Directory.GetFileSystemEntries 方法

定义

命名空间:

System.IO

程序集:

System.Runtime.dll

返回满足指定条件的所有文件和子目录的名称。

重载

GetFileSystemEntries(String)	返回指定路径中的所有文件和子目录的名称。
GetFileSystemEntries(String, String)	返回一个数组，其中包含与指定路径中的搜索模式相匹配的文件名和目录名称。
GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, EnumerationOptions)	返回指定路径中与搜索模式和枚举选项匹配的文件名和目录名的数组。
GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, SearchOption)	返回指定路径中与搜索模式匹配的所有文件名和目录名的数组，还可以搜索子目录。

GetFileSystemEntries(String)

Source:

Directory.cs

返回指定路径中的所有文件和子目录的名称。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String) As String()

参数

path

String

要搜索的目录的相对或绝对路径。 此字符串不区分大小写。

返回

String[]

指定目录中的文件和子目录的名称的数组；如果找不到任何文件或子目录，则为空数组。

例外

UnauthorizedAccessException

调用方没有所要求的权限。

ArgumentException

.NET Framework 和 2.1 之前的 .NET Core 版本：path是一个零长度字符串，仅包含空格，或者包含一个或多个无效字符。 你可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 查询无效字符。

ArgumentNullException

path 为 null。

PathTooLongException

指定的路径和/或文件名超过了系统定义的最大长度。

IOException

path 是一个文件名。

DirectoryNotFoundException

指定的路径无效（例如，它位于未映射的驱动器上）。

示例

以下示例使用 GetFileSystemEntries 方法使用用户指定位置中所有文件和子目录的名称填充字符串数组，并将数组中的每个字符串打印到控制台。 该示例配置为捕获此方法常见的所有错误。

using namespace System;
class Class1
{
public:
   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }

   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path, String^ pattern )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
         // path that match the pattern.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path, pattern );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }


   // Print out all logical drives on the system.
   void GetLogicalDrives()
   {
      try
      {
         array<String^>^drives = System::IO::Directory::GetLogicalDrives();
         for ( int i = 0; i < drives->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( drives[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An I/O error occurs." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }

   }

   void GetParent( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::DirectoryInfo^ directoryInfo = System::IO::Directory::GetParent( path );
         System::Console::WriteLine( directoryInfo->FullName );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, or \HelloServer'                  contains invalid characters." );
      }

   }

   void Move( String^ sourcePath, String^ destinationPath )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::Directory::Move( sourcePath, destinationPath );
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The directory move is complete." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An attempt was made to move a \HelloServer'                  directory to a different \HelloServer'                  volume, or destDirName \HelloServer'                  already exists." );
      }

   }

};

int main()
{
   Class1 * snippets = new Class1;
   String^ path = System::IO::Directory::GetCurrentDirectory();
   String^ filter =  "*.exe";
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path );
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path, filter );
   snippets->GetLogicalDrives();
   snippets->GetParent( path );
   snippets->Move(  "C:\\proof",  "C:\\Temp" );
   return 0;
}

using System;

namespace GetFileSystemEntries
{
    class Class1
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Class1 snippets = new Class1();

            string path = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
            string filter = "*.exe";

            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path);
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter);		
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives();
            snippets.GetParent(path);
            snippets.Move("C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp");
        }

        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path)
        {
            
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }
        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path, string pattern)
        {
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                // path that match the pattern.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }

        // Print out all logical drives on the system.
        void GetLogicalDrives()
        {
            try
            {
                string[] drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives();

                foreach (string str in drives)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
        }
        void GetParent(string path)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.DirectoryInfo directoryInfo =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path);

                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName);
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, or " +
                    "contains invalid characters.");
            }
        }
        void Move(string sourcePath, string destinationPath)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath);
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");	
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " +
                    "directory to a different " +
                    "volume, or destDirName " +
                    "already exists.");
            }
        }
    }
}

open System
open System.IO
open System.Security

let printFileSystemEntries path =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries path

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with 
    | :? ArgumentNullException ->
        printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException ->
        printfn $"The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException ->
        printfn $"Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException ->
        printfn $"The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

let printFileSystemEntriesPattern path pattern =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
        // path that match the pattern.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException -> printfn "The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

// Print out all logical drives on the system.
let getLogicalDrives () =
    try
        let drives = Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

        for str in drives do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An I/O error occurs."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."

let getParent path =
    try
        let directoryInfo = Directory.GetParent path
        printfn $"{directoryInfo.FullName}"

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."

let move sourcePath destinationPath =
    try
        Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
        printfn "The directory move is complete."

