DataWriter DataWriter DataWriter DataWriter DataWriter Class

Definition

public : sealed class DataWriter : IClosable, IDataWriter

struct winrt::Windows::Storage::Streams::DataWriter : IClosable, IDataWriter

public sealed class DataWriter : IDisposable, IDataWriter

Public NotInheritable Class DataWriter Implements IDisposable, IDataWriter

var dataWriter = new dataWriter();

Attributes

ActivatableAttribute ActivatableAttribute ContractVersionAttribute MarshalingBehaviorAttribute ThreadingAttribute

Examples

The following example shows how to write and read strings to an in-memory stream. For the full code sample, see Reading and writing data sample.

#include "pch.h"
#include "WriteReadStream.xaml.h"

using namespace Concurrency;
using namespace DataReaderWriter;
using namespace Platform;
using namespace Windows::Storage::Streams;
using namespace Windows::UI::Xaml;
using namespace Windows::UI::Xaml::Controls;
using namespace Windows::UI::Xaml::Navigation;

Array<String^>^ _inputElements = ref new Array<String^>
{
    "Hello", "World", "1 2 3 4 5", "Très bien!", "Goodbye"
};

WriteReadStream::WriteReadStream()
{
    InitializeComponent();

    // Populate the text block with the input elements.
    ElementsToWrite->Text = "";
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _inputElements->Length; i++)
    {
        ElementsToWrite->Text += _inputElements[i] + ";";
    }
}

// Invoked when this page is about to be displayed in a Frame.
void WriteReadStream::OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs^ e)
{
    // Get a pointer to our main page.
    rootPage = MainPage::Current;
}

// This is the click handler for the 'Copy Strings' button.  Here we will parse the
// strings contained in the ElementsToWrite text block, write them to a stream using
// DataWriter, retrieve them using DataReader, and output the results in the
// ElementsRead text block.
void DataReaderWriter::WriteReadStream::TransferData(
Platform::Object^ sender, Windows::UI::Xaml::RoutedEventArgs^ e)
{
    // Initialize the in-memory stream where data will be stored.
    InMemoryRandomAccessStream^ stream = ref new InMemoryRandomAccessStream();

    // Create the DataWriter object backed by the in-memory stream.  When
    // dataWriter is deleted, it will also close the underlying stream.
    DataWriter^ dataWriter = ref new DataWriter(stream);
    dataWriter->UnicodeEncoding = UnicodeEncoding::Utf8;
    dataWriter->ByteOrder = ByteOrder::LittleEndian;

    // Create the data reader by using the input stream set at position 0 so that 
    // the stream will be read from the beginning regardless of where the position
    // the original stream ends up in after the store.
    IInputStream^ inputStream = stream->GetInputStreamAt(0);
    DataReader^ dataReader = ref new DataReader(inputStream);
    // The encoding and byte order need to match the settings of the writer 
    / we previously used.
    dataReader->UnicodeEncoding = UnicodeEncoding::Utf8;
    dataReader->ByteOrder = ByteOrder::LittleEndian;

    // Write the input data to the output stream.  Serialize the elements by writing
    // each string separately, preceded by its length.
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _inputElements->Length; i++) 
    {
        unsigned int inputElementSize = dataWriter->MeasureString(_inputElements[i]);
        dataWriter->WriteUInt32(inputElementSize);
        dataWriter->WriteString(_inputElements[i]);
    }

    // Send the contents of the writer to the backing stream.
    create_task(dataWriter->StoreAsync()).then([this, dataWriter] (unsigned int bytesStored)
    {
        // For the in-memory stream implementation we are using, the FlushAsync() call 
        // is superfluous, but other types of streams may require it.
        return dataWriter->FlushAsync();
    }).then([this, dataReader, stream] (bool flushOp)
    {
        // Once we have written the contents successfully we load the stream.
        return dataReader->LoadAsync((unsigned int) stream->Size);
    }).then([this, dataReader] (task<unsigned int> bytesLoaded)
    {
        try
        {
            // Check for possible exceptions that could have been thrown 
            // in the async call chain.
            bytesLoaded.get();

