Acrylic and Mica are Windows specific, so you have to set them up in your Windows specific code section rather than in cross-platfrom code.
Lance McCarthy ported the essential pieces of the WinUI Gallery's SystemBackdrops sample to MAUI and shared files to set up Mica or Acrylic (whichever is available) in a MAUI app in his github repo at https://gist.github.com/LanceMcCarthy/4954ab92ca44c19eb4316d9d683efd50
This gets the Window's WinUI handle from the OnWindowCreated lifecycle event and then sets Mica/Acrylic on the window in Windows specific code in the MAUI app's Windows folder.
If you want to target more narrowly than the window (more likely for other WinUI customizations) you can get access to the WinUI PlatformView backing the MAUI control via the control's handler. See Customize .NET MAUI controls with handlers and