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An attempt was made to move a directory to a different volume, or destDirName already exists."

let path = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
let filter = "*.exe"

printFileSystemEntries path
printFileSystemEntriesPattern path filter
getLogicalDrives ()
getParent path
move "C:\\proof" "C:\\Temp"

Option Explicit On 
Option Strict On

Namespace GetFileSystemEntries
    Class Class1
        Overloads Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
            Dim snippets As New Class1()
            Dim path As String = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
            Dim filter As String = "*.exe"
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path)
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter)
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives()
            snippets.GetParent(path)
            snippets.Move("C:\proof", "C:\Temp")
        End Sub

        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path)
                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String, _
                                   ByVal pattern As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                ' path that match the pattern.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = _
                   System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub

        ' Print out all logical drives on the system.
        Sub GetLogicalDrives()
            Try
                Dim drives As String()
                drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In drives
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub GetParent(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                Dim directoryInfo As System.IO.DirectoryInfo
                directoryInfo = System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path)
                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName)
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                     "contains only white spaces, or " + _
                                     "contains invalid characters.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub Move(ByVal sourcePath As String, ByVal destinationPath As String)
            Try
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " + _
                                        "directory to a different " + _
                                        "volume, or destDirName " + _
                                        "already exists.")
            End Try
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace

注解

无法保证返回的文件和目录名称的顺序;如果需要特定的排序顺序， Sort 请使用 方法。

EnumerateFileSystemEntries和 GetFileSystemEntries 方法的不同之处如下：使用 EnumerateFileSystemEntries时，可以在返回整个集合之前开始枚举条目集合;使用 GetFileSystemEntries时，必须等待整个条目数组返回，然后才能访问数组。 因此，在使用许多文件和目录时， EnumerateFileSystemEntries 可以更高效。

此方法与 GetFileSystemEntries 指定为搜索模式的星号 (*) 相同。

允许 path 参数指定相对或绝对路径信息。 相对路径信息解释为相对于当前工作目录。 若要获取当前工作目录，请参阅 GetCurrentDirectory。

参数的 path 区分大小写对应于运行代码的文件系统的区分大小写。 例如，它在 NTFS 上不区分大小写， (默认 Windows 文件系统) ，Linux 文件系统上区分大小写。

有关常见 I/O 任务的列表，请参阅 常见 I/O 任务。

另请参阅

• FileSystemWatcher
• FileSystemInfo
• 文件和流 I/O
• 如何：从文件中读取文本
• 如何：将文本写入文件

GetFileSystemEntries(String, String)

Source:

Directory.cs

返回一个数组，其中包含与指定路径中的搜索模式相匹配的文件名和目录名称。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path, System::String ^ searchPattern);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path, string searchPattern);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string * string -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String, searchPattern As String) As String()

参数

path

String

要搜索的目录的相对或绝对路径。 此字符串不区分大小写。

searchPattern

String

要与 path 中的文件和目录的名称匹配的搜索字符串。 此参数可以包含有效文本路径和通配符（* 和 ?）的组合，但不支持正则表达式。

返回

String[]

与指定的搜索条件匹配的文件名和目录名的数组；如果找不到任何文件或目录，则为空数组。

例外

UnauthorizedAccessException

调用方没有所要求的权限。

ArgumentException

.NET Framework 和 2.1 之前的 .NET Core 版本：path是一个零长度字符串，仅包含空格，或者包含一个或多个无效字符。 你可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 方法查询无效字符。

- 或 -

searchPattern 不包含有效模式。

ArgumentNullException

path 或 searchPattern 为 null。

PathTooLongException

指定的路径和/或文件名超过了系统定义的最大长度。

IOException

path 是一个文件名。

DirectoryNotFoundException

指定的路径无效（例如，它位于未映射的驱动器上）。

示例

以下示例使用 GetFileSystemEntries 方法使用特定位置中与用户指定的筛选器匹配的所有文件的名称填充字符串数组，并将数组中的每个字符串打印到控制台。 该示例配置为捕获此方法常见的所有错误。

using namespace System;
class Class1
{
public:
   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }

   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path, String^ pattern )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
         // path that match the pattern.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path, pattern );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }


   // Print out all logical drives on the system.
   void GetLogicalDrives()
   {
      try
      {
         array<String^>^drives = System::IO::Directory::GetLogicalDrives();
         for ( int i = 0; i < drives->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( drives[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An I/O error occurs." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }

