Memigrasikan blob di seluruh akun penyimpanan menggunakan AzCopy di Windows

Artikel
02/01/2018
5 menit untuk membaca

Sampel ini menyalin semua objek blob dari akun penyimpanan sumber yang disediakan pengguna ke akun penyimpanan target yang disediakan pengguna.

Hal ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Get-AzStorageContainer perintah, yang mencantumkan semua kontainer dalam akun penyimpanan. Sampel kemudian mengeluarkan perintah AzCopy, menyalin setiap kontainer dari akun penyimpanan sumber ke akun penyimpanan tujuan. Jika terjadi kegagalan, sampel dicoba kembali $retryTimes (default adalah 3, dan dapat dimodifikasi dengan -RetryTimes parameter). Jika kegagalan dialami pada setiap percobaan ulang, pengguna dapat menjalankan ulang skrip dengan memberikan sampel dengan kontainer terakhir yang berhasil disalin menggunakan -LastSuccessContainerName parameter. Sampel kemudian terus menyalin wadah dari titik itu.

Sampel ini memerlukan modul Azure PowerShell Storage versi 0.7 atau yang lebih baru. Anda dapat memeriksa versi yang diinstal menggunakan Get-Module -ListAvailable Az.storage. Jika Anda perlu menginstal atau meningkatkan, lihat Menginstal modul Azure PowerShell.

Jika Anda tidak memiliki langganan Azure, buatlah akun gratis sebelum Anda memulai.

Sampel ini juga memerlukan versi terbaru AzCopy di Windows. Direktori penginstalan default adalah C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\AzCopy\

Sampel ini mengambil nama dan kunci akun penyimpanan sumber, nama dan kunci akun penyimpanan target, dan jalur file lengkap AzCopy.exe (jika tidak diinstal di direktori default).

Berikut ini adalah contoh input untuk sampel ini:

Jika AzCopy diinstal di direktori default:

srcStorageAccountName: ExampleSourceStorageAccountName
srcStorageAccountKey: ExampleSourceStorageAccountKey
DestStorageAccountName: ExampleTargetStorageAccountName
DestStorageAccountKey: ExampleTargetStorageAccountKey

Jika AzCopy tidak diinstal di direktori default:

srcStorageAccountName: ExampleSourceStorageAccountName
srcStorageAccountKey: ExampleSourceStorageAccountKey
DestStorageAccountName: ExampleTargetStorageAccountName
DestStorageAccountKey: ExampleTargetStorageAccountKey
AzCopyPath: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\AzCopy\AzCopy.exe

Jika kegagalan dialami dan sampel harus dijalankan kembali dari wadah tertentu:

.\copyScript.ps1 -LastSuccessContainerName myContainerName

Contoh skrip

# Run the script in a new open Powershell window, which has not run other cmdlets, or AzCopy performance could suffer .
# Need install Azure PowerShell before runing the script: https://github.com/Azure/azure-powershell/releases
# Need install AzCopy before runing the script: https://docs.microsoft.com/Az.Storage/common/storage-use-azcopy
# Do not modify the Source or Destination accounts while the copy is running

param (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, 
    HelpMessage= "Source Storage account name.")]
    [ValidatePattern("^[a-z0-9`]{3,24}$")]
    [String]$srcStorageAccountName,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, 
    HelpMessage= "Source Storage account key.")]
    [String]$srcStorageAccountKey,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, 
    HelpMessage= "Destination Storage account name.")]
    [ValidatePattern("^[a-z0-9`]{3,24}$")]
    [String]$DestStorageAccountName,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, 
    HelpMessage= "Destination Storage account key.")]
    [String]$DestStorageAccountKey,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, 
    HelpMessage= "Input the full filePath of the AzCopy.exe, e.g.: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\AzCopy\AzCopy.exe")]
    [String]$AzCopyPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\AzCopy\AzCopy.exe",

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, 
    HelpMessage='Sets the number of retries in an event of failure. Set to 0 for no retry, set -1 for infinite retry.')]
    [Int32]$RetryTimes = 3,

