ArrayList.Item[Int32] 属性

定义

命名空间:

System.Collections

程序集:

System.Runtime.dll

Source:

ArrayList.cs

获取或设置指定索引处的元素。

public:
 virtual property System::Object ^ default[int] { System::Object ^ get(int index); void set(int index, System::Object ^ value); };

public virtual object? this[int index] { get; set; }

member this.Item(int) : obj with get, set

Default Public Overridable Property Item(index As Integer) As Object

参数

index

Int32

要获取或设置的元素的从零开始的索引。

属性值

Object

指定索引处的元素。

实现

Item[Int32]

例外

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index 小于零。

或

index 等于或大于 Count。

示例

下面的代码示例创建 并 ArrayList 添加多个项。 该示例演示如何使用 C#) 中的索引器 (属性访问元素 Item[] ，并通过为指定索引的属性分配新值来 Item[] 更改元素。 该示例还显示， Item[] 属性不能用于访问或添加列表当前大小之外的元素。

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class Example
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        // Create an empty ArrayList, and add some elements.
        ArrayList^ stringList = gcnew ArrayList();

        stringList->Add("a");
        stringList->Add("abc");
        stringList->Add("abcdef");
        stringList->Add("abcdefg");

        // The Item property is an indexer, so the property name is
        // not required.
        Console::WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"", 2, stringList[2]);

        // Assigning a value to the property changes the value of
        // the indexed element.
        stringList[2] = "abcd";
        Console::WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"", 2, stringList[2]);

        // Accessing an element outside the current element count
        // causes an exception.
        Console::WriteLine("Number of elements in the list: {0}", 
            stringList->Count);
        try
        {
            Console::WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"", 
                stringList->Count, stringList[stringList->Count]);
        }
        catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException^ aoore)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("stringList({0}) is out of range.", 
                stringList->Count);
        }

        // You cannot use the Item property to add new elements.
        try
        {
            stringList[stringList->Count] = "42";
        }
        catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException^ aoore)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("stringList({0}) is out of range.", 
                stringList->Count);
        }

        Console::WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < stringList->Count; i++)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"", i, 
                stringList[i]);
        }

        Console::WriteLine();
        for each (Object^ o in stringList)
        {
            Console::WriteLine(o);
        }
    }
};

int main()
{
   Example::Main();
}
/*
 This code example produces the following output:

Element 2 is "abcdef"
Element 2 is "abcd"
Number of elements in the list: 4
stringList(4) is out of range.
stringList(4) is out of range.

Element 0 is "a"
Element 1 is "abc"
Element 2 is "abcd"
Element 3 is "abcdefg"

a
abc
abcd
abcdefg
 */

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create an empty ArrayList, and add some elements.
        ArrayList stringList = new ArrayList();

        stringList.Add("a");
        stringList.Add("abc");
        stringList.Add("abcdef");
        stringList.Add("abcdefg");

        // The Item property is an indexer, so the property name is
        // not required.
        Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"", 2, stringList[2]);

        // Assigning a value to the property changes the value of
        // the indexed element.
        stringList[2] = "abcd";
        Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"", 2, stringList[2]);

        // Accessing an element outside the current element count
        // causes an exception.
        Console.WriteLine("Number of elements in the list: {0}",
            stringList.Count);
        try
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"",
                stringList.Count, stringList[stringList.Count]);
        }
        catch(ArgumentOutOfRangeException aoore)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("stringList({0}) is out of range.",
                stringList.Count);
        }

        // You cannot use the Item property to add new elements.
        try
        {
            stringList[stringList.Count] = "42";
        }
        catch(ArgumentOutOfRangeException aoore)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("stringList({0}) is out of range.",
                stringList.Count);
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < stringList.Count; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is \"{1}\"", i,
                stringList[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach (object o in stringList)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(o);
        }
    }
}
/*
 This code example produces the following output:

Element 2 is "abcdef"
Element 2 is "abcd"
Number of elements in the list: 4
stringList(4) is out of range.
stringList(4) is out of range.

Element 0 is "a"
Element 1 is "abc"
Element 2 is "abcd"
Element 3 is "abcdefg"

a
abc
abcd
abcdefg
 */

Imports System.Collections

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main

        ' Create an empty ArrayList, and add some elements.
        Dim stringList As New ArrayList

        stringList.Add("a")
        stringList.Add("abc")
        stringList.Add("abcdef")
        stringList.Add("abcdefg")

        ' Item is the default property, so the property name is
        ' not required.
        Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is ""{1}""", 2, stringList(2))

        ' Assigning a value to the property changes the value of
        ' the indexed element.
        stringList(2) = "abcd"
        Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is ""{1}""", 2, stringList(2))

        ' Accessing an element outside the current element count
        ' causes an exception. The ArrayList index is zero-based,
        ' so the index of the last element is (Count - 1). 
        Console.WriteLine("Number of elements in the list: {0}", _
            stringList.Count)
        Try
            Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is ""{1}""", _
                stringList.Count, _
                stringList(stringList.Count))
        Catch aoore As ArgumentOutOfRangeException
            Console.WriteLine("stringList({0}) is out of range.", _
                stringList.Count)
        End Try

        ' You cannot use the Item property to add new elements.
        Try
            stringList(stringList.Count) = "42"
        Catch aoore As ArgumentOutOfRangeException
            Console.WriteLine("stringList({0}) is out of range.", _
                stringList.Count)
        End Try

