Conceder, revocar y denegar permisos

Artículo
04/03/2023

Se aplica a:SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics

El objeto ServerPermission se utiliza para asignar un conjunto de permisos o un permiso de servidor individual al objeto ServerPermissionSet. Para los permisos en el nivel de servidor, el cesionario hace referencia a un inicio de sesión. Se hace una lista de los inicios de sesión autenticados por Windows como nombres de usuario de Windows. Cuando este ejemplo de código se ejecuta, revoca el permiso del cesionario y comprueba se ha quitado con el método EnumServerPermissions.

Los permisos de bases de datos y permisos de objetos de bases de datos pueden asignarse de igual forma utilizando el objeto DatabasePermissionSet y el objeto ObjectPermissionSet.

Ejemplo

Para utilizar cualquier ejemplo de código que se proporcione, deberá elegir el entorno de programación, la plantilla de programación y el lenguaje de programación con los que crear su aplicación. Para obtener más información, vea Creación de un proyecto de SMO de Visual C# en Visual Studio .NET.

Conceder permisos de servidor en Visual Basic

En este ejemplo de código se conceden los permisos Crear extremo y Modificar cualquier extremo al inicio de sesión especificado y, a continuación, se enumeran y se muestran los permisos. Se revoca uno de los permisos y se enumeran los permisos de nuevo a continuación. En este ejemplo se supone que el inicio de sesión especificado tiene los permisos especificados para comenzar.

' compile with: /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo.dll   
' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.dll /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum.dll  
Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo  
  
Public Class A  
   Public Shared Sub Main()  
      Dim svr As New Server()  
  
      ' Creating the logins (Grantee)  
      Dim vGrantee As [String] = "Grantee1"  
      Dim login As New Login(svr, vGrantee)  
      login.LoginType = LoginType.SqlLogin  
      login.Create("password@1")  
  
      Dim vGrantee2 As [String] = "Grantee2"  
      Dim login2 As New Login(svr, vGrantee2)  
      login2.LoginType = LoginType.SqlLogin  
      login2.Create("password@2")  
  
      ' Define a ServerPermissionSet that contains permission to Create Endpoint and Alter Any Endpoint.   
      Dim sps As New ServerPermissionSet(ServerPermission.CreateEndpoint)  
      sps.Add(ServerPermission.AlterAnyEndpoint)  
  
      ' Grant Create Endpoint and Alter Any Endpoint permissions to Grantee  
      svr.Grant(sps, vGrantee)  
      svr.Grant(sps, vGrantee2)  
  
      ' Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for the grantee specified in the vGrantee string variable.   
      Dim spis As ServerPermissionInfo() = svr.EnumServerPermissions(vGrantee, sps)  
      'enumerates all server permissions for the Grantee from the specified permission set  
      Console.WriteLine("====Before revoke===========")  
      For Each spi As ServerPermissionInfo In spis  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " & spi.PermissionType.ToString() & " permission.")  
      Next  
      Console.WriteLine(" ")  
  
      ' Revoke the create endpoint permission from the grantee.   
      svr.Revoke(New ServerPermissionSet(ServerPermission.CreateEndpoint), vGrantee)  
  
      ' Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for the grantee specified in the vGrantee string variable.   
      spis = svr.EnumServerPermissions(vGrantee, sps)  
  
      Console.WriteLine("==After revoke=========")  
      For Each spi As ServerPermissionInfo In spis  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " & spi.PermissionType.ToString() & " permission.")  
      Next  
      Console.WriteLine(" ")  
  
      ' Grant the Create Server Role permission to the grantee.   
      svr.Grant(New ServerPermissionSet(ServerPermission.ViewAnyDatabase), vGrantee)  
      ' Enumerate and display the server permissions for the grantee specified in the vGrantee string variable.   
  
      ' enumerates all server permissions for the Grantee  
      spis = svr.EnumServerPermissions(vGrantee)  
  
      Console.WriteLine("==After grant========")  
  
      For Each spi As ServerPermissionInfo In spis  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " & spi.PermissionType.ToString() & " permission.")  
      Next  
      Console.WriteLine("")  
  
      ' Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for all logins.   
      spis = svr.EnumServerPermissions(sps)  
      'enumerates all server permissions in the set for all logins  
      Console.WriteLine("==After grant========")  
  
      For Each spi As ServerPermissionInfo In spis  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " & spi.PermissionType.ToString() & " permission.")  
      Next  
      Console.WriteLine("")  
   End Sub  
End Class

Conceder permisos de servidor en Visual C#

// compile with: /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo.dll   
// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.dll /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum.dll  
using System;  
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;  
  
public class A {  
   public static void Main() {  
      Server svr = new Server();  
  
