Cómo administrar transacciones de Servicios de objeto (Entity Framework)
En este tema se proporciona un ejemplo de cómo definir una transacción que coordina la realización de cambios en los objetos en el contexto de un objeto con otras operaciones externas. Para obtener más información, vea Administrar transacciones en Servicios de objeto (Entity Framework).
El ejemplo de este tema se basa en el Modelo AdventureWorks Sales (EDM). Para ejecutar el código de este ejemplo, se debe haber agregado ya el modelo de AdventureWorks Sales al proyecto y haber configurado el proyecto para usar Entity Framework. Para ello, complete el procedimiento de Cómo usar el Asistente para Entity Data Model (Entity Framework). También debe tener instalado Microsoft Windows Message Queue Server.
Ejemplo
En este ejemplo se define un TransactionScope. El TransactionScope garantiza que los cambios en los objetos del contexto del objeto se coordinan con una cola de mensajes. Servicios de objeto usa esta transacción al guardar los cambios en la base de datos. Cuando se produce una UpdateException, la operación se vuelve a intentar hasta dos veces. Cuando la operación tiene éxito, los cambios en el contexto del objeto se aceptan. Para obtener más información, vea Administrar transacciones en Servicios de objeto (Entity Framework).
En este ejemplo se usa un contexto de un objeto de larga duración, que se elimina una vez que la transacción tiene éxito o que se han intentado todos los reintentos.
Option Explicit On
Option Strict On
Imports System
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.Objects
Imports System.Messaging
Imports System.Transactions
' Prepend with the root namespace for the project.
Imports AdventureWorksModel
Namespace Microsoft.Samples.Edm
Public Class TranasctionSample
Public Shared Sub EnlistTransaction()
Dim retries As Integer = 3
Dim queueName As String = ".\Fulfilling"
' Define variables that we need to add an item.
Dim quantity As Short = 2
Dim productId As Integer = 750
Dim orderId As Integer = 43680
' Define a long-running object context.
Dim context As AdventureWorksEntities _
= New AdventureWorksEntities()
Dim success As Boolean = False
' Wrap the operation in a retry loop.
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To retries - 1 Step i + 1
' Define a transaction scope for the operations.
Using transaction As New TransactionScope()
Try
' Define a query that returns a order by order ID.
Dim order As SalesOrderHeader = _
context.SalesOrderHeader.Where( _
"it.SalesOrderID = @id", New ObjectParameter( _
"id", orderId)).First()
' Load items for the order, if not already loaded.
If Not order.SalesOrderDetail.IsLoaded Then
order.SalesOrderDetail.Load()
End If
' Load the customer, if not already loaded.
If Not order.ContactReference.IsLoaded Then
order.ContactReference.Load()
End If
' Create a new item for an existing order.
Dim newItem As SalesOrderDetail = _
SalesOrderDetail.CreateSalesOrderDetail( _
0, 0, quantity, productId, 1, 0, 0, 0, Guid.NewGuid(), DateAndTime.Today)
'Add new item to the order.
order.SalesOrderDetail.Add(newItem)
' Save changes pessimistically. This means that changes
' must be accepted manually once the transaction succeeds.
context.SaveChanges(False)
' Create the message queue if it does not already exist.
If Not MessageQueue.Exists(queueName) Then
MessageQueue.Create(queueName)
End If
' Initiate fulfilling order by sending a message.
Using q As New MessageQueue(queueName)
Dim msg As New System.Messaging.Message( _
String.Format("<order customerId='{0}'>" _
+ "<orderLine product='{1}' quantity='{2}' />" _
+ "</order>", order.Contact.ContactID, _
newItem.ProductID, newItem.OrderQty))
q.Send(msg)
End Using
' Mark the transaction as complete.
transaction.Complete()
success = True
Exit For
Catch ex As Exception
' Handle errors and deadlocks here and retry if needed.
' Allow an UpdateException to pass through and
' retry, otherwise stop the execution.
If Not TypeOf (ex) Is UpdateException Then
Console.WriteLine("An error occured. " _
+ "The operation cannot be retried." _
+ ex.Message)
Exit Sub
End If
' If we get to this point, the operation will be retried.
End Try
End Using
Next
If success Then
' Reset the context since the operation succeeded.
context.AcceptAllChanges()
Else
Console.WriteLine("The operation could not be completed in " _
+ retries.ToString + " tries.")
End If
' Dispose the object context.
context.Dispose()
End Sub
End Class
End Namespace
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Messaging;
using System.Transactions;
using AdventureWorksModel;
namespace Microsoft.Samples.Edm
{
class TransactionSample
{
public static void EnlistTransaction()
{
int retries = 3;
string queueName = @".\Fulfilling";
// Define variables that we need to add an item.
short quantity = 2;
int productId = 750;
int orderId = 43680;
// Define a long-running object context.
AdventureWorksEntities context
= new AdventureWorksEntities();
bool success = false;
// Wrap the operation in a retry loop.
for (int i = 0; i < retries; i++)
{
// Define a transaction scope for the operations.
using (TransactionScope transaction = new TransactionScope())
{
try
{
// Define a query that returns a order by order ID.
SalesOrderHeader order =
context.SalesOrderHeader.Where
("it.SalesOrderID = @id", new ObjectParameter(
"id", orderId)).First();
// Load items for the order, if not already loaded.
if (!order.SalesOrderDetail.IsLoaded)
{
order.SalesOrderDetail.Load();
}
// Load the customer, if not already loaded.
if (!order.ContactReference.IsLoaded)
{
order.ContactReference.Load();
}
// Create a new item for an existing order.
SalesOrderDetail newItem = SalesOrderDetail.CreateSalesOrderDetail(
0, 0, quantity, productId, 1, 0, 0, 0, Guid.NewGuid(), DateTime.Today);
// Add new item to the order.
order.SalesOrderDetail.Add(newItem);
// Save changes pessimistically. This means that changes
// must be accepted manually once the transaction succeeds.
context.SaveChanges(false);
// Create the message queue if it does not already exist.
if (!MessageQueue.Exists(queueName))
{
MessageQueue.Create(queueName);
}
// Initiate fulfilling order by sending a message.
using (MessageQueue q = new MessageQueue(queueName))
{
System.Messaging.Message msg =
new System.Messaging.Message(String.Format(
"<order customerId='{0}'>" +
"<orderLine product='{1}' quantity='{2}' />" +
"</order>", order.Contact.ContactID,
newItem.ProductID, newItem.OrderQty));
// Send the message to the queue.
q.Send(msg);
}
// Mark the transaction as complete.
transaction.Complete();
success = true;
break;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// Handle errors and deadlocks here and retry if needed.
// Allow an UpdateException to pass through and
// retry, otherwise stop the execution.
if (ex.GetType() != typeof(UpdateException))
{
Console.WriteLine("An error occured. "
+ "The operation cannot be retried."
+ ex.Message);
break;
}
// If we get to this point, the operation will be retried.
}
}
}
if (success)
{
// Reset the context since the operation succeeded.
context.AcceptAllChanges();
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The operation could not be completed in "
+ retries + " tries.");
}
// Dispose the object context.
context.Dispose();
}
}
}
Vea también
Otros recursos
How to: Manage EntityClient Transactions (Entity Framework)
How to: Explicitly Manage EntityClient Transactions Using EntityTransaction (Entity Framework)
Administrar conexiones y transacciones (tareas de Entity Framework)