   }

   void GetParent( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::DirectoryInfo^ directoryInfo = System::IO::Directory::GetParent( path );
         System::Console::WriteLine( directoryInfo->FullName );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, or \HelloServer'                  contains invalid characters." );
      }

   }

   void Move( String^ sourcePath, String^ destinationPath )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::Directory::Move( sourcePath, destinationPath );
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The directory move is complete." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An attempt was made to move a \HelloServer'                  directory to a different \HelloServer'                  volume, or destDirName \HelloServer'                  already exists." );
      }

   }

};

int main()
{
   Class1 * snippets = new Class1;
   String^ path = System::IO::Directory::GetCurrentDirectory();
   String^ filter =  "*.exe";
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path );
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path, filter );
   snippets->GetLogicalDrives();
   snippets->GetParent( path );
   snippets->Move(  "C:\\proof",  "C:\\Temp" );
   return 0;
}

using System;

namespace GetFileSystemEntries
{
    class Class1
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Class1 snippets = new Class1();

            string path = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
            string filter = "*.exe";

            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path);
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter);		
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives();
            snippets.GetParent(path);
            snippets.Move("C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp");
        }

        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path)
        {
            
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }
        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path, string pattern)
        {
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                // path that match the pattern.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }

        // Print out all logical drives on the system.
        void GetLogicalDrives()
        {
            try
            {
                string[] drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives();

                foreach (string str in drives)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
        }
        void GetParent(string path)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.DirectoryInfo directoryInfo =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path);

                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName);
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, or " +
                    "contains invalid characters.");
            }
        }
        void Move(string sourcePath, string destinationPath)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath);
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");	
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " +
                    "directory to a different " +
                    "volume, or destDirName " +
                    "already exists.");
            }
        }
    }
}

open System
open System.IO
open System.Security

let printFileSystemEntries path =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries path

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with 
    | :? ArgumentNullException ->
        printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException ->
        printfn $"The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException ->
        printfn $"Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException ->
        printfn $"The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

let printFileSystemEntriesPattern path pattern =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
        // path that match the pattern.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException -> printfn "The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

// Print out all logical drives on the system.
let getLogicalDrives () =
    try
        let drives = Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

        for str in drives do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An I/O error occurs."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."

let getParent path =
    try
        let directoryInfo = Directory.GetParent path
        printfn $"{directoryInfo.FullName}"

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."

let move sourcePath destinationPath =
    try
        Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
        printfn "The directory move is complete."

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An attempt was made to move a directory to a different volume, or destDirName already exists."

let path = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
let filter = "*.exe"

printFileSystemEntries path
printFileSystemEntriesPattern path filter
getLogicalDrives ()
getParent path
move "C:\\proof" "C:\\Temp"

Option Explicit On 
Option Strict On

Namespace GetFileSystemEntries
    Class Class1
        Overloads Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
            Dim snippets As New Class1()
            Dim path As String = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
            Dim filter As String = "*.exe"
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path)
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter)
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives()
            snippets.GetParent(path)
            snippets.Move("C:\proof", "C:\Temp")
        End Sub

        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path)
                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String, _
                                   ByVal pattern As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                ' path that match the pattern.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = _
                   System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub

        ' Print out all logical drives on the system.
        Sub GetLogicalDrives()
            Try
                Dim drives As String()
                drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In drives
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub GetParent(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                Dim directoryInfo As System.IO.DirectoryInfo
                directoryInfo = System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path)
                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName)
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                     "contains only white spaces, or " + _
                                     "contains invalid characters.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub Move(ByVal sourcePath As String, ByVal destinationPath As String)
            Try
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " + _
                                        "directory to a different " + _
                                        "volume, or destDirName " + _
                                        "already exists.")
            End Try
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace

注解

无法保证返回的文件和目录名称的顺序;如果需要特定的排序顺序， Sort 请使用 方法。

searchPattern 可以是文本和通配符的组合，但它不支持正则表达式。 允许在 中 searchPattern使用以下通配符说明符。

通配符说明符	匹配
*（星号）	该位置的零个或多个字符。
? （问号）	恰好是该位置中的一个字符。

通配符以外的字符是文本字符。 例如， searchPattern 字符串“*t”搜索以字母“t”结尾的所有名称 path 。 字符串 searchPattern “s*”搜索以字母“s”开头的所有名称 path 。

searchPattern 不能以两个句点结束， (.”) 或包含两个句点 (.”) 后 DirectorySeparatorChar 跟 或 AltDirectorySeparatorChar，也不能包含任何无效字符。 你可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars 方法查询无效字符。

