CLUSTER BY 句 (SELECT)

  • [アーティクル]

適用対象:check marked yes Databricks SQL check marked yes Databricks Runtime

入力式に基づいてデータをパーティション分割し、各パーティション内のデータを並べ替えます。 これは、DISTRIBUTE BY の後に SORT BY を実行するのと意味的に同じです。 この句は、結果の行が各パーティション内で並べ替えられることを保証するだけで、出力の全順序を保証するものではありません。

構文

CLUSTER BY expression [, ...]

パラメーター

  • expression

    1 つの値を生成する 1 つ以上の値、演算子、および SQL 関数の組み合わせを指定します。

例

> CREATE TEMP VIEW person (name, age)
    AS VALUES ('Zen Hui', 25),
              ('Anil B', 18),
              ('Shone S', 16),
              ('Mike A', 25),
              ('John A', 18),
              ('Jack N', 16);

-- Reduce the number of shuffle partitions to 2 to illustrate the behavior of `CLUSTER BY`.
-- It's easier to see the clustering and sorting behavior with less number of partitions.
> SET spark.sql.shuffle.partitions = 2;

-- Select the rows with no ordering. Please note that without any sort directive, the results
-- of the query is not deterministic. It's included here to show the difference in behavior
-- of a query when `CLUSTER BY` is not used vs when it's used. The query below produces rows
-- where age column is not sorted.
> SELECT age, name FROM person;
  16 Shone S
  25 Zen Hui
  16  Jack N
  25  Mike A
  18  John A
  18  Anil B

-- Produces rows clustered by age. Persons with same age are clustered together.
-- In the query below, persons with age 18 and 25 are in first partition and the
-- persons with age 16 are in the second partition. The rows are sorted based
-- on age within each partition.
> SELECT age, name FROM person CLUSTER BY age;
  18  John A
  18  Anil B
  25 Zen Hui
  25  Mike A
  16 Shone S
  16  Jack N