Enumerable.Union Método

public:
generic <typename TSource>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
 static System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ Union(System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ first, System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ second);

public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> first, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> second);

static member Union : seq<'Source> * seq<'Source> -> seq<'Source>

<Extension()>
Public Function Union(Of TSource) (first As IEnumerable(Of TSource), second As IEnumerable(Of TSource)) As IEnumerable(Of TSource)

Parámetros de tipo

Parámetros

Devoluciones

IEnumerable<TSource>

IEnumerable<T> que contiene los elementos de las dos secuencias de entrada, excepto los duplicados.An IEnumerable<T> that contains the elements from both input sequences, excluding duplicates.

Excepciones

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo utilizar Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) para obtener la Unión de dos secuencias de enteros.The following code example demonstrates how to use Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) to obtain the union of two sequences of integers.

int[] ints1 = { 5, 3, 9, 7, 5, 9, 3, 7 };
int[] ints2 = { 8, 3, 6, 4, 4, 9, 1, 0 };

IEnumerable<int> union = ints1.Union(ints2);

foreach (int num in union)
{
    Console.Write("{0} ", num);
}

/*
 This code produces the following output:

 5 3 9 7 8 6 4 1 0
*/

' Create two arrays of integer values.
Dim ints1() As Integer = {5, 3, 9, 7, 5, 9, 3, 7}
Dim ints2() As Integer = {8, 3, 6, 4, 4, 9, 1, 0}

' Get the set union of the two arrays.
Dim union As IEnumerable(Of Integer) = ints1.Union(ints2)

' Display the resulting set's values.
Dim output As New System.Text.StringBuilder
For Each num As Integer In union
    output.AppendLine(num & " ")
Next
Console.WriteLine(output.ToString())

' This code produces the following output:
'
' 5 
' 3 
' 9 
' 7 
' 8 
' 6 
' 4 
' 1 
' 0 

Si desea comparar secuencias de objetos de algún tipo de datos personalizado, tiene que implementar la IEquatable<T> interfaz genérica en una clase auxiliar.If you want to compare sequences of objects of some custom data type, you have to implement the IEquatable<T> generic interface in a helper class. En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo implementar esta interfaz en un tipo de datos personalizado e invalidar GetHashCode y Equals métodos.The following code example shows how to implement this interface in a custom data type and override GetHashCode and Equals methods.

public class ProductA: IEquatable<ProductA>
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Code { get; set; }

    public bool Equals(ProductA other)
    {
        if (other is null)
            return false;

        return this.Name == other.Name && this.Code == other.Code;
    }

    public override bool Equals(object obj) => Equals(obj as ProductA);
    public override int GetHashCode() => (Name, Code).GetHashCode();
}

Public Class ProductA
    Inherits IEquatable(Of ProductA)

    Public Property Name As String
    Public Property Code As Integer

    Public Function Equals(ByVal other As ProductA) As Boolean
        If other Is Nothing Then Return False
        Return Me.Name = other.Name AndAlso Me.Code = other.Code
    End Function

    Public Overrides Function Equals(ByVal obj As Object) As Boolean
        Return Equals(TryCast(obj, ProductA))
    End Function

    Public Overrides Function GetHashCode() As Integer
        Return (Name, Code).GetHashCode()
    End Function

End Class

Después de implementar esta interfaz, puede usar secuencias de ProductA objetos en el Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) método, como se muestra en el ejemplo siguiente:After you implement this interface, you can use sequences of ProductA objects in the Union<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEnumerable<TSource>) method, as shown in the following example:

ProductA[] store1 = { new ProductA { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new ProductA { Name = "orange", Code = 4 } };

ProductA[] store2 = { new ProductA { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new ProductA { Name = "lemon", Code = 12 } };

Dim store1() As ProductA = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "orange", .Code = 4}}

Dim store2() As ProductA = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "lemon", .Code = 12}}

//Get the products from the both arrays
//excluding duplicates.