注意

在（例如“*.txt”）中使用 searchPattern 星号通配符时，指定扩展名中的字符数会影响搜索，如下所示：

• 如果指定的扩展名恰好为三个字符，则 该方法返回扩展名以指定扩展名开头的文件。 例如，“*.xls”返回“book.xls”和“book.xlsx”。
• 在所有其他情况下，方法返回与指定扩展名完全匹配的文件。 例如，“*.ai”返回“file.ai”，但不返回“file.aif”。

使用问号通配符时，此方法仅返回与指定文件扩展名匹配的文件。 例如，给定目录中的两个文件“file1.txt”和“file1.txtother”，“file？.txt”搜索模式仅返回第一个文件，而“file*.txt”搜索模式返回这两个文件。

允许 path 参数指定相对或绝对路径信息。 相对路径信息解释为相对于当前工作目录。 若要获取当前工作目录，请参阅 GetCurrentDirectory。

参数的 path 区分大小写对应于运行代码的文件系统的区分大小写。 例如，它在 NTFS 上不区分大小写， (默认 Windows 文件系统) ，Linux 文件系统上区分大小写。

有关常见 I/O 任务的列表，请参阅 常见 I/O 任务。

另请参阅

• FileSystemInfo
• FileSystemWatcher
• 文件和流 I/O
• 如何：从文件中读取文本
• 如何：将文本写入文件

GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, EnumerationOptions)

Source:

Directory.cs

返回指定路径中与搜索模式和枚举选项匹配的文件名和目录名的数组。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path, System::String ^ searchPattern, System::IO::EnumerationOptions ^ enumerationOptions);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path, string searchPattern, System.IO.EnumerationOptions enumerationOptions);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string * string * System.IO.EnumerationOptions -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String, searchPattern As String, enumerationOptions As EnumerationOptions) As String()

参数

path

String

要搜索的目录的相对或绝对路径。 此字符串不区分大小写。

searchPattern

String

要与 path 中的子目录的名称匹配的搜索字符串。 此参数可以包含有效文本和通配符的组合，但不支持正则表达式。

enumerationOptions

EnumerationOptions

描述要使用的搜索和枚举配置的对象。

返回

String[]

一个数组，它包含与指定的搜索模式和枚举选项匹配的文件名和目录名；如果找不到任何文件或目录，则为空数组。

例外

UnauthorizedAccessException

调用方没有所要求的权限。

ArgumentException

.NET Framework 和 2.1 之前的 .NET Core 版本：path是一个零长度字符串，仅包含空格，或者包含一个或多个无效字符。 你可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 方法查询无效字符。

- 或 -

searchPattern 不包含有效模式。

ArgumentNullException

path 或 searchPattern 为 null。

PathTooLongException

指定的路径和/或文件名超过了系统定义的最大长度。

IOException

path 是一个文件名。

DirectoryNotFoundException

指定的路径无效（例如，它位于未映射的驱动器上）。

注解

无法保证返回的文件和目录名称的顺序;如果需要特定的排序顺序， Sort 请使用 方法。

searchPattern 可以是文本和通配符的组合，但它不支持正则表达式。 中 searchPattern允许使用以下通配符说明符。

通配符说明符	匹配
*（星号）	该位置的零个或多个字符。
? （问号）	恰好在该位置有一个字符。

通配符以外的字符是文本字符。 例如， searchPattern 字符串“*t”搜索以字母“t”结尾的所有名称 path 。 字符串 searchPattern “s*”搜索以字母“s”开头的所有名称 path 。

searchPattern 不能以两个句点结束， (.”) 或包含两个句点 (“.”) 后 DirectorySeparatorChar 跟 或 AltDirectorySeparatorChar，也不能包含任何无效字符。 你可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars 方法查询无效字符。

注意

在 （如“*.txt”）中使用 searchPattern 星号通配符时，指定扩展名中的字符数会影响搜索，如下所示：

• 如果指定的扩展名正好为三个字符，该方法将返回扩展名以指定扩展名开头的文件。 例如，“*.xls”同时返回“book.xls”和“book.xlsx”。
• 在所有其他情况下， 方法返回与指定扩展名完全匹配的文件。 例如，“*.ai”返回“file.ai”，但不返回“file.aif”。