      // Creating the logins (Grantee)  
      String vGrantee = "Grantee1";  
      Login login = new Login(svr, vGrantee);  
      login.LoginType = LoginType.SqlLogin;  
      login.Create("password@1");  
  
      String vGrantee2 = "Grantee2";  
      Login login2 = new Login(svr, vGrantee2);  
      login2.LoginType = LoginType.SqlLogin;  
      login2.Create("password@2");  
  
      // Define a ServerPermissionSet that contains permission to Create Endpoint and Alter Any Endpoint.   
      ServerPermissionSet sps = new ServerPermissionSet(ServerPermission.CreateEndpoint);  
      sps.Add(ServerPermission.AlterAnyEndpoint);  
  
      // Grant Create Endpoint and Alter Any Endpoint permissions to Grantee  
      svr.Grant(sps, vGrantee);  
      svr.Grant(sps, vGrantee2);  
  
      // Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for the grantee specified in the vGrantee string variable.   
      ServerPermissionInfo[] spis = svr.EnumServerPermissions(vGrantee, sps); //enumerates all server permissions for the Grantee from the specified permission set  
  
      Console.WriteLine("====Before revoke===========");  
      foreach (ServerPermissionInfo spi in spis) {  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " + spi.PermissionType.ToString() + " permission.");  
      }  
      Console.WriteLine(" ");  
  
      // Revoke the create endpoint permission from the grantee.   
      svr.Revoke(new ServerPermissionSet(ServerPermission.CreateEndpoint), vGrantee);  
  
      // Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for the grantee specified in the vGrantee string variable.   
      spis = svr.EnumServerPermissions(vGrantee, sps);  
  
      Console.WriteLine("==After revoke=========");  
      foreach (ServerPermissionInfo spi in spis) {  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " + spi.PermissionType.ToString() + " permission.");  
      }  
      Console.WriteLine(" ");  
  
      // Grant the Create Server Role permission to the grantee.   
      svr.Grant(new ServerPermissionSet(ServerPermission.ViewAnyDatabase), vGrantee);  
      // Enumerate and display the server permissions for the grantee specified in the vGrantee string variable.   
  
      // enumerates all server permissions for the Grantee  
      spis = svr.EnumServerPermissions(vGrantee);   
  
      Console.WriteLine("==After grant========");  
  
      foreach (ServerPermissionInfo spi in spis) {  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " + spi.PermissionType.ToString() + " permission.");  
      }  
      Console.WriteLine("");  
  
      // Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for all logins.   
      spis = svr.EnumServerPermissions(sps); //enumerates all server permissions in the set for all logins  
  
      Console.WriteLine("==After grant========");  
  
      foreach (ServerPermissionInfo spi in spis) {  
         Console.WriteLine(spi.Grantee + " has " + spi.PermissionType.ToString() + " permission.");  
      }  
      Console.WriteLine("");  
   }  
}

Conceder permisos de servidor en PowerShell

# Set the path context to the local, default instance of SQL Server.  
CD \sql\localhost\  
$srv = get-item default  
  
#The subject login:  
# "Place Login Name here - has permission to Create Endpoints"  
$vGrantee = "LoginName"  
  
#This sample assumes that the grantee already has permission to Create Endpoints.   
  
$sps  =  New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.ServerPermissionSet  
  
$sps.CreateEndpoint = $true  
$sps.AlterAnyEndpoint = $true  
  
#This sample assumes that the grantee already has permission to Create Endpoints.   
  
#Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for the grantee specified  
# in the vGrantee string variable.  
$spis = $srv.EnumServerPermissions($vGrantee)  
  
"===Before revoke============="  
foreach ( $spi in $spis)  
{  
    $spi.Grantee + " has " + $spi.PermissionType + " permission."  
}  
""  
#remove permission to create an endpoint  
$sps.CreateEndpoint = $false  
$srv.Revoke($sps, $vGrantee)  
  
#Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for the grantee specified  
# in the vGrantee string variable.  
$spis = $srv.EnumServerPermissions($vGrantee)  
  
"===After revoke============="  
foreach ( $spi in $spis)  
{  
    $spi.Grantee + " has " + $spi.PermissionType + " permission."  
}  
""  
#Grant the revoked permissions back  
$sps.CreateEndpoint = $true  
$sps.AlterAnyEndpoint = $true  
$srv.Grant($sps, $vGrantee)  
  
#Enumerate and display the server permissions in the set for the grantee specified  
# in the vGrantee string variable.  
$spis = $srv.EnumServerPermissions($vGrantee)  
  
"===After grant============="  
foreach ( $spi in $spis)  
{  
    $spi.Grantee + " has " + $spi.PermissionType + " permission."  
}  
}

Consulte también

Jerarquía de permisos (motor de base de datos)