IEnumerable<ProductA> union =
  store1.Union(store2);

foreach (var product in union)
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name + " " + product.Code);

/*
    This code produces the following output:

    apple 9
    orange 4
    lemon 12
*/

' Get the products from the both arrays
' excluding duplicates.

Dim union = store1.Union(store2)

For Each product In union
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name & " " & product.Code)
Next

' This code produces the following output:
'
' apple 9
' orange 4
' lemon 12
' 

Comentarios

Este método se implementa mediante la ejecución aplazada.This method is implemented by using deferred execution. El valor devuelto inmediato es un objeto que almacena toda la información necesaria para realizar la acción.The immediate return value is an object that stores all the information that is required to perform the action. La consulta representada por este método no se ejecuta hasta que el objeto se enumera mediante una llamada a su GetEnumerator método directamente o mediante foreach en Visual C# o For Each en Visual Basic.The query represented by this method is not executed until the object is enumerated either by calling its GetEnumerator method directly or by using foreach in Visual C# or For Each in Visual Basic.

Este método excluye los duplicados del conjunto de devoluciones.This method excludes duplicates from the return set. Este comportamiento es diferente al Concat método, que devuelve todos los elementos de las secuencias de entrada, incluidos los duplicados.This is different behavior to the Concat method, which returns all the elements in the input sequences including duplicates.

El comparador de igualdad predeterminado, Default , se usa para comparar los valores de los tipos que implementan la IEqualityComparer<T> interfaz genérica.The default equality comparer, Default, is used to compare values of the types that implement the IEqualityComparer<T> generic interface. Para comparar un tipo de datos personalizado, debe implementar esta interfaz y proporcionar sus propios GetHashCode métodos y Equals para el tipo.To compare a custom data type, you need to implement this interface and provide your own GetHashCode and Equals methods for the type.

Cuando se enumera el objeto devuelto por este método, Union enumera first y second en ese orden y produce cada elemento que todavía no se ha generado.When the object returned by this method is enumerated, Union enumerates first and second in that order and yields each element that has not already been yielded.

public:
generic <typename TSource>
[System::Runtime::CompilerServices::Extension]
 static System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ Union(System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ first, System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<TSource> ^ second, System::Collections::Generic::IEqualityComparer<TSource> ^ comparer);

public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> first, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> second, System.Collections.Generic.IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer);

public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> first, System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource> second, System.Collections.Generic.IEqualityComparer<TSource>? comparer);

static member Union : seq<'Source> * seq<'Source> * System.Collections.Generic.IEqualityComparer<'Source> -> seq<'Source>

<Extension()>
Public Function Union(Of TSource) (first As IEnumerable(Of TSource), second As IEnumerable(Of TSource), comparer As IEqualityComparer(Of TSource)) As IEnumerable(Of TSource)

Parámetros de tipo

Parámetros

Devoluciones

IEnumerable<TSource>

IEnumerable<T> que contiene los elementos de las dos secuencias de entrada, excepto los duplicados.An IEnumerable<T> that contains the elements from both input sequences, excluding duplicates.

Excepciones

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo siguiente se muestra cómo implementar un comparador de igualdad que se puede utilizar en el Union método.The following example shows how to implement an equality comparer that can be used in the Union method.

public class Product
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Code { get; set; }
}

// Custom comparer for the Product class
class ProductComparer : IEqualityComparer<Product>
{
    // Products are equal if their names and product numbers are equal.
    public bool Equals(Product x, Product y)
    {

        //Check whether the compared objects reference the same data.
        if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, y)) return true;

        //Check whether any of the compared objects is null.
        if (Object.ReferenceEquals(x, null) || Object.ReferenceEquals(y, null))
            return false;

        //Check whether the products' properties are equal.
        return x.Code == y.Code && x.Name == y.Name;
    }

    // If Equals() returns true for a pair of objects
    // then GetHashCode() must return the same value for these objects.

    public int GetHashCode(Product product)
    {
        //Check whether the object is null
        if (Object.ReferenceEquals(product, null)) return 0;