使用问号通配符时，此方法仅返回与指定文件扩展名匹配的文件。 例如，给定目录中的两个文件“file1.txt”和“file1.txtother”，“file？.txt”搜索模式仅返回第一个文件，而“file*.txt”搜索模式返回这两个文件。

允许 path 参数指定相对路径信息或绝对路径信息。 相对路径信息被解释为相对于当前工作目录。 若要获取当前工作目录，请参阅 GetCurrentDirectory。

参数的 path 区分大小写对应于运行代码的文件系统的区分大小写。 例如，它在 NTFS 上不区分大小写， (默认 Windows 文件系统) ，在 Linux 文件系统上区分大小写。

有关常见 I/O 任务的列表，请参阅 常见 I/O 任务。

GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, SearchOption)

Source:

Directory.cs

返回指定路径中与搜索模式匹配的所有文件名和目录名的数组，还可以搜索子目录。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path, System::String ^ searchPattern, System::IO::SearchOption searchOption);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path, string searchPattern, System.IO.SearchOption searchOption);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string * string * System.IO.SearchOption -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String, searchPattern As String, searchOption As SearchOption) As String()

参数

path

String

要搜索的目录的相对或绝对路径。 此字符串不区分大小写。

searchPattern

String

要与 path 中的文件和目录的名称匹配的搜索字符串。 此参数可以包含有效文本路径和通配符（* 和 ?）的组合，但不支持正则表达式。

searchOption

SearchOption

指定搜索操作是应仅包含当前目录还是应包含所有子目录的枚举值之一。 默认值是 TopDirectoryOnly。

返回

String[]

与指定的搜索条件匹配的文件名和目录名的数组；如果找不到任何文件或目录，则为空数组。

例外

ArgumentException

.NET Framework和 .NET Core 版本早于 2.1： path 是长度为零的字符串，仅包含空格或包含无效字符。 你可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 方法查询无效字符。

- 或 -

searchPattern 不包含有效模式。

ArgumentNullException

path 为 null。

或

searchPattern 上声明的默认值为 null。

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

searchOption 不是有效的 SearchOption 值。

DirectoryNotFoundException

path 无效，如引用未映射的驱动器。

IOException

path 是一个文件名。

PathTooLongException

指定的路径和/或文件名超过了系统定义的最大长度。

SecurityException

调用方没有所要求的权限。

UnauthorizedAccessException

调用方没有所要求的权限。

注解

无法保证返回的文件和目录名称的顺序;如果需要特定的排序顺序， Sort 请使用 方法。

searchPattern 可以是文本和通配符的组合，但它不支持正则表达式。 中 searchPattern允许使用以下通配符说明符。

通配符说明符	匹配
*（星号）	该位置的零个或多个字符。
? （问号）	恰好在该位置有一个字符。

通配符以外的字符是文本字符。 例如， searchPattern 字符串“*t”搜索以字母“t”结尾的所有名称 path 。 字符串 searchPattern “s*”搜索以字母“s”开头的所有名称 path 。

searchPattern 不能以两个句点结束， (.”) 或包含两个句点 (“.”) 后 DirectorySeparatorChar 跟 或 AltDirectorySeparatorChar，也不能包含任何无效字符。 你可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars 方法查询无效字符。

注意

在 （如“*.txt”）中使用 searchPattern 星号通配符时，指定扩展名中的字符数会影响搜索，如下所示：

• 如果指定的扩展名正好为三个字符，该方法将返回扩展名以指定扩展名开头的文件。 例如，“*.xls”同时返回“book.xls”和“book.xlsx”。
• 在所有其他情况下， 方法返回与指定扩展名完全匹配的文件。 例如，“*.ai”返回“file.ai”，但不返回“file.aif”。

使用问号通配符时，此方法仅返回与指定文件扩展名匹配的文件。 例如，给定目录中的两个文件“file1.txt”和“file1.txtother”，“file？.txt”搜索模式仅返回第一个文件，而“file*.txt”搜索模式返回这两个文件。

EnumerateFileSystemEntries和 GetFileSystemEntries 方法的不同之处如下：使用 EnumerateFileSystemEntries时，可以在返回整个集合之前开始枚举条目集合;使用 GetFileSystemEntries时，必须等待返回整个条目数组，然后才能访问数组。 因此，在处理许多文件和目录时， EnumerateFileSystemEntries 可以更高效。

可以使用 参数指定相对路径信息 path 。 相对路径信息被解释为相对于当前工作目录的信息，可以使用 方法确定 GetCurrentDirectory 该目录。

另请参阅

• FileSystemWatcher