    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, 
    ValueFromPipeline = $true, 
    HelpMessage='Used for resume operation. When provided, the script will copy containers that are alphabetically after $LastSuccessContainerName')]
    [String]$LastSuccessContainerName = $nullz
 )

 if( (Get-Item $AzCopyPath).Exists)
 {

    $FileItemVersion = (Get-Item $AzCopyPath).VersionInfo
    $FilePath = ("{0}.{1}.{2}.{3}" -f  $FileItemVersion.FileMajorPart,  $FileItemVersion.FileMinorPart,  $FileItemVersion.FileBuildPart,  $FileItemVersion.FilePrivatePart)

    # only netcore version AzCopy.exe has version 0.0.0.0, and all netcore version AzCopy works in this script 
    if(([version] $FilePath -lt "7.0.0.2") -and ([version] $FilePath -ne "0.0.0.0"))
    {
        $AzCopyPath = Read-Host "Version of AzCopy found at default install directory is of a lower, unsupported version. Please input the full filePath of the AzCopy.exe that is version 7.0.0.2 or higher, e.g.: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\AzCopy\AzCopy.exe"
    }
 }
 elseIf( (Get-Item $AzCopyPath).Exists -eq $false)
 {
    $AzCopyPath = Read-Host "Input the full filePath of the AzCopy.exe, e.g.: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\AzCopy\AzCopy.exe"
 }

# Create and check Storage context
$Error.Clear()
$srcCtx = New-AzStorageContext -StorageAccountName $srcStorageAccountName -StorageAccountKey $srcStorageAccountKey
if ($srcCtx -eq $null)
{
    Write-Error "Script could not create source Storage Context, possibly due to invalid StorageAccountName or StorageAccount Key terminating: $Error[0]";
    return;
}
$destCtx = New-AzStorageContext -StorageAccountName $destStorageAccountName -StorageAccountKey $destStorageAccountKey
if ($destCtx -eq $null)
{
    Write-Error "Script could not create destination storage context, possibly due to invalid StorageAccountName or StorageAccount Key terminating: $Error[0]";
    return;
}

#Check Source and Destination Storage account Connection
$Error.Clear()
$Containers = Get-AzStorageContainer -MaxCount 1 -Context $srcCtx
if ($Error.Count -gt 0)
{
    Write-Error "Script failed to connect to source Storage account, terminating: $Error[0]";
    return;
}
$Containers = Get-AzStorageContainer -MaxCount 1 -Context $destCtx
if ($Error.Count -gt 0)
{
    Write-Error "Script failed to connect to destination Storage account, terminating: $Error[0]";
    return;
}

#Check AzCopy Path
if((Test-Path $AzCopyPath) -eq $false)
{
    Write-Error "Script is terminating since the provided AzCopyPath does not exist: $AzCopyPath ";
    return;
}
elseif((Get-Item $AzCopyPath).BaseName -ne "AzCopy" )
{
    Write-Error "Script is terminating since the provided AzCopyPath does not refer to the AzCopy exe: $AzCopyPath ";
    return;
}
elseif((Get-Item $AzCopyPath).BaseName -eq "AzCopy")
{
    $FileItemVersion = (Get-Item $AzCopyPath).VersionInfo
    $FilePath = ("{0}.{1}.{2}.{3}" -f  $FileItemVersion.FileMajorPart,  $FileItemVersion.FileMinorPart,  $FileItemVersion.FileBuildPart,  $FileItemVersion.FilePrivatePart)

    if([version] $FilePath -lt "7.0.0.2")
    {
        $AzCopyPath = Read-Host "Version of AzCopy found at provided path is of a lower, unsupported version. Please input the full filePath of the AzCopy.exe that is version 7.0.0.2 or higher, e.g.: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Azure\AzCopy\AzCopy.exe"
    }
}

$OutputLastSuccessContainer = $LastSuccessContainerName;
$HasReachedLastSuccessContainer = $false;

if ($LastSuccessContainerName -eq $null -or $LastSuccessContainerName -eq "")
{
    $HasReachedLastSuccessContainer = $true;
}