        //Get hash code for the Name field if it is not null.
        int hashProductName = product.Name == null ? 0 : product.Name.GetHashCode();

        //Get hash code for the Code field.
        int hashProductCode = product.Code.GetHashCode();

        //Calculate the hash code for the product.
        return hashProductName ^ hashProductCode;
    }
}

Public Class Product
    Public Property Name As String
    Public Property Code As Integer
End Class

' Custom comparer for the Product class
Public Class ProductComparer
    Implements IEqualityComparer(Of Product)

    Public Function Equals1(
        ByVal x As Product, 
        ByVal y As Product
        ) As Boolean Implements IEqualityComparer(Of Product).Equals

        ' Check whether the compared objects reference the same data.
        If x Is y Then Return True

        'Check whether any of the compared objects is null.
        If x Is Nothing OrElse y Is Nothing Then Return False

        ' Check whether the products' properties are equal.
        Return (x.Code = y.Code) AndAlso (x.Name = y.Name)
    End Function

    Public Function GetHashCode1(
        ByVal product As Product
        ) As Integer Implements IEqualityComparer(Of Product).GetHashCode

        ' Check whether the object is null.
        If product Is Nothing Then Return 0

        ' Get hash code for the Name field if it is not null.
        Dim hashProductName = 
            If(product.Name Is Nothing, 0, product.Name.GetHashCode())

        ' Get hash code for the Code field.
        Dim hashProductCode = product.Code.GetHashCode()

        ' Calculate the hash code for the product.
        Return hashProductName Xor hashProductCode
    End Function
End Class

Después de implementar este comparador, puede usar secuencias de Product objetos en el Union método, como se muestra en el ejemplo siguiente:After you implement this comparer, you can use sequences of Product objects in the Union method, as shown in the following example:

Product[] store1 = { new Product { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new Product { Name = "orange", Code = 4 } };

Product[] store2 = { new Product { Name = "apple", Code = 9 },
                       new Product { Name = "lemon", Code = 12 } };

Dim store1() As Product = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "orange", .Code = 4}}

Dim store2() As Product = 
    {New Product With {.Name = "apple", .Code = 9}, 
     New Product With {.Name = "lemon", .Code = 12}}

//Get the products from the both arrays
//excluding duplicates.

IEnumerable<Product> union =
  store1.Union(store2, new ProductComparer());

foreach (var product in union)
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name + " " + product.Code);

/*
    This code produces the following output:

    apple 9
    orange 4
    lemon 12
*/

' Get the products from the both arrays
' excluding duplicates.

Dim union = store1.Union(store2, New ProductComparer())

For Each product In union
    Console.WriteLine(product.Name & " " & product.Code)
Next

' This code produces the following output:
'
' apple 9
' orange 4
' lemon 12
' 

Comentarios

Este método se implementa mediante la ejecución aplazada.This method is implemented by using deferred execution. El valor devuelto inmediato es un objeto que almacena toda la información necesaria para realizar la acción.The immediate return value is an object that stores all the information that is required to perform the action. La consulta representada por este método no se ejecuta hasta que el objeto se enumera mediante una llamada a su GetEnumerator método directamente o mediante foreach en Visual C# o For Each en Visual Basic.The query represented by this method is not executed until the object is enumerated either by calling its GetEnumerator method directly or by using foreach in Visual C# or For Each in Visual Basic.

Si comparer es null , se utiliza el comparador de igualdad predeterminado, Default , para comparar los valores.If comparer is null, the default equality comparer, Default, is used to compare values.

Cuando se enumera el objeto devuelto por este método, Union enumera first y second en ese orden y produce cada elemento que todavía no se ha generado.When the object returned by this method is enumerated, Union enumerates first and second in that order and yields each element that has not already been yielded.

El Concat método difiere del Union método porque el Concat método devuelve todos los elementos de las secuencias de entrada, incluidos los duplicados, mientras que Union solo devuelve valores únicos.The Concat method differs from the Union method because the Concat method returns all the elements in the input sequences including duplicates, whereas Union returns only unique values.