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Big Data can be defined by 7 V's - Volume, Velocity, Variety, Variability, Veracity, Visualization, and Value. Along with volume, these qualities significantly impact calling data as 'Big Data'. Synapse is extended version of SQL DW (Massive Parallel Processing Architecture) which is ideal in scenarios where huge queries hit the system and concurrent data loads are needed to refresh the data. Synapse gives the ability to do analytic processing by having feasibility to integrate with Azure ML, Databricks, ADLS, ADF. It is very much preferred to use Synapse if there are future plans to have analytic solutions with the data. Synapse has low DWU of 100 that almost acts as a SQL DB, hence it can be even used for small data. Also, data processing if involves unstructured data along with structured data, Synapse is preferred. SQL Server is geared primarily towards OLTP (Online Transactional Processing) requirements and it has capabilities to store huge data as well.
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