Cómo: Obtener el id. y el nombre del dispositivo

Actualización: noviembre 2007

Para obtener el nombre del dispositivo, utilice la propiedad Dns.GetHostName. Un nombre predeterminado habitual es "PocketPC".

Ejemplo

Este ejemplo muestra el id. y el nombre del dispositivo que aparecen en los cuadros de mensajes cuando se carga el formulario.

Para obtener el id. de dispositivo, o su número de serie, debe utilizar la invocación de plataforma para tener acceso a la función de Windows CE KernelIoControl nativa.

Imports System
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Diagnostics
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Text
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic

Public Class DeviceID
    Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form

    Declare Function KernelIoControl Lib "CoreDll.dll" _
        (ByVal dwIoControlCode As Int32, _
        ByVal lpInBuf As IntPtr, _
        ByVal nInBufSize As Int32, _
        ByVal lpOutBuf() As Byte, _
        ByVal nOutBufSize As Int32, _
        ByRef lpBytesReturned As Int32) As Boolean

    Public Sub New()

        Me.Text = "DeviceID"

        ' Display OK close button.
        Me.MinimizeBox = False

    End Sub

    Protected Overloads Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
        MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
    End Sub

    Shared Sub Main()
        Application.Run(New DeviceID)
    End Sub 

    Private Shared METHOD_BUFFERED As Int32 = 0
    Private Shared FILE_ANY_ACCESS As Int32 = 0
    Private Shared FILE_DEVICE_HAL As Int32 = &H101

    Private Const ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED As Int32 = &H32
    Private Const ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER As Int32 = &H7A

    Private Shared IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID As Int32 = _
        (&H10000 * FILE_DEVICE_HAL) Or (&H4000 * FILE_ANY_ACCESS) _
        Or (&H4 * 21) Or METHOD_BUFFERED

    Private Shared Function GetDeviceID() As String

        ' Initialize the output buffer to the size of a 
        ' Win32 DEVICE_ID structure 
        Dim outbuff(19) As Byte
        Dim dwOutBytes As Int32
        Dim done As Boolean = False

        Dim nBuffSize As Int32 = outbuff.Length

        ' Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some platforms look at
        ' this field rather than the nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl
        ' when determining if the buffer is large enough.
        BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0)
        dwOutBytes = 0

        ' Loop until the device ID is retrieved or an error occurs.
        While Not done
            If KernelIoControl(IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID, IntPtr.Zero, _
                0, outbuff, nBuffSize, dwOutBytes) Then
                done = True
            Else
                Dim errnum As Integer = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()
                Select Case errnum
                    Case ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED
                        Throw New NotSupportedException( _
                            "IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID is not supported on this device", _
                            New Win32Exception(errnum))

                    Case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER

                        ' The buffer is not big enough for the data.  The
                        ' required size is in the first 4 bytes of the output 
                        ' buffer (DEVICE_ID.dwSize).
                        nBuffSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0)
                        outbuff = New Byte(nBuffSize) {}

                        ' Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some
                        ' platforms look at this field rather than the
                        ' nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl when
                        ' determining if the buffer is large enough.
                        BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0)

                    Case Else
                        Throw New Win32Exception(errnum, "Unexpected error")
                End Select
            End If
        End While

        ' Copy the elements of the DEVICE_ID structure.
        Dim dwPresetIDOffset As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &H4)
        Dim dwPresetIDSize As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &H8)
        Dim dwPlatformIDOffset As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &HC)
        Dim dwPlatformIDSize As Int32 = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, &H10)
        Dim sb As New StringBuilder
        Dim i As Integer

        For i = dwPresetIDOffset To (dwPresetIDOffset + dwPresetIDSize) - 1
            sb.Append(String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff(i)))
        Next i

        sb.Append("-")

        For i = dwPlatformIDOffset To (dwPlatformIDOffset + dwPlatformIDSize) - 1
            sb.Append(String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff(i)))
        Next i

        Return sb.ToString()
    End Function

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        Try
            ' Show the device ID.
            Dim deviceID As String = GetDeviceID()
            MessageBox.Show("Device ID: " + deviceID)

            ' Show the device name.
            Dim deviceName As String = System.Net.Dns.GetHostName()
            MessageBox.Show("Device Name: " & deviceName)

        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;

namespace DeviceID
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for DeviceID.
    /// </summary>
    public class DeviceID : System.Windows.Forms.Form
    {

    public DeviceID()
        {
            //
            // Required for Windows Form Designer support
            //
            InitializeComponent();

            //
            // TODO: Add any constructor code after InitializeComponent call
            //
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
        {
            base.Dispose( disposing );
        }

        #region Windows Form Designer generated code
        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            // 
            // DeviceID
            // 
            this.Text = "DeviceID";
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.DeviceID_Load);

        }
        static void Main() 
        {
            Application.Run(new DeviceID());
        }
        #endregion

        private static Int32 METHOD_BUFFERED = 0;
        private static Int32 FILE_ANY_ACCESS = 0;
        private static Int32 FILE_DEVICE_HAL = 0x00000101;

        private const Int32 ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED = 0x32;
        private const Int32 ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = 0x7A;

        private static Int32 IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID = 
            ((FILE_DEVICE_HAL) << 16) | ((FILE_ANY_ACCESS) << 14) 
            | ((21) << 2) | (METHOD_BUFFERED);

