Procedimiento para crear un formulario maestro y detalle mediante dos controles DataGridView de formularios Windows Forms
En el ejemplo de código siguiente se crea un formulario Maestro y detalles mediante dos controles DataGridView enlazados a dos componentes BindingSource. El origen de datos es un DataSet que contiene las tablas Customers
y Orders
de la base de datos de ejemplo de SQL Server Northwind, junto con una DataRelation que relaciona las dos mediante la columna CustomerID
.
Un BindingSource se enlaza a la tabla primaria Customers
del conjunto de datos. Estos datos se muestran en el control maestro DataGridView. El otro BindingSource se enlaza al primer conector de datos. La propiedad DataMember del segundo BindingSource se establece en el nombre DataRelation. Esto hace que el control de detalles asociados DataGridView muestre las filas de la tabla secundaria Orders
que corresponden a la fila actual del control maestro DataGridView.
Para obtener una explicación completa de este ejemplo de código, consulte Tutorial: Crear un formulario maestro y detalles mediante dos controles DataGridView de Windows Forms.
Ejemplo
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Windows.Forms;
public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private DataGridView masterDataGridView = new DataGridView();
private BindingSource masterBindingSource = new BindingSource();
private DataGridView detailsDataGridView = new DataGridView();
private BindingSource detailsBindingSource = new BindingSource();
[STAThreadAttribute()]
public static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
// Initializes the form.
public Form1()
{
masterDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
detailsDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
SplitContainer splitContainer1 = new SplitContainer();
splitContainer1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
splitContainer1.Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal;
splitContainer1.Panel1.Controls.Add(masterDataGridView);
splitContainer1.Panel2.Controls.Add(detailsDataGridView);
this.Controls.Add(splitContainer1);
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(Form1_Load);
this.Text = "DataGridView master/detail demo";
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// Bind the DataGridView controls to the BindingSource
// components and load the data from the database.
masterDataGridView.DataSource = masterBindingSource;
detailsDataGridView.DataSource = detailsBindingSource;
GetData();
// Resize the master DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded data.
masterDataGridView.AutoResizeColumns();
// Configure the details DataGridView so that its columns automatically
// adjust their widths when the data changes.
detailsDataGridView.AutoSizeColumnsMode =
DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCells;
}
private void GetData()
{
try
{
// Specify a connection string. Replace the given value with a
// valid connection string for a Northwind SQL Server sample
// database accessible to your system.
String connectionString =
"Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;" +
"Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=localhost";
SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
// Create a DataSet.
DataSet data = new DataSet();
data.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;
// Add data from the Customers table to the DataSet.
SqlDataAdapter masterDataAdapter = new
SqlDataAdapter("select * from Customers", connection);
masterDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Customers");
// Add data from the Orders table to the DataSet.
SqlDataAdapter detailsDataAdapter = new
SqlDataAdapter("select * from Orders", connection);
detailsDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Orders");
// Establish a relationship between the two tables.
DataRelation relation = new DataRelation("CustomersOrders",
data.Tables["Customers"].Columns["CustomerID"],
data.Tables["Orders"].Columns["CustomerID"]);
data.Relations.Add(relation);
// Bind the master data connector to the Customers table.
masterBindingSource.DataSource = data;
masterBindingSource.DataMember = "Customers";
// Bind the details data connector to the master data connector,
// using the DataRelation name to filter the information in the
// details table based on the current row in the master table.
detailsBindingSource.DataSource = masterBindingSource;
detailsBindingSource.DataMember = "CustomersOrders";
}
catch (SqlException)
{
MessageBox.Show("To run this example, replace the value of the " +
"connectionString variable with a connection string that is " +
"valid for your system.");
}
}
}
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Public Class Form1
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
Private masterDataGridView As New DataGridView()
Private masterBindingSource As New BindingSource()
Private detailsDataGridView As New DataGridView()
Private detailsBindingSource As New BindingSource()
<STAThreadAttribute()> _
Public Shared Sub Main()
Application.Run(New Form1())
End Sub
' Initializes the form.
Public Sub New()
masterDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
detailsDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
Dim splitContainer1 As New SplitContainer()
splitContainer1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
splitContainer1.Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal
splitContainer1.Panel1.Controls.Add(masterDataGridView)
splitContainer1.Panel2.Controls.Add(detailsDataGridView)
Me.Controls.Add(splitContainer1)
Me.Text = "DataGridView master/detail demo"
End Sub
Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
Handles Me.Load
' Bind the DataGridView controls to the BindingSource
' components and load the data from the database.
masterDataGridView.DataSource = masterBindingSource
detailsDataGridView.DataSource = detailsBindingSource
GetData()
' Resize the master DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded data.
masterDataGridView.AutoResizeColumns()
' Configure the details DataGridView so that its columns automatically
' adjust their widths when the data changes.
detailsDataGridView.AutoSizeColumnsMode = _
DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCells
End Sub
Private Sub GetData()
Try
' Specify a connection string. Replace the given value with a
' valid connection string for a Northwind SQL Server sample
' database accessible to your system.
Dim connectionString As String = _
"Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;" & _
"Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=localhost"
Dim connection As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
' Create a DataSet.
Dim data As New DataSet()
data.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture
' Add data from the Customers table to the DataSet.
Dim masterDataAdapter As _
New SqlDataAdapter("select * from Customers", connection)
masterDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Customers")
' Add data from the Orders table to the DataSet.
Dim detailsDataAdapter As _
New SqlDataAdapter("select * from Orders", connection)
detailsDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Orders")
' Establish a relationship between the two tables.
Dim relation As New DataRelation("CustomersOrders", _
data.Tables("Customers").Columns("CustomerID"), _
data.Tables("Orders").Columns("CustomerID"))
data.Relations.Add(relation)
' Bind the master data connector to the Customers table.
masterBindingSource.DataSource = data
masterBindingSource.DataMember = "Customers"
' Bind the details data connector to the master data connector,
' using the DataRelation name to filter the information in the
' details table based on the current row in the master table.
detailsBindingSource.DataSource = masterBindingSource
detailsBindingSource.DataMember = "CustomersOrders"
Catch ex As SqlException
MessageBox.Show("To run this example, replace the value of the " & _
"connectionString variable with a connection string that is " & _
"valid for your system.")
End Try
End Sub
End Class
Compilar el código
Para este ejemplo se necesita:
Referencias a los ensamblados System, System.Data, System.Windows.Forms y System.XML.
Seguridad de .NET Framework
Almacenar información confidencial, como una contraseña, en la cadena de conexión puede afectar a la seguridad de la aplicación. El uso de la autenticación de Windows (también conocida como seguridad integrada) es un modo más seguro de controlar el acceso a una base de datos. Para más información, consulte Proteger la información de conexión.
Consulte también
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