Registry 类

参考

定义

命名空间:: Microsoft.Win32

程序集:: Microsoft.Win32.Registry.dll

程序集:: mscorlib.dll

重要

一些信息与预发行产品相关，相应产品在发行之前可能会进行重大修改。对于此处提供的信息，Microsoft 不作任何明示或暗示的担保。

提供表示 Windows 注册表中的根项的 RegistryKey 对象，并提供访问项/值对的 static 方法。

public ref class Registry abstract sealed

public ref class Registry sealed

public static class Registry

public sealed class Registry

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public static class Registry

type Registry = class

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type Registry = class

Public Class Registry

Public NotInheritable Class Registry

继承: Object
Registry

属性: ComVisibleAttribute

示例

本部分包含两个代码示例。第一个示例演示根键，第二个示例演示staticGetValue了和SetValue方法。

示例 1

下面的代码示例演示如何检索HKEY_USERS键的子项，并将其名称打印到屏幕。使用该方法 OpenSubKey 创建感兴趣的特定子项的实例。然后，可以使用其他 RegistryKey 操作来操作该键。

using namespace System;
using namespace Microsoft::Win32;
void PrintKeys( RegistryKey ^ rkey )
{
   
   // Retrieve all the subkeys for the specified key.
   array<String^>^names = rkey->GetSubKeyNames();
   int icount = 0;
   Console::WriteLine( "Subkeys of {0}", rkey->Name );
   Console::WriteLine( "-----------------------------------------------" );
   
   // Print the contents of the array to the console.
   System::Collections::IEnumerator^ enum0 = names->GetEnumerator();
   while ( enum0->MoveNext() )
   {
      String^ s = safe_cast<String^>(enum0->Current);
      Console::WriteLine( s );
      
      // The following code puts a limit on the number
      // of keys displayed.  Comment it out to print the
      // complete list.
      icount++;
      if ( icount >= 10 )
            break;
   }
}

int main()
{
   
   // Create a RegistryKey, which will access the HKEY_USERS
   // key in the registry of this machine.
   RegistryKey ^ rk = Registry::Users;
   
   // Print out the keys.
   PrintKeys( rk );
}

using System;
using Microsoft.Win32;

class Reg {
    public static void Main() {

        // Create a RegistryKey, which will access the HKEY_USERS
        // key in the registry of this machine.
        RegistryKey rk = Registry.Users;

        // Print out the keys.
        PrintKeys(rk);
    }

    static void PrintKeys(RegistryKey rkey) {

        // Retrieve all the subkeys for the specified key.
        string [] names = rkey.GetSubKeyNames();

        int icount = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("Subkeys of " + rkey.Name);
        Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------------");

        // Print the contents of the array to the console.
        foreach (string s in names) {
            Console.WriteLine(s);

            // The following code puts a limit on the number
            // of keys displayed.  Comment it out to print the
            // complete list.
            icount++;
            if (icount >= 10)
                break;
        }
    }
}

Imports Microsoft.Win32

Class Reg
    
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        
        ' Create a RegistryKey, which will access the HKEY_USERS
        ' key in the registry of this machine.
        Dim rk As RegistryKey = Registry.Users
        
        ' Print out the keys.
        PrintKeys(rk)
    End Sub    
    
    Shared Sub PrintKeys(rkey As RegistryKey)
        
        ' Retrieve all the subkeys for the specified key.
        Dim names As String() = rkey.GetSubKeyNames()
        
        Dim icount As Integer = 0
        
        Console.WriteLine("Subkeys of " & rkey.Name)
        Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------------")
        
        ' Print the contents of the array to the console.
        Dim s As String
        For Each s In  names
            Console.WriteLine(s)
            
            ' The following code puts a limit on the number
            ' of keys displayed.  Comment it out to print the
            ' complete list.
            icount += 1            
            If icount >= 10 Then
                Exit For
            End If
        Next s
    End Sub
End Class

示例 2

下面的代码示例将多个数据类型的值存储在示例键中，创建键，然后检索并显示这些值。此示例演示如何存储和检索默认 (无名称) 名称/值对，以及名称/值对不存在时使用 defaultValue 。

using namespace System;
using namespace Microsoft::Win32;

int main()
{   
    // The name of the key must include a valid root.
    String^ userRoot = "HKEY_CURRENT_USER";
    String^ subKey = "RegistrySetValueExample2";
    String^ keyName = String::Concat(userRoot, "\\", subKey);
    