# For list container
$MaxReturn = 250
$Token = $Null

do{
    # List source containers
    $retry = 1
    $Error.Clear()
    $srcContainers = Get-AzStorageContainer -MaxCount $MaxReturn -ContinuationToken $Token -Context $srcCtx

    # If list container fail, retry it
    while(($Error.Count -gt 0) -and ($RetryTimes -eq -1 -or $retry -le $retryTimes))
    {
        Write-Host "Retry List containers $retry"
        $Error.Clear()
        $srcContainers = Get-AzStorageContainer -MaxCount $MaxReturn -ContinuationToken $Token -Context $srcCtx
        $retry++
    }

    # If list container fail after retry, break script
    if ($Error.Count -gt 0){
        Write-Error "Terminating the script since listing source containers failed: $Error[0]";
        $CopyContainerFail = $true
        break;
    }
    $Token = $srcContainers[$srcContainers.Count -1].ContinuationToken;

    # Transfer containers one by one
    $CopyContainerFail = $false
    foreach ($container in $srcContainers)
    {
        if (!$HasReachedLastSuccessContainer)
        {
            if ($container.Name -eq $LastSuccessContainerName)
            {
                $HasReachedLastSuccessContainer = $true;
            }
            Write-Host "Skipping container copy: $($container.Name)"
            Continue;
        }

        Write-Host "Start copying container: $($container.Name)"
        $retry = 1

        # Get AzCopy command for transfer one container
        $destContainer = $destCtx.StorageAccount.CreateCloudBlobClient().GetContainerReference($container.Name)
        $azCopyCmd = [string]::Format("""{0}"" /source:{1} /dest:{2} /sourcekey:""{3}"" /destkey:""{4}"" /snapshot /y /s /synccopy",$AzCopyPath, $container.CloudBlobContainer.Uri.AbsoluteUri, $destContainer.Uri.AbsoluteUri, $srcStorageAccountKey, $DestStorageAccountKey)

        # Execute the AzCopy command first time
        Write-Host "$azCopyCmd"
        $result = cmd /c $azCopyCmd
        foreach($s in $result)
        {
            Write-Host $s 
        }

        # If transfer failed, retry it
        while(($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) -and ($RetryTimes -eq -1 -or $retry -le $retryTimes))
        {
            Write-Host "Retry $retry : $azCopyCmd"
            $result = cmd /c $azCopyCmd
            foreach($s in $result)
            {
                Write-Host $s 
            }
            $retry++
        }

        # If tranfer failed after retry, print error
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0){
            Write-Error "Container copy failed: $($container.Name)";
            $CopyContainerFail = $true
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            Write-Host "Finished copying container: $($container.Name)"
            Write-Host ""
            $OutputLastSuccessContainer = $container.Name
        }
    }
    if($CopyContainerFail)
    {
        break;
    }
}
While ($Token -ne $Null)

# Summary the copy result
if ($CopyContainerFail)
{
    if(($OutputLastSuccessContainer -ne $null) -and ($OutputLastSuccessContainer -ne ""))
    {
        Write-Warning "To resume, rerun the script and append the parameter: ""-LastSuccessContainer $OutputLastSuccessContainer"""
        return $OutputLastSuccessContainer
    }
    else
    {
        Write-Warning "To resume, rerun the script."
        return $null
    }
}
else
{
    Write-Host "All Containers copied successfully."
    return ""
}

Penjelasan skrip

Skrip ini menggunakan perintah berikut untuk menyalin data dari satu akun penyimpanan ke akun penyimpanan lainnya. Setiap item dalam tabel ditautkan ke dokumentasi spesifik perintah.

Perintah	Catatan
Dapatkan-AzStorageContainer	Mengembalikan kontainer yang terkait dengan akun Storage ini.
New-AzStorageContext	Membuat konteks yang Azure Storage.

Langkah berikutnya

Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang modul Azure PowerShell, lihat dokumentasi Azure PowerShell.

Sampel skrip PowerShell penyimpanan tambahan dapat ditemukan dalam sampel PowerShell untuk penyimpanan Azure Blob.