            String^ readFromStream = "";

            // Keep reading until we consume the complete stream.
            while (dataReader->UnconsumedBufferLength > 0)
            {
                // Note that the call to ReadString requires a length of 
                // "code units" to read. This is the reason each string is 
                // preceded by its length when "on the wire".
                unsigned int bytesToRead = dataReader->ReadUInt32();
                readFromStream += dataReader->ReadString(bytesToRead) + "\n";
            }

            // Populate the ElementsRead text block with the items we read from the stream
            ElementsRead->Text = readFromStream;
        }
        catch (Exception^ e)
        {
            ElementsRead->Text = "Error: " + e->Message;
        }
    });
}

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using Windows.Foundation;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;

// This is the click handler for the 'Copy Strings' button.  Here we will parse the
// strings contained in the ElementsToWrite text block, write them to a stream using
// DataWriter, retrieve them using DataReader, and output the results in the
// ElementsRead text block.
private async void TransferData(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    // Initialize the in-memory stream where data will be stored.
    using (var stream = new Windows.Storage.Streams.InMemoryRandomAccessStream())
    {
        // Create the data writer object backed by the in-memory stream.
        using (var dataWriter = new Windows.Storage.Streams.DataWriter(stream))
        {
            dataWriter.UnicodeEncoding = Windows.Storage.Streams.UnicodeEncoding.Utf8;
            dataWriter.ByteOrder = Windows.Storage.Streams.ByteOrder.LittleEndian;

            // Parse the input stream and write each element separately.
            string[] inputElements = ElementsToWrite.Text.Split(';');
            foreach (string inputElement in inputElements)
            {
                uint inputElementSize = dataWriter.MeasureString(inputElement);
                dataWriter.WriteUInt32(inputElementSize);
                dataWriter.WriteString(inputElement);
            }

            // Send the contents of the writer to the backing stream.
            await dataWriter.StoreAsync();

            // For the in-memory stream implementation we are using, the flushAsync call 
            // is superfluous,but other types of streams may require it.
            await dataWriter.FlushAsync();

            // In order to prolong the lifetime of the stream, detach it from the 
            // DataWriter so that it will not be closed when Dispose() is called on 
            // dataWriter. Were we to fail to detach the stream, the call to 
            // dataWriter.Dispose() would close the underlying stream, preventing 
            // its subsequent use by the DataReader below.
            dataWriter.DetachStream();
        }

        // Create the input stream at position 0 so that the stream can be read 
        // from the beginning.
        using (var inputStream = stream.GetInputStreamAt(0))
        {
            using (var dataReader = new Windows.Storage.Streams.DataReader(inputStream))
            {
                // The encoding and byte order need to match the settings of the writer 
                // we previously used.
                dataReader.UnicodeEncoding = Windows.Storage.Streams.UnicodeEncoding.Utf8;
                dataReader.ByteOrder = Windows.Storage.Streams.ByteOrder.LittleEndian;

                // Once we have written the contents successfully we load the stream.
                await dataReader.LoadAsync((uint)stream.Size);

                var receivedStrings = "";

                // Keep reading until we consume the complete stream.
                while (dataReader.UnconsumedBufferLength > 0)
                {
                    // Note that the call to readString requires a length of "code units" 
                    // to read. This is the reason each string is preceded by its length 
                    // when "on the wire".
                    uint bytesToRead = dataReader.ReadUInt32();
                    receivedStrings += dataReader.ReadString(bytesToRead) + "\n";
                }

                // Populate the ElementsRead text block with the items we read 
                // from the stream.
                ElementsRead.Text = receivedStrings;
            }
        }
    }
}

(function () {
    "use strict";
    var page = WinJS.UI.Pages.define("/html/write-read-stream.html", {
        ready: function (element, options) {
            var sourceElement = document.getElementById("ElementsToSend");
            sourceElement.innerHTML = "Hello;World;1 2 3 4 5;Très bien!;Goodbye";
            var sendButton = document.getElementById("SendButton");
            sendButton.addEventListener("click", transferData);
        }
    });

function transferData() {
        var sourceElement = document.getElementById("ElementsToSend");
        var destinationElement = document.getElementById("scenario1Output");

