快速入門：建立 NAT 閘道 - ARM 範本
使用 Azure Resource Manager 範本 (ARM 範本) 開始使用 Azure NAT 閘道。 此範本會部署虛擬網路、NAT 閘道資源和 Ubuntu 虛擬機器。 Ubuntu 虛擬機器會部署到與 NAT 閘道資源相關聯的子網路。
Azure Resource Manager 範本是 JavaScript 物件表示法 （JSON） 檔案，可定義專案的基礎結構和組態。 範本使用宣告式語法。 您不需要撰寫程式設計命令順序來建立部署，即可描述預定的部署。
如果您的環境符合必要條件，而且您很熟悉 ARM 範本，請選取 [部署至 Azure] 按鈕。 範本會在 Azure 入口網站中開啟。
必要條件
- 如果您沒有 Azure 訂用帳戶，請在開始前建立免費帳戶。
檢閱範本
本快速入門中使用的範本是來自 Azure 快速入門範本。
此範本已設定為建立：
虛擬網路
NAT 閘道資源
Ubuntu 虛擬機器
Ubuntu VM會部署到與 NAT 閘道資源相關聯的子網路。
{
"$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
"contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
"metadata": {
"_generator": {
"name": "bicep",
"version": "0.25.53.49325",
"templateHash": "15583664434476061565"
}
},
"parameters": {
"vmname": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "vm-1",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of the virtual machine"
}
},
"vmsize": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "Standard_D2s_v3",
"metadata": {
"description": "Size of the virtual machine"
}
},
"vnetname": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "vnet-1",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of the virtual network"
}
},
"subnetname": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "subnet-1",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of the subnet for virtual network"
}
},
"vnetaddressspace": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "10.0.0.0/16",
"metadata": {
"description": "Address space for virtual network"
}
},
"vnetsubnetprefix": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "10.0.0.0/24",
"metadata": {
"description": "Subnet prefix for virtual network"
}
},
"natgatewayname": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "nat-gateway",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of the NAT gateway"
}
},
"networkinterfacename": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "nic-1",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of the virtual machine nic"
}
},
"publicipname": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "public-ip-nat",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of the NAT gateway public IP"
}
},
"nsgname": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "nsg-1",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of the virtual machine NSG"
}
},
"adminusername": {
"type": "string",
"metadata": {
"description": "Administrator username for virtual machine"
}
},
"adminpassword": {
"type": "securestring",
"metadata": {
"description": "Administrator password for virtual machine"
}
},
"location": {
"type": "string",
"defaultValue": "[resourceGroup().location]",
"metadata": {
"description": "Name of resource group"
}
}
},
"resources": [
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
"apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
"name": "[parameters('nsgname')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"securityRules": [
{
"name": "SSH",
"properties": {
"protocol": "Tcp",
"sourcePortRange": "*",
"destinationPortRange": "22",
"sourceAddressPrefix": "*",
"destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
"access": "Allow",
"priority": 300,
"direction": "Inbound"
}
}
]
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
"apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
"name": "[parameters('publicipname')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"sku": {
"name": "Standard"
},
"properties": {
"publicIPAddressVersion": "IPv4",
"publicIPAllocationMethod": "Static",
"idleTimeoutInMinutes": 4
}
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
"apiVersion": "2021-11-01",
"name": "[parameters('vmname')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"hardwareProfile": {
"vmSize": "[parameters('vmsize')]"
},
"storageProfile": {
"imageReference": {
"publisher": "Canonical",
"offer": "0001-com-ubuntu-server-jammy",
"sku": "22_04-lts-gen2",
"version": "latest"
},
"osDisk": {
"osType": "Linux",
"name": "[format('{0}_disk1', parameters('vmname'))]",
"createOption": "FromImage",
"caching": "ReadWrite",
"managedDisk": {
"storageAccountType": "Premium_LRS"
},
"diskSizeGB": 30
}
},
"osProfile": {
"computerName": "[parameters('vmname')]",
"adminUsername": "[parameters('adminusername')]",
"adminPassword": "[parameters('adminpassword')]",
"linuxConfiguration": {
"disablePasswordAuthentication": false,
"provisionVMAgent": true
},
"allowExtensionOperations": true
