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Make API calls using the Microsoft Graph SDKs

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The Microsoft Graph SDK service libraries provide a client class that you can use as the starting point for creating all API requests. There are two styles of client class: one uses a fluent interface to create the request (for example, client.Users["user-id"].Manager) and the other accepts a path string (for example, api("/users/user-id/manager")). When you have a request object, you can specify a variety of options such as filtering and sorting, and finally, you select the type of operation you want to perform.

There is also the Microsoft Graph PowerShell SDK, which has no client class at all. Instead, all requests are represented as PowerShell commands. For example, to get a user's manager, the command is Get-MgUserManager. For more information on finding commands for API calls, see Navigating the Microsoft Graph PowerShell SDK.

Read information from Microsoft Graph

To read information from Microsoft Graph, you first need to create a request object and then run the GET method on the request.

// GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me

var user = await graphClient.Me
    .Request()
    .GetAsync();

Use $select to control the properties returned

When retrieving an entity, not all properties are automatically retrieved; sometimes they need to be explicitly selected. Also, in some scenarios it isn't necessary to return the default set of properties. Selecting just the required properties can improve the performance of the request. You can customize the request to include the $select query parameter with a list of properties.

// GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me?$select=displayName,jobTitle

var user = await graphClient.Me
    .Request()
    .Select(u => new {
        u.DisplayName,
        u.JobTitle
    })
    .GetAsync();

Retrieve a list of entities

Retrieving a list of entities is similar to retrieving a single entity except there a number of other options for configuring the request. The $filter query parameter can be used to reduce the result set to only those rows that match the provided condition. The $orderBy query parameter will request that the server provide the list of entities sorted by the specified properties.

Note

Some requests for Azure Active Directory resources require the use of advanced query capabilities. If you get a response indicating a bad request, unsupported query, or a response that includes unexpected results, including the $count query parameter and ConsistencyLevel header may allow the request to succeed. For details and examples, see Advanced query capabilities on Azure AD directory objects.

// GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/messages?$select=subject,sender&$filter=<some condition>&orderBy=receivedDateTime

var messages = await graphClient.Me.Messages
    .Request()
    .Select(m => new {
        m.Subject,
        m.Sender
    })
    .Filter("<filter condition>")
    .OrderBy("receivedDateTime")
    .GetAsync();

The object returned when retrieving a list of entities is likely to be a paged collection. For details about how to get the complete list of entities, see paging through a collection.

Access an item of a collection

For SDKs that support a fluent style, collections of entities can be accessed using an array index. For template-based SDKs, it is sufficient to embed the item identifier in the path segment following the collection. For PowerShell, identifiers are passed as parameters.

// GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/messages/{message-id}

string messageId = "AQMkAGUy..";
var message = await graphClient.Me.Messages[messageId]
    .Request()
    .GetAsync();

You can use the $expand filter to request a related entity, or collection of entities, at the same time that you request the main entity.

// GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/messages/{message-id}?$expand=attachments

string messageId = "AQMkAGUy...";
var message = await graphClient.Me.Messages[messageId]
    .Request()
    .Expand("attachments")
    .GetAsync();

Delete an entity

Delete requests are constructed in the same way as requests to retrieve an entity, but use a DELETE request instead of a GET.

// DELETE https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/messages/{message-id}

string messageId = "AQMkAGUy...";
var message = await graphClient.Me.Messages[messageId]
    .Request()
    .DeleteAsync();

Make a POST request to create a new entity

For SDKs that support a fluent style, new items can be added to collections with an Add method. For template-based SDKs, the request object exposes a post method. For PowerShell, a New-* command is available that accepts parameters that map to the entity to add. The created entity is usually returned from the call.

// POST https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/calendars

var calendar = new Calendar
{
    Name = "Volunteer"
};

var newCalendar = await graphClient.Me.Calendars
    .Request()
    .AddAsync(calendar);

Updating an existing entity with PATCH

Most updates in Microsoft Graph are performed using a PATCH method and therefore it is only necessary to include the properties that you want to change in the object you pass.

// PATCH https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/teams/{team-id}

var team = new Team
{
    FunSettings = new TeamFunSettings
    {
        AllowGiphy = true,
        GiphyContentRating = GiphyRatingType.Strict
    }
};

var teamId = "71766077-aacc-470a-be5e-ba47db3b2e88";

await graphClient.Teams[teamId]
    .Request()
    .UpdateAsync(team);

Use HTTP headers to control request behavior

You can use a Header() function to attach custom headers to a request. For PowerShell, adding headers is only possible with the Invoke-GraphRequest method. A number of Microsoft Graph scenarios use custom headers to adjust the behavior of the request.

//  GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/users/{user-id}/events

var events = await graphClient.Me.Events
    .Request()
    .Header("Prefer",@"outlook.timezone=""Pacific Standard Time""")
    .Select( e => new {
        e.Subject,
        e.Body,
        e.BodyPreview
    })
    .GetAsync();

Provide custom query parameters

For SDKs that support a fluent style, you can provide custom query parameter values by using a list of QueryOptions objects. For template-based SDKs, the parameters are URL-encoded and added to the request URI. For PowerShell and Go, defined query parameters for a given API are exposed as parameters to the corresponding command.

//GET https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/calendarView

var queryOptions = new List<QueryOption>()
{
    new QueryOption("startdate", "2020-12-01T00:00:00Z"),
    new QueryOption("enddate", "2020-12-30T00:00:00Z")
};

var calendar = await graphClient.Me.CalendarView()
    .Request(queryOptions)
    .GetAsync();