        // First a DataWriter object is created, backed by an in-memory stream where 
        // the data will be stored.
        var writer = Windows.Storage.Streams.DataWriter(
            new Windows.Storage.Streams.InMemoryRandomAccessStream());
        writer.unicodeEncoding = Windows.Storage.Streams.UnicodeEncoding.utf8;
        writer.byteOrder = Windows.Storage.Streams.ByteOrder.littleEndian;

        // We separate the contents of the sourceElement div in multiple strings 
        // using ';' as the separator. Each string will be written separately.
        var elements = sourceElement.innerHTML.split(";");
        elements.forEach(function (element) {
            var codeUnits = writer.measureString(element);
            writer.writeInt32(codeUnits);
            writer.writeString(element);
        });

        var reader;
        var stream;

        // The call to store async sends the actual contents of the writer 
        // to the backing stream.
        writer.storeAsync().then(function () {
            // For the in-memory stream implementation we are using, the flushAsync call 
            // is superfluous, but other types of streams may require it.
            return writer.flushAsync();
        }).then(function () {
            // We detach the stream to prolong its useful lifetime. Were we to fail 
            // to detach the stream, the call to writer.close() would close the underlying 
            // stream, preventing its subsequent use by the DataReader below. Most clients 
            // of DataWriter will have no reason to use the underlying stream after 
            // writer.close() is called, and will therefore have no reason to call
            // writer.detachStream(). Note that once we detach the stream, we assume 
            // responsibility for closing the stream subsequently; after the stream 
            // has been detached, a call to writer.close() will have no effect on the stream.
            stream = writer.detachStream();
            // Make sure the stream is read from the beginning in the reader 
            // we are creating below.
            stream.seek(0);
            // Most DataWriter clients will not call writer.detachStream(), 
            // and furthermore will be working with a file-backed or network-backed stream, 
            // rather than an in-memory-stream. In such cases, it would be particularly 
            // important to call writer.close(). Doing so is always a best practice.
            writer.close();

            reader = new Windows.Storage.Streams.DataReader(stream);
            // The encoding and byte order need to match the settings of the writer 
            // we previously used.
            reader.unicodeEncoding = Windows.Storage.Streams.UnicodeEncoding.utf8;
            reader.byteOrder = Windows.Storage.Streams.ByteOrder.littleEndian;
            // Once we have written the contents successfully we load the stream, 
            // this is also an asynchronous operation
            return reader.loadAsync(stream.size);
        }).done(function () {
            var receivedStrings = "";
            // Keep reading until we consume the complete stream
            while (reader.unconsumedBufferLength > 0) {
                // Note that the call to readString requires a length of "code units" 
                // to read. This is the reason each string is preceeded by its length 
                // when "on the wire".
                var codeUnitsToRead = reader.readInt32();
                receivedStrings += reader.readString(codeUnitsToRead) + "<br/>";
            }
            // Calling reader.close() closes the underlying stream. It would be particularly important
            // to call reader.close() if the underlying stream were file-backed or 
            // network-backed. Note that this call to reader.close() satisfies 
            // our obligation to close the stream previously detached from DataReader.
            reader.close();
            destinationElement.innerHTML = receivedStrings;
        });
    };
})();

Remarks

Instances of DataWriter objects do not support concurrent writes. If an application concurrently writes or detaches a stream from a DataWriter instance that is being written to the call to the object will fail with the error HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION).

Constructors

Properties

Methods

See Also

• Reading and writing data sample
• StreamSocket sample
• DataReader
• DataWriterStoreOperation DataWriterStoreOperation DataWriterStoreOperation
• Serializing and deserializing data sample (Windows 10)
• File access sample (Windows 10)
• DatagramSocket sample (Windows 10)
• StreamSocket sample (Windows 10)
• Custom USB device sample (Windows 10)