    // An int value can be stored without specifying the
    // registry data type, but Int64 values will be stored
    // as strings unless you specify the type. Note that
    // the int is stored in the default name/value
    // pair.
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "", 5280);
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestInt64", 12345678901234, 
        RegistryValueKind::QWord);
    
    // Strings with expandable environment variables are
    // stored as ordinary strings unless you specify the
    // data type.
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand", "My path: %path%");
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand2", "My path: %path%", 
        RegistryValueKind::ExpandString);
    
    // Arrays of strings are stored automatically as 
    // MultiString. Similarly, arrays of Byte are stored
    // automatically as Binary.
    array<String^>^ strings  = {"One", "Two", "Three"};
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestArray", strings);
    
    // Your default value is returned if the name/value pair
    // does not exist.
    String^ noSuch = (String^)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "NoSuchName", 
        "Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.");
    Console::WriteLine("\r\nNoSuchName: {0}", noSuch);
    
    // Retrieve the int and Int64 values, specifying 
    // numeric default values in case the name/value pairs
    // do not exist. The int value is retrieved from the
    // default (nameless) name/value pair for the key.
    int testInteger = (int)Registry::GetValue(keyName, "", -1);
    Console::WriteLine("(Default): {0}", testInteger);
    long long testInt64 = (long long)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "TestInt64", System::Int64::MinValue);
    Console::WriteLine("TestInt64: {0}", testInt64);
    
    // When retrieving a MultiString value, you can specify
    // an array for the default return value. 
    array<String^>^ testArray = (array<String^>^)Registry::GetValue(
        keyName, "TestArray", 
        gcnew array<String^> {"Default if TestArray does not exist."});
    for (int i = 0; i < testArray->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("TestArray({0}): {1}", i, testArray[i]);
    }
    
    // A string with embedded environment variables is not
    // expanded if it was stored as an ordinary string.
    String^ testExpand = (String^)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "TestExpand", "Default if TestExpand does not exist.");
    Console::WriteLine("TestExpand: {0}", testExpand);
    
    // A string stored as ExpandString is expanded.
    String^ testExpand2 = (String^)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "TestExpand2", "Default if TestExpand2 does not exist.");
    Console::WriteLine(
        "TestExpand2: {0}...", testExpand2->Substring(0, 40));
    Console::WriteLine(
        "\r\nUse the registry editor to examine the key.");
    Console::WriteLine("Press the Enter key to delete the key.");
    Console::ReadLine();
    Registry::CurrentUser->DeleteSubKey(subKey);
}
//
// This code example produces output similar to the following:
//
// NoSuchName: Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.
// (Default): 5280
// TestInt64: 12345678901234
// TestArray(0): One
// TestArray(1): Two
// TestArray(2): Three
// TestExpand: My path: %path%
// TestExpand2: My path: D:\Program Files\Microsoft.NET\...
//
// Use the registry editor to examine the key.
// Press the Enter key to delete the key.

using System;
using Microsoft.Win32;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // The name of the key must include a valid root.
        const string userRoot = "HKEY_CURRENT_USER";
        const string subkey = "RegistrySetValueExample";
        const string keyName = userRoot + "\\" + subkey;

        // An int value can be stored without specifying the
        // registry data type, but long values will be stored
        // as strings unless you specify the type. Note that
        // the int is stored in the default name/value
        // pair.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "", 5280);
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestLong", 12345678901234,
            RegistryValueKind.QWord);

        // Strings with expandable environment variables are
        // stored as ordinary strings unless you specify the
        // data type.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand", "My path: %path%");
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand2", "My path: %path%",
            RegistryValueKind.ExpandString);

        // Arrays of strings are stored automatically as
        // MultiString. Similarly, arrays of Byte are stored
        // automatically as Binary.
        string[] strings = {"One", "Two", "Three"};
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestArray", strings);

