IEquatable<T>.Equals(T) IEquatable<T>.Equals(T) IEquatable<T>.Equals(T) IEquatable<T>.Equals(T) Method

public:
 bool Equals(T other);

public bool Equals (T other);

abstract member Equals : 'T -> bool

Public Function Equals (other As T) As Boolean

Parâmetros

Retornos

Exemplos

O exemplo a seguir mostra a implementação parcial de Person uma classe que IEquatable<T> implementa e tem duas propriedades LastName , SSNe.The following example shows the partial implementation of a Person class that implements IEquatable<T> and has two properties, LastName and SSN. O Equals método retornará True se a SSN propriedade de dois Person objetos for idêntica; caso contrário, retornará False.The Equals method returns True if the SSN property of two Person objects is identical; otherwise, it returns False.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

public class Person : IEquatable<Person>
{
   private string uniqueSsn;
   private string lName;

   public Person(string lastName, string ssn)
   {
      if (Regex.IsMatch(ssn, @"\d{9}"))
        uniqueSsn = $"{ssn.Substring(0, 3)}-{ssn.Substring(3, 2)}-{ssn.Substring(5, 4)}";
      else if (Regex.IsMatch(ssn, @"\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}"))
         uniqueSsn = ssn;
      else
         throw new FormatException("The social security number has an invalid format.");

      this.LastName = lastName;
   }

   public string SSN
   {
      get { return this.uniqueSsn; }
   }

   public string LastName
   {
      get { return this.lName; }
      set {
         if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
            throw new ArgumentException("The last name cannot be null or empty.");
         else
            this.lName = value;
      }
   }

   public bool Equals(Person other)
   {
      if (other == null)
         return false;

      if (this.uniqueSsn == other.uniqueSsn)
         return true;
      else
         return false;
   }

   public override bool Equals(Object obj)
   {
      if (obj == null)
         return false;

      Person personObj = obj as Person;
      if (personObj == null)
         return false;
      else
         return Equals(personObj);
   }

   public override int GetHashCode()
   {
      return this.SSN.GetHashCode();
   }

   public static bool operator == (Person person1, Person person2)
   {
      if (((object)person1) == null || ((object)person2) == null)
         return Object.Equals(person1, person2);

      return person1.Equals(person2);
   }

   public static bool operator != (Person person1, Person person2)
   {
      if (((object)person1) == null || ((object)person2) == null)
         return ! Object.Equals(person1, person2);

      return ! (person1.Equals(person2));
   }
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions

Public Class Person : Implements IEquatable(Of Person)
   Private uniqueSsn As String
   Private lName As String
   
   Public Sub New(lastName As String, ssn As String)
      If Regex.IsMatch(ssn, "\d{9}") Then
         uniqueSsn = $"{ssn.Substring(0, 3)}-{ssn.Substring(3, 2)}-{ssn.Substring(5, 4)}"
      ElseIf Regex.IsMatch(ssn, "\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}") Then
         uniqueSsn = ssn
      Else 
         Throw New FormatException("The social security number has an invalid format.")
      End If
      Me.LastName = lastName
   End Sub
   
   Public ReadOnly Property SSN As String
      Get
         Return Me.uniqueSsn
      End Get      
   End Property
   
   Public Property LastName As String
      Get
         Return Me.lName
      End Get
      Set
         If String.IsNullOrEmpty(value) Then
            Throw New ArgumentException("The last name cannot be null or empty.")
         Else
            lname = value
         End If   
      End Set
   End Property
   
   Public Overloads Function Equals(other As Person) As Boolean _
                   Implements IEquatable(Of Person).Equals
      If other Is Nothing Then Return False
      
      If Me.uniqueSsn = other.uniqueSsn Then
         Return True
      Else
         Return False
      End If
   End Function

   Public Overrides Function Equals(obj As Object) As Boolean
      If obj Is Nothing Then Return False
      
      Dim personObj As Person = TryCast(obj, Person)
      If personObj Is Nothing Then
         Return False
      Else   
         Return Equals(personObj)   
      End If
   End Function   
   
   Public Overrides Function GetHashCode() As Integer
      Return Me.SSN.GetHashCode()
   End Function
   
   Public Shared Operator = (person1 As Person, person2 As Person) As Boolean
      If person1 Is Nothing OrElse person2 Is Nothing Then
         Return Object.Equals(person1, person2)
      End If
         
      Return person1.Equals(person2)
   End Operator
   
   Public Shared Operator <> (person1 As Person, person2 As Person) As Boolean
      If person1 Is Nothing OrElse person2 Is Nothing Then
         Return Not Object.Equals(person1, person2) 
      End If
      
      Return Not person1.Equals(person2)
   End Operator
End Class

Personos objetos podem então ser armazenados em List<T> um objeto e podem ser identificados Contains pelo método, como mostra o exemplo a seguir.Person objects can then be stored in a List<T> object and can be identified by the Contains method, as the following example shows.

public class TestIEquatable
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Create a Person object for each job applicant.
      Person applicant1 = new Person("Jones", "099-29-4999");
      Person applicant2 = new Person("Jones", "199-29-3999");
      Person applicant3 = new Person("Jones", "299-49-6999");

      // Add applicants to a List object.
      List<Person> applicants = new List<Person>();
      applicants.Add(applicant1);
      applicants.Add(applicant2);
      applicants.Add(applicant3);

       // Create a Person object for the final candidate.
       Person candidate = new Person("Jones", "199-29-3999");
       if (applicants.Contains(candidate))
          Console.WriteLine("Found {0} (SSN {1}).", 
                             candidate.LastName, candidate.SSN);
      else
         Console.WriteLine("Applicant {0} not found.", candidate.SSN);

      // Call the shared inherited Equals(Object, Object) method.
      // It will in turn call the IEquatable(Of T).Equals implementation.
      Console.WriteLine("{0}({1}) already on file: {2}.",  
                        applicant2.LastName, 
                        applicant2.SSN, 
                        Person.Equals(applicant2, candidate)); 
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       Found Jones (SSN 199-29-3999).
//       Jones(199-29-3999) already on file: True.

