMS-DIF, IPI, ISS, and PIS-COFINS.

• ICMS, ICMS-ST, and ICMS-DIF are state taxes that are related to merchandise movement.
• ISS is a city tax that is charged by the city.
• IPI is a production tax that is charged by the federal government. The federal government is also responsible for the PIS and COFINS taxes that are applied to products.

The difference between the tax amount that is collected on sales of goods and the ICMS tax amount that is paid on purchases of goods is calculated. If the net amount is a tax liability, a vendor invoice journal entry can be created. Then the amount of tax that is owed to the tax authority is paid. To pay the taxes, a related tax assessment is created. The tax assessment collects information from the transactions for the correct time frame, as required by the tax. On the Tax assessment page, you select the tax to work with. On the Tax payment page, you generate the related tax payment. Depending on the collection requirement, there are two ways to create the tax payment:

• Create from assessment – Collect and pay tax monthly, in accordance with the rules that are established by the tax authority.
• Other debits – Collect and pay a specific tax amount outside the regular process when the tax authority requires the payment.

Overview

Field	Description
Payment type	Select one of the following options: Periodic – Create a monthly periodic payment (regular). All tax transactions that are generated from fiscal documents, and all transaction adjustments (general or by fiscal document) where the special debit configuration of adjustment isn't marked, are summarized to generate the periodic payment. Other debits – Make a specific payment of ICMS outside the regular process, because the payment is required by law. Examples include differential of % ICMS and Import goods. All adjustment transactions that are marked as Other debit payment in the configuration are summarized to generate a payment.
Date	The payment date.
ICMS to pay code	The ICMS to pay code that the tax authorities require. This field is available only for ICMS, ICMS-ST, and ICMS-DIF taxes. The following options are available: 000: ICMS to collect 003: Anticipation of Aliquot differential 004: Anticipation of Import goods 005: Anticipate tax 006: Anticipation of additional ICMS 090: Other obligations
Receita code	The classification of the payment, as defined by the state tax authorities. The program must offer the latest receita code that is used in the previous transactions. Receita codes vary, depending on the payment type. If you select Other debits as the payment type, the receita code is entered automatically from the adjustment transactions, provided that the adjustment transactions have a default receita code.
Due date	The due date of the payment. If the Terms of payment field is blank, you must enter a value in this field. Otherwise, the value is set to the due date that is generated based on terms of payment. After ledger integration is activated, the due date in the ledger transaction will be entered.
Sales tax amount	The total amount of ICMS to pay. The amount is calculated based on the payment type.
Interest amount	The amount of interest in the event of late payments.
Fine amount	The amount of fines in the event of late payments.
Amount	The sum of the sales tax amount, interest amount, and fine amount.
Reference month	The reference month for this ICMS tax payment, such as 012017.
Voucher	The voucher number. This number is automatically assigned when the payment is posted and the ledger integration is activated.

General

Field	Description
Description	Enter a description for the sales tax payments.
Authority	Select the tax authority where the tax assessment is created. The sales tax authority defines a vendor account number that is used to transfer sales tax payments to the vendor that makes the payment.
Terms of payment	The terms of payment that are used to determine the due date of a sales tax payment. The terms of payment that you select here will be used for the vendor invoice.
Company	The legal entity where the tax payment transaction will be posted if ledger integration is activated.
Reversed	A selected option indicates that the tax payment was reversed.
Trace number	The trace number for the reversed payment.
Referenced process number	The referenced process number.
Agency	The agency that the referenced process belongs to.
Description	The description of the referenced process.

Tax payments

The following tax payments can be made on the Tax payment page (Fiscal books > Common > Booking period > Assessment):

• ICMS or ICMS-ST tax assessment
• IPI tax payment
• ICMS-DIF tax payment
• ISS tax payment
• PIS and COFINS tax payment – One payment is made for PIS tax, and another payment is made for COFINS tax. The type of PIS and COFINS regime is shown in the Overview section of the tax payment. A payment can be related to the cumulative regime, the non-cumulative regime, or both regimes.

Reversing tax payments

You can reverse the transaction for a tax payment that has been posted by selecting the tax payment and clicking Transaction. The transaction reversal process reverses the original transaction and all related transactions that were created when the original transaction was posted. The number sequence for the transaction reversal and trace number references in the number sequences must be configured to allow for the registration of reversals. Existing tax payments can be reversed under the following conditions:

• Ledger integration with Fiscal books is activated on the Ledger integration page.
• The liability that is generated when the tax payment was posted is still in open. Additionally, the current balance in the vendor account of the tax authority must be greater than or less than 0.00

When a tax payment is reversed, the status of the original transaction is set to Reverse, and the related sequence number is entered in the Trace number field.

Deleting tax payments

You can delete tax payments if the voucher number wasn't blank when the payment transaction was posted.

For more information, see the following topics:

• Set up interest and fines for vendor payments
• Calculate interest and fines on vendor payments
• Set up interest and fines on customer payments
• Calculate interest and fines on customer payments