Ändern eines Office Open XML-Dokuments (LINQ to XML)

Dieser Artikel enthält ein Beispiel für C# und Visual Basic, mit dem ein Office Open XML-Dokument geöffnet, geändert und gespeichert wird.

Weitere Informationen zu Office Open XML finden Sie unter Open XML SDK (Open XML-SDK) und www.ericwhite.com.

Beispiel

Dieses Beispiel sucht nach dem ersten Absatzelement im Dokument, ruft den Text aus dem Absatz ab und löscht alle Lauftexte. Daraufhin wird ein neuer Lauftext erstellt, der aus dem Text des ersten Absatzes, umgewandelt in Großbuchstaben, besteht. Anschließend wird das geänderte XML in ein Open XML-Paket serialisiert und das Paket wird geschlossen.

Das Beispiel verwendet das Office Open XML-Dokument, das unter Erstellen des Office Open XML-Quelldokuments beschrieben wird.

Dabei wird Folgendes verwendet:

• Die StringConcatenate-Erweiterungsmethode, die im Rahmen des Beispiels definiert wurde
• Klassen aus der WindowsBase-Assembly
• Typen im System.IO.Packaging-Namespace

public static class LocalExtensions
{
    public static string StringConcatenate(this IEnumerable<string> source)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string s in source)
            sb.Append(s);
        return sb.ToString();
    }

    public static string StringConcatenate<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source,
        Func<T, string> func)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (T item in source)
            sb.Append(func(item));
        return sb.ToString();
    }

    public static string StringConcatenate(this IEnumerable<string> source, string separator)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string s in source)
            sb.Append(s).Append(separator);
        return sb.ToString();
    }

    public static string StringConcatenate<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source,
        Func<T, string> func, string separator)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (T item in source)
            sb.Append(func(item)).Append(separator);
        return sb.ToString();
    }
}

class Program
{
    public static string ParagraphText(XElement e)
    {
        XNamespace w = e.Name.Namespace;
        return e
               .Elements(w + "r")
               .Elements(w + "t")
               .StringConcatenate(element => (string)element);
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        const string fileName = "SampleDoc.docx";

        const string documentRelationshipType =
          "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument";
        const string stylesRelationshipType =
          "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/styles";
        const string wordmlNamespace =
          "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main";
        XNamespace w = wordmlNamespace;

        using (Package wdPackage = Package.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
        {
            PackageRelationship docPackageRelationship =
              wdPackage.GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault();
            if (docPackageRelationship != null)
            {
                Uri documentUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(new Uri("/", UriKind.Relative),
                  docPackageRelationship.TargetUri);
                PackagePart documentPart = wdPackage.GetPart(documentUri);

                //  Load the document XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                XDocument xDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(documentPart.GetStream()));

                //  Find the styles part. There will only be one.
                PackageRelationship styleRelation =
                  documentPart.GetRelationshipsByType(stylesRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault();
                PackagePart stylePart = null;
                XDocument styleDoc = null;

                if (styleRelation != null)
                {
                    Uri styleUri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(documentUri, styleRelation.TargetUri);
                    stylePart = wdPackage.GetPart(styleUri);

                    //  Load the style XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                    styleDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(stylePart.GetStream()));
                }

                XElement paraNode = xDoc
                                    .Root
                                    .Element(w + "body")
                                    .Descendants(w + "p")
                                    .FirstOrDefault();

                string paraText = ParagraphText(paraNode);

                // remove all text runs
                paraNode.Descendants(w + "r").Remove();

                paraNode.Add(
                    new XElement(w + "r",
                        new XElement(w + "t", paraText.ToUpper())
                    )
                );

                //  Save the XML into the package
                using (XmlWriter xw =
                  XmlWriter.Create(documentPart.GetStream(FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)))
                {
                    xDoc.Save(xw);
                }

                Console.WriteLine("New first paragraph: >{0}<", paraText.ToUpper());
            }
        }
    }
}

Imports <xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main">

Module Module1
    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of String)) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each s As String In source
            sb.Append(s)
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(Of T)(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of T), _
    ByVal func As Func(Of T, String)) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each item As T In source
            sb.Append(func(item))
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(Of T)(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of T), _
    ByVal separator As String) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each s As T In source
            sb.Append(s).Append(separator)
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    <System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Extension()> _
    Public Function StringConcatenate(Of T)(ByVal source As IEnumerable(Of T), _
    ByVal func As Func(Of T, String), ByVal separator As String) As String
        Dim sb As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
        For Each item As T In source
            sb.Append(func(item)).Append(separator)
        Next
        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    Public Function ParagraphText(ByVal e As XElement) As String
        Dim w As XNamespace = e.Name.Namespace
        Return (e.<w:r>.<w:t>).StringConcatenate(Function(element) CStr(element))
    End Function

    ' Following function is required because Visual Basic doesn't support short circuit evaluation
    Private Function GetStyleOfParagraph(ByVal styleNode As XElement, _
                                         ByVal defaultStyle As String) As String
        If (styleNode Is Nothing) Then
            Return defaultStyle
        Else
            Return styleNode.@w:val
        End If
    End Function

    Sub Main()
        Dim fileName = "SampleDoc.docx"

        Dim documentRelationshipType = _
          "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/officeDocument"
        Dim stylesRelationshipType = _
          "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships/styles"
        Dim wordmlNamespace = _
          "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main"

        Using wdPackage As Package = Package.Open(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite)
            Dim docPackageRelationship As PackageRelationship = wdPackage _
                    .GetRelationshipsByType(documentRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault()
            If (docPackageRelationship IsNot Nothing) Then
                Dim documentUri As Uri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri(New Uri("/", _
                            UriKind.Relative), docPackageRelationship.TargetUri)
                Dim documentPart As PackagePart = wdPackage.GetPart(documentUri)

                '  Load the document XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                Dim xDoc As XDocument = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(documentPart.GetStream()))

                '  Find the styles part. There will only be one.
                Dim styleRelation As PackageRelationship = documentPart _
                        .GetRelationshipsByType(stylesRelationshipType).FirstOrDefault()
                Dim stylePart As PackagePart = Nothing
                Dim styleDoc As XDocument = Nothing

                If (styleRelation IsNot Nothing) Then
                    Dim styleUri As Uri = PackUriHelper.ResolvePartUri( _
                            documentUri, styleRelation.TargetUri)
                    stylePart = wdPackage.GetPart(styleUri)

                    ' Load the style XML in the part into an XDocument instance.
                    styleDoc = XDocument.Load(XmlReader.Create(stylePart.GetStream()))
                End If

                Dim paraNode As XElement = xDoc.Root.<w:body>...<w:p>.FirstOrDefault()

                Dim paraText As String = ParagraphText(paraNode)

                ' Remove all text runs.
                paraNode...<w:r>.Remove()

                paraNode.Add(<w:r><w:t><%= paraText.ToUpper() %></w:t></w:r>)

                ' Save the XML into the package.
                Using xw As XmlWriter = _
                  XmlWriter.Create(documentPart.GetStream(FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
                    xDoc.Save(xw)
                End Using

                Console.WriteLine("New first paragraph: >{0}<", paraText.ToUpper())
            End If
        End Using
    End Sub
End Module

Dieses Beispiel erzeugt die folgende Ausgabe:

New first paragraph: >PARSING WORDPROCESSINGML WITH LINQ TO XML<

Wenn Sie SampleDoc.docx nach der Ausführung dieses Programms öffnen, sehen Sie, dass der erste Absatz des Dokuments in Großbuchstaben umgewandelt wurde.