        [DllImport("coredll.dll", SetLastError=true)]
        private static extern bool KernelIoControl(Int32 dwIoControlCode, 
            IntPtr lpInBuf, Int32 nInBufSize, byte[] lpOutBuf, 
            Int32 nOutBufSize, ref Int32 lpBytesReturned);

        private static string GetDeviceID()
        {
            // Initialize the output buffer to the size of a 
            // Win32 DEVICE_ID structure.
            byte[] outbuff = new byte[20];
            Int32  dwOutBytes;
            bool done = false;

            Int32 nBuffSize = outbuff.Length;

            // Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some platforms look at
            // this field rather than the nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl
            // when determining if the buffer is large enough.
            BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0);  
            dwOutBytes = 0;

            // Loop until the device ID is retrieved or an error occurs.
            while (! done)
            {
                if (KernelIoControl(IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID, IntPtr.Zero, 
                    0, outbuff, nBuffSize, ref dwOutBytes))
                {
                    done = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    int error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
                    switch (error)
                    {
                    case ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED:
                        throw new NotSupportedException(
                            "IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID is not supported on this device",
                            new Win32Exception(error));

                    case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER:

                        // The buffer is not big enough for the data.  The
                        // required size is in the first 4 bytes of the output
                        // buffer (DEVICE_ID.dwSize).
                        nBuffSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0);
                        outbuff = new byte[nBuffSize];

                        // Set DEVICEID.dwSize to size of buffer.  Some
                        // platforms look at this field rather than the
                        // nOutBufSize param of KernelIoControl when
                        // determining if the buffer is large enough.
                        BitConverter.GetBytes(nBuffSize).CopyTo(outbuff, 0);
                        break;

                    default:
                        throw new Win32Exception(error, "Unexpected error");
                    }
                }
            }

            // Copy the elements of the DEVICE_ID structure.
            Int32 dwPresetIDOffset = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0x4);
            Int32 dwPresetIDSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0x8);
            Int32 dwPlatformIDOffset = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0xc);
            Int32 dwPlatformIDSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(outbuff, 0x10);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

            for (int i = dwPresetIDOffset; 
                i < dwPresetIDOffset + dwPresetIDSize; i++)
            {
                sb.Append(String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff[i]));
            }

            sb.Append("-");

            for (int i = dwPlatformIDOffset; 
                i < dwPlatformIDOffset + dwPlatformIDSize; i ++ )  
            {
                sb.Append( String.Format("{0:X2}", outbuff[i]));
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }

        private void DeviceID_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            try 
            {
                // Show the device ID.
                string strDeviceID = GetDeviceID();
                MessageBox.Show("Device ID: " + strDeviceID);

                // Show the device name.
                string deviceName = System.Net.Dns.GetHostName();
                MessageBox.Show("Device Name: " + deviceName);
            }

            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}

Compilar el código

Para este ejemplo se requieren referencias a los siguientes espacios de nombres:

• System

• System.ComponentModel

• System.Runtime.InteropServices

• System.Text

• System.Windows.Forms

Programación eficaz

La siguiente tabla contiene una lista de parámetros de la función nativa KernelIoControl. Todos son de 32 bits.

Parámetro	Tipo Win32	Tipo administrado	Valor típico
dwIoControlCode	DWORD	Int32	IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID
lpInBuf	LPVOID	IntPtr	IntPtr.Zero (no se requiere la introducción de datos)
nInBufSize	DWORD	Int32	0 (no se requiere la introducción de datos)
lpOutBuf	LPVOID*	Int32	Una matriz Byte de 20 elementos (20 bytes es el tamaño de la estructura DEVICE_ID)
nOutBufSize	DWORD	Int32	20
lpBytesReturned	LPWORD	refInt32	0

El parámetro lpOutBuf tiene la estructura siguiente:

Structure DEVICE_ID
    Private dwSize As Integer
    Private dwPresetIDOffset As Integer
    Private dwPresetIDBytes As Integer
    Private dwPlatformIDOffset As Integer
    Private dwPlatformIDBytes As Integer
End Structure

struct DEVICE_ID
{
    int dwSize;
    int dwPresetIDOffset;
    int dwPresetIDBytes;
    int dwPlatformIDOffset;
    int dwPlatformIDBytes;
}

Valores devueltos y control de errores

La función KernelIoControl devuelve true si el id. de dispositivo se ha copiado al búfer de salida; de lo contrario, devuelve false. Si KernelIoControl falla, llame al método administrado GetLastWin32Error para obtener el código de error de Win32. Es probable que el código de error sea alguno de los siguientes:

• ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED: indica que el dispositivo no implementa el código de control de IOCTL_HAL_GET_DEVICEID.

• ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: indica que el búfer de salida no tiene el tamaño suficiente para contener el id. de dispositivo. El número necesario de bytes, especificado por dwSize en la estructura DEVICE_ID, se devuelve en los cuatro primeros bytes del búfer de salida. Si se produce este error, reasigne al búfer de salida el tamaño especificado por dwSize y llame a KernelIoControl de nuevo.

Vea también

Tareas

Cómo: Obtener la memoria de un dispositivo

Otros recursos

Interoperabilidad en .NET Compact Framework