StringCbVPrintfW function (strsafe.h)

Article
02/09/2023

Writes formatted data to the specified string using a pointer to a list of arguments. The size of the destination buffer is provided to the function to ensure that it does not write past the end of this buffer.

StringCbVPrintf is a replacement for the following functions:

Syntax

STRSAFEAPI StringCbVPrintfW(
  [out] STRSAFE_LPWSTR  pszDest,
  [in]  size_t          cbDest,
  [in]  STRSAFE_LPCWSTR pszFormat,
  [in]  va_list         argList
);

Parameters

[out] pszDest

Type: LPTSTR

The destination buffer, which receives the formatted, null-terminated string created from pszFormat and argList.

[in] cbDest

Type: size_t

The size of the destination buffer, in bytes. This value must be sufficiently large to accommodate the final formatted string plus the terminating null character. The maximum number of bytes allowed is STRSAFE_MAX_CCH * sizeof(TCHAR).

[in] pszFormat

Type: LPCTSTR

The format string. This string must be null-terminated. For more information, see Format Specification Syntax.

[in] argList

Type: va_list

The arguments to be inserted into the pszFormat string.

Return value

Type: HRESULT

This function can return one of the following values. It is strongly recommended that you use the SUCCEEDED and FAILED macros to test the return value of this function.

Return code	Description
S_OK	There was sufficient space for the result to be copied to pszDest without truncation, and the buffer is null-terminated.
STRSAFE_E_INVALID_PARAMETER	The value in cbDest is either 0 or larger than `STRSAFE_MAX_CCH * sizeof(TCHAR)`.
STRSAFE_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER	The copy operation failed due to insufficient buffer space. The destination buffer contains a truncated, null-terminated version of the intended result. In situations where truncation is acceptable, this may not necessarily be seen as a failure condition.

Note that this function returns an HRESULT value, unlike the functions that it replaces.

Remarks

StringCbVPrintf provides additional processing for proper buffer handling in your code. Poor buffer handling is implicated in many security issues that involve buffer overruns. StringCbVPrintf always null-terminates a nonzero-length destination buffer.

For more information on va_lists, see the conventions defined in Stdarg.h.

Behavior is undefined if the strings pointed to by pszDest, pszFormat, or any argument strings overlap.

Neither pszFormat nor pszDest should be NULL. See StringCbVPrintfEx if you require the handling of null string pointer values.

StringCbVPrintf can be used in its generic form, or in its more specific forms. The data type of the string determines the form of this function that you should use, as shown in the following table.

String Data Type	String Literal	Function
char	"string"	StringCbVPrintfA
TCHAR	TEXT("string")	StringCbVPrintf
WCHAR	L"string"	StringCbVPrintfW

Note

The strsafe.h header defines StringCbVPrintf as an alias which automatically selects the ANSI or Unicode version of this function based on the definition of the UNICODE preprocessor constant. Mixing usage of the encoding-neutral alias with code that not encoding-neutral can lead to mismatches that result in compilation or runtime errors. For more information, see Conventions for Function Prototypes.

Requirements

Requirement	Value
Minimum supported client	Windows XP with SP2 [desktop apps \| UWP apps]
Minimum supported server	Windows Server 2003 with SP1 [desktop apps \| UWP apps]
Target Platform	Windows
Header	strsafe.h