        // Your default value is returned if the name/value pair
        // does not exist.
        string noSuch = (string) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
            "NoSuchName",
            "Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.");
        Console.WriteLine("\r\nNoSuchName: {0}", noSuch);

        // Retrieve the int and long values, specifying
        // numeric default values in case the name/value pairs
        // do not exist. The int value is retrieved from the
        // default (nameless) name/value pair for the key.
        int tInteger = (int) Registry.GetValue(keyName, "", -1);
        Console.WriteLine("(Default): {0}", tInteger);
        long tLong = (long) Registry.GetValue(keyName, "TestLong",
            long.MinValue);
        Console.WriteLine("TestLong: {0}", tLong);

        // When retrieving a MultiString value, you can specify
        // an array for the default return value.
        string[] tArray = (string[]) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
            "TestArray",
            new string[] {"Default if TestArray does not exist."});
        for(int i=0; i<tArray.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("TestArray({0}): {1}", i, tArray[i]);
        }

        // A string with embedded environment variables is not
        // expanded if it was stored as an ordinary string.
        string tExpand = (string) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
             "TestExpand",
             "Default if TestExpand does not exist.");
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand: {0}", tExpand);

        // A string stored as ExpandString is expanded.
        string tExpand2 = (string) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
            "TestExpand2",
            "Default if TestExpand2 does not exist.");
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand2: {0}...",
            tExpand2.Substring(0, 40));

        Console.WriteLine("\r\nUse the registry editor to examine the key.");
        Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to delete the key.");
        Console.ReadLine();
        Registry.CurrentUser.DeleteSubKey(subkey);
    }
}
//
// This code example produces output similar to the following:
//
//NoSuchName: Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.
//(Default): 5280
//TestLong: 12345678901234
//TestArray(0): One
//TestArray(1): Two
//TestArray(2): Three
//TestExpand: My path: %path%
//TestExpand2: My path: D:\Program Files\Microsoft.NET\...
//
//Use the registry editor to examine the key.
//Press the Enter key to delete the key.

Imports Microsoft.Win32

Public Class Example
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' The name of the key must include a valid root.
        Const userRoot As String = "HKEY_CURRENT_USER"
        Const subkey As String = "RegistrySetValueExample"
        Const keyName As String = userRoot & "\" & subkey

        ' Integer values can be stored without specifying the
        ' registry data type, but Long values will be stored
        ' as strings unless you specify the type. Note that
        ' the integer is stored in the default name/value
        ' pair.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "", 5280)
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestLong", 12345678901234, _
            RegistryValueKind.QWord)

        ' Strings with expandable environment variables are
        ' stored as ordinary strings unless you specify the
        ' data type.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand", "My path: %path%")
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand2", "My path: %path%", _
            RegistryValueKind.ExpandString)

        ' Arrays of strings are stored automatically as 
        ' MultiString. Similarly, arrays of Byte are stored
        ' automatically as Binary.
        Dim strings() As String = {"One", "Two", "Three"}
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestArray", strings)

        ' Your default value is returned if the name/value pair
        ' does not exist.
        Dim noSuch As String = _
            Registry.GetValue(keyName, "NoSuchName", _
            "Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.")
        Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "NoSuchName: {0}", noSuch)

        ' Retrieve the Integer and Long values, specifying 
        ' numeric default values in case the name/value pairs
        ' do not exist. The Integer value is retrieved from the
        ' default (nameless) name/value pair for the key.
        Dim tInteger As Integer = _
            Registry.GetValue(keyName, "", -1)
        Console.WriteLine("(Default): {0}", tInteger)
        Dim tLong As Long = Registry.GetValue(keyName, _
             "TestLong", Long.MinValue)
        Console.WriteLine("TestLong: {0}", tLong)

        ' When retrieving a MultiString value, you can specify
        ' an array for the default return value. The value is
        ' declared inline, but could also be declared as:
        ' Dim default() As String = {"Default value."}
        '
        Dim tArray() As String = _
            Registry.GetValue(keyName, "TestArray", _
            New String() {"Default if TestArray does not exist."})
        For i As Integer = 0 To tArray.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("TestArray({0}): {1}", i, tArray(i))
        Next