Module TestIEquatable
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Create a Person object for each job applicant.
      Dim applicant1 As New Person("Jones", "099-29-4999")
      Dim applicant2 As New Person("Jones", "199-29-3999")
      Dim applicant3 As New Person("Jones", "299-49-6999")

      ' Add applicants to a List object.
      Dim applicants As New List(Of Person)
      applicants.Add(applicant1)
      applicants.Add(applicant2)
      applicants.Add(applicant3)
      
      ' Create a Person object for the final candidate.
      Dim candidate As New Person("Jones", "199-29-3999")
      
      If applicants.Contains(candidate) Then
         Console.WriteLine("Found {0} (SSN {1}).", _
                            candidate.LastName, candidate.SSN)
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("Applicant {0} not found.", candidate.SSN)
      End If         

      ' Call the shared inherited Equals(Object, Object) method.
      ' It will in turn call the IEquatable(Of T).Equals implementation.
      Console.WriteLine("{0}({1}) already on file: {2}.", _ 
                        applicant2.LastName, _
                        applicant2.SSN, _
                        Person.Equals(applicant2, candidate)) 
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'       Found Jones (SSN 199-29-3999).
'       Jones(199-29-3999) already on file: True.

Comentários

A implementação do Equals método destina-se a executar um teste de igualdade com outro objeto do tipo T, o mesmo tipo do objeto atual.The implementation of the Equals method is intended to perform a test for equality with another object of type T, the same type as the current object. O Equals(T) método é chamado nas seguintes circunstâncias:The Equals(T) method is called in the following circumstances:

• Quando o Equals método é chamado e o other argumento é um objeto fortemente tipado do tipo T.When the Equals method is called and the other argument is a strongly-typed object of type T. (Se other não for do tipo T, o método Object.Equals(Object) base será chamado.(If other is not of type T, the base Object.Equals(Object) method is called. Dos dois métodos, IEquatable<T>.Equals o oferece um desempenho ligeiramente melhor.)Of the two methods, IEquatable<T>.Equals offers slightly better performance.)

• Quando os métodos de pesquisa de vários objetos de coleção genéricos são chamados.When the search methods of a number of generic collection objects are called. Alguns desses tipos e seus métodos incluem o seguinte:Some of these types and their methods include the following:

  • Algumas das sobrecargas genéricas do BinarySearch método.Some of the generic overloads of the BinarySearch method.

  • Os métodos de pesquisa da List<T> classe, incluindo List<T>.Contains(T), List<T>.IndexOf List<T>.LastIndexOf, e List<T>.Remove.The search methods of the List<T> class, including List<T>.Contains(T), List<T>.IndexOf, List<T>.LastIndexOf, and List<T>.Remove.

  • Os métodos de pesquisa da Dictionary<TKey,TValue> classe, incluindo ContainsKey e Remove.The search methods of the Dictionary<TKey,TValue> class, including ContainsKey and Remove.

  • Os métodos de pesquisa da classe LinkedList<T> genérica, incluindo LinkedList<T>.Contains e Remove.The search methods of the generic LinkedList<T> class, including LinkedList<T>.Contains and Remove.

Em outras palavras, para lidar com a possibilidade de que os objetos de uma classe sejam armazenados em uma matriz ou um objeto de coleção genérico, é uma boa ideia IEquatable<T> implementar para que o objeto possa ser facilmente identificado e manipulado.In other words, to handle the possibility that objects of a class will be stored in an array or a generic collection object, it is a good idea to implement IEquatable<T> so that the object can be easily identified and manipulated.

Ao implementar o Equals método, defina a igualdade adequadamente para o tipo especificado pelo argumento de tipo genérico.When implementing the Equals method, define equality appropriately for the type specified by the generic type argument. Por exemplo, se o argumento de tipo Int32for, defina igualdade adequadamente para a comparação de inteiros de 2 32 bits com sinal.For example, if the type argument is Int32, define equality appropriately for the comparison of two 32-bit signed integers.

Notas aos Implementadores

Se você implementar Equals(T)o, também deverá substituir as implementações de classe Equals(Object) base GetHashCode() de e, para que seu comportamento seja consistente com Equals(T) o do método.If you implement Equals(T), you should also override the base class implementations of Equals(Object) and GetHashCode() so that their behavior is consistent with that of the Equals(T) method. Se você substituir Equals(Object), a implementação substituída também será chamada em chamadas para o método Equals(System.Object, System.Object) estático em sua classe.If you do override Equals(Object), your overridden implementation is also called in calls to the static Equals(System.Object, System.Object) method on your class. Além disso, você deve sobrecarregar op_Equality os op_Inequality operadores e.In addition, you should overload the op_Equality and op_Inequality operators. Isso garante que todos os testes de igualdade retornem resultados consistentes, que o exemplo ilustra.This ensures that all tests for equality return consistent results, which the example illustrates.

Aplica-se a