},
"networkProfile": {
"networkInterfaces": [
{
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', parameters('networkinterfacename'))]"
}
]
}
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', parameters('networkinterfacename'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
"apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
"name": "[parameters('vnetname')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"addressSpace": {
"addressPrefixes": [
"[parameters('vnetaddressspace')]"
]
},
"subnets": [
{
"name": "[parameters('subnetname')]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[parameters('vnetsubnetprefix')]",
"natGateway": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/natGateways', parameters('natgatewayname'))]"
},
"privateEndpointNetworkPolicies": "Enabled",
"privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies": "Enabled"
}
}
],
"enableDdosProtection": false,
"enableVmProtection": false
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/natGateways', parameters('natgatewayname'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/natGateways",
"apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
"name": "[parameters('natgatewayname')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"sku": {
"name": "Standard"
},
"properties": {
"idleTimeoutInMinutes": 4,
"publicIpAddresses": [
{
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', parameters('publicipname'))]"
}
]
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', parameters('publicipname'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets",
"apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
"name": "[format('{0}/{1}', parameters('vnetname'), 'subnet-1')]",
"properties": {
"addressPrefix": "[parameters('vnetsubnetprefix')]",
"natGateway": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/natGateways', parameters('natgatewayname'))]"
},
"privateEndpointNetworkPolicies": "Enabled",
"privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies": "Enabled"
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/natGateways', parameters('natgatewayname'))]",
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', parameters('vnetname'))]"
]
},
{
"type": "Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces",
"apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
"name": "[parameters('networkinterfacename')]",
"location": "[parameters('location')]",
"properties": {
"ipConfigurations": [
{
"name": "ipconfig-1",
"properties": {
"privateIPAddress": "10.0.0.4",
"privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
"subnet": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', parameters('vnetname'), 'subnet-1')]"
},
"primary": true,
"privateIPAddressVersion": "IPv4"
}
}
],
"enableAcceleratedNetworking": false,
"enableIPForwarding": false,
"networkSecurityGroup": {
"id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups', parameters('nsgname'))]"
}
},
"dependsOn": [
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups', parameters('nsgname'))]",
"[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', parameters('vnetname'), 'subnet-1')]"
]
}
],
"outputs": {
"location": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[parameters('location')]"
},
"name": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[parameters('natgatewayname')]"
},
"resourceGroupName": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[resourceGroup().name]"
},
"resourceId": {
"type": "string",
"value": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/natGateways', parameters('natgatewayname'))]"
}
}
}
範本中定義了九個 Azure 資源：
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups：建立網路安全性群組。
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/securityRules：建立安全性規則。
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses：建立公用 IP 位址。
Microsoft.Network/publicIPPrefixes: 建立公用 IP 首碼。
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks: 可建立虛擬網路。
Microsoft.Network/natGateways：建立 NAT 閘道資源。
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets：建立虛擬網路子網路。
部署範本
檢閱已部署的資源
登入 Azure 入口網站。
選取左側面板中的 [資源群組]。
選取您在上一節中建立的資源群組。 預設的資源組名為 myResourceGroupNAT
確認下列資源是在資源群組中建立的：
清除資源
若不再需要，可刪除資源群組、NAT 閘道和所有相關資源。 選取包含 NAT 閘道的資源群組 myResourceGroupNAT，然後選取 [刪除]。
下一步
在本快速入門中，您已建立一個：
NAT 閘道資源
虛擬網路
Ubuntu 虛擬機器
虛擬機器會部署到與 NAT 閘道相關聯的虛擬網路子網路。
若要深入了解 Azure NAT 閘道和 Azure Resource Manager，請繼續閱讀下列文章。
閱讀 NAT 閘道資源相關文章