        ' A string with embedded environment variables is not
        ' expanded if it was stored as an ordinary string.
        Dim tExpand As String = Registry.GetValue(keyName, _
             "TestExpand", "Default if TestExpand does not exist.")
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand: {0}", tExpand)

        ' A string stored as ExpandString is expanded.
        Dim tExpand2 As String = Registry.GetValue(keyName, _
             "TestExpand2", "Default if TestExpand2 does not exist.")
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand2: {0}...", _
            tExpand2.Substring(0, 40))

        Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & _
            "Use the registry editor to examine the key.")
        Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to delete the key.")
        Console.ReadLine()
        Registry.CurrentUser.DeleteSubKey(subkey)
    End Sub
End Class
'
' This code example produces output similar to the following:
'
'NoSuchName: Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.
'(Default): 5280
'TestLong: 12345678901234
'TestArray(0): One
'TestArray(1): Two
'TestArray(2): Three
'TestExpand: My path: %path%
'TestExpand2: My path: D:\Program Files\Microsoft.NET\...
'
'Use the registry editor to examine the key.
'Press the Enter key to delete the key.

注解

此类提供运行Windows的计算机上的注册表中找到的标准根键集。注册表是一种存储设施，用于有关应用程序、用户和默认系统设置的信息。例如，应用程序可以使用注册表来存储在关闭应用程序后需要保留的信息，并在重新加载应用程序时访问相同的信息。例如，可以存储颜色首选项、屏幕位置或窗口的大小。可以通过将信息存储在注册表中的不同位置来控制每个用户的此数据。

类公开Registry的基实例或根RegistryKey实例描述注册表中子项和值的基本存储机制。所有密钥都是只读的，因为注册表依赖于它们的存在。公开的 Registry 密钥包括：

CurrentUser 存储有关用户首选项的信息。

LocalMachine 存储本地计算机的配置信息。

ClassesRoot 存储有关类型的信息 (和类) 及其属性。

Users 存储有关默认用户配置的信息。

PerformanceData 存储软件组件的性能信息。

CurrentConfig 存储非用户特定的硬件信息。

DynData 存储动态数据。

确定要从注册表中存储/检索信息的根密钥后，可以使用 RegistryKey 类添加或删除子项，并操作给定键的值。

硬件设备可以使用即插即用接口自动将信息放置在注册表中。用于安装设备驱动程序的软件可以通过写入标准 API 将信息放入注册表中。

用于获取和设置值的静态方法

该 Registry 类还包含 static GetValue SetValue 用于设置和检索注册表项中的值的方法。每次使用它们时，这些方法都会打开和关闭注册表项，因此在访问大量值时，它们不会在类中 RegistryKey 执行类似的方法。

该RegistryKey类还提供了一种方法，用于设置注册表项的Windows访问控制安全性、在检索值之前测试值的数据类型以及删除密钥。

字段

ClassesRoot	定义文档的类型（或类）以及与那些类型关联的属性。该字段读取 Windows 注册表基项 HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT。
CurrentConfig	包含有关非用户特定的硬件的配置信息。该字段读取 Windows 注册表基项 HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG。
CurrentUser	包含有关当前用户首选项的信息。此字段读取 Windows 注册表基项 HKEY_CURRENT_USER。
DynData	已过时。已过时。包含动态注册表数据。该字段读取 Windows 注册表基项 HKEY_DYN_DATA。
LocalMachine	包含本地计算机的配置数据。该字段读取 Windows 注册表基项 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE。
PerformanceData	包含软件组件的性能信息。该字段读取 Windows 注册表基项 HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA。
Users	包含有关默认用户配置的信息。该字段读取 Windows 注册表基项 HKEY_USERS。

方法

GetValue(String, String, Object)	检索与指定的注册表项中的指定名称关联的值。如果在指定的项中未找到该名称，则返回您提供的默认值；或者，如果指定的项不存在，则返回 `null`。
SetValue(String, String, Object)	设置指定的注册表项的指定名称/值对。如果指定的项不存在，则创建该项。
SetValue(String, String, Object, RegistryValueKind)	通过使用指定的注册表数据类型，设置该指定的注册表项的名称/值对。如果指定的项不存在，则创建该项。

适用于

Registry 类

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定义

示例

注解

用于获取和设置值的静态方法

字段

方法

适用于

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