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To stringList.Count - 1
            Console.WriteLine("Element {0} is ""{1}""", i, stringList(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each o As Object In stringList
            Console.WriteLine(o)
        Next

    End Sub

End Class
'
' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Element 2 is "abcdef"
'Element 2 is "abcd"
'Number of elements in the list: 4
'stringList(4) is out of range.
'stringList(4) is out of range.
'
'Element 0 is "a"
'Element 1 is "abc"
'Element 2 is "abcd"
'Element 3 is "abcdefg"
'
'a
'abc
'abcd
'abcdefg

以下示例使用 Item[] 属性显式为列表中的项赋值。 该示例定义一个继承 ArrayList 的类，并添加一个用于对列表项进行乱码的方法。

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class ScrambleList : public ArrayList
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        // Create an empty ArrayList, and add some elements.
        ScrambleList^ integerList = gcnew ScrambleList();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            integerList->Add(i);
        }

        Console::WriteLine("Ordered:\n");
        for each (int value in integerList)
        {
            Console::Write("{0}, ", value);
        }
        Console::WriteLine("<end>\n\nScrambled:\n");

        // Scramble the order of the items in the list.
        integerList->Scramble();

        for each (int value in integerList)
        {
            Console::Write("{0}, ", value);
        }
        Console::WriteLine("<end>\n");
    }

    void Scramble()
    {
        int limit = this->Count;
        int temp;
        int swapindex;
        Random^ rnd = gcnew Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++)
        {
            // The Item property of ArrayList is the default indexer. Thus,
            // this->default[i] and this[i] are used interchangeably.
            temp = (int)this->default[i];
            swapindex = rnd->Next(0, limit - 1);
            this[i] = this->default[swapindex];
            this[swapindex] = temp;
        }
    }
};

int main()
{
    ScrambleList::Main();
}
// The program produces output similar to the following:
//
// Ordered:
//
// 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, <end>
//
// Scrambled:
//
// 5, 2, 8, 9, 6, 1, 7, 0, 4, 3, <end>

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class ScrambleList : ArrayList
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Create an empty ArrayList, and add some elements.
        ScrambleList integerList = new ScrambleList();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            integerList.Add(i);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("Ordered:\n");
        foreach (int value in integerList)
        {
            Console.Write("{0}, ", value);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("<end>\n\nScrambled:\n");

        // Scramble the order of the items in the list.
        integerList.Scramble();

        foreach (int value in integerList)
        {
            Console.Write("{0}, ", value);
        }
        Console.WriteLine("<end>\n");
    }

    public void Scramble()
    {
        int limit = this.Count;
        int temp;
        int swapindex;
        Random rnd = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++)
        {
            // The Item property of ArrayList is the default indexer. Thus,
            // this[i] is used instead of Item[i].
            temp = (int)this[i];
            swapindex = rnd.Next(0, limit - 1);
            this[i] = this[swapindex];
            this[swapindex] = temp;
        }
    }
}

// The program produces output similar to the following:
//
// Ordered:
//
// 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, <end>
//
// Scrambled:
//
// 5, 2, 8, 9, 6, 1, 7, 0, 4, 3, <end>

Imports System.Collections

Public Class ScrambleList
    Inherits ArrayList

    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Create an empty ArrayList, and add some elements.
        Dim integerList As New ScrambleList()

        For i As Integer = 0 To 9
            integerList.Add(i)
        Next i

        Console.WriteLine("Ordered:" + Environment.NewLine)
        For Each value As Integer In integerList
            Console.Write("{0}, ", value)
        Next value
        Console.WriteLine("<end>" + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine + "Scrambled:" + Environment.NewLine)

        ' Scramble the order of the items in the list.
        integerList.Scramble()

        For Each value As Integer In integerList
            Console.Write("{0}, ", value)
        Next value
        Console.WriteLine("<end>" + Environment.NewLine)
    End Sub

    Public Sub Scramble()
        Dim limit As Integer = MyClass.Count
        Dim temp As Integer
        Dim swapindex As Integer
        Dim rnd As New Random()
        For i As Integer = 0 To limit - 1
            ' The Item property of ArrayList is the default indexer. Thus,
            ' Me(i) and MyClass.Item(i) are used interchangeably.
            temp = CType(Me(i), Integer)
            swapindex = rnd.Next(0, limit - 1)
            MyClass.Item(i) = Me(swapindex)
            MyClass.Item(swapindex) = temp
        Next i
    End Sub
End Class

' The program produces output similar to the following:
'
' Ordered:
'
' 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, <end>
'
' Scrambled:
'
' 5, 2, 8, 9, 6, 1, 7, 0, 4, 3, <end>

注解

Item[] 返回 Object，因此，您可能需要将返回的值强制转换为原始类型以便对其进行操作。 请务必注意，ArrayList 不是个强类型集合。 有关强类型替代项，请参见 List<T>。

ArrayList 接受 null 为有效值，并允许重复的元素。

通过此属性，可以使用以下语法来访问集合中的特定元素：myCollection[index]。

C# 语言使用 this 关键字来定义索引器，而不是实现 Item[] 属性。 Visual Basic 将 Item[] 实现为默认属性，该属性提供相同的索引功能。

检索此属性的值是一个 O(1) 操作;设置属性也是一个 O(1) 操作。

另请参阅

• Count