如何：将 Windows 窗体控件绑定到类型

  • 项目

在生成与数据交互的控件时，有时需要将控件绑定到类型而非对象。 在设计时，如果数据不可用但数据绑定控件仍需要显示类型的公共接口中的信息，则尤其可能出现这种情况。 例如，你可以将 DataGridView 控件绑定到由 Web 服务公开的对象，并希望 DataGridView 控件在设计时用自定义类型的成员名称标记其列。

你可以使用 BindingSource 组件轻松将控件绑定到某一类型。

示例

下面的代码示例演示如何利用 BindingSource 组件将 DataGridView 控件绑定到一个自定义类型。 运行该示例时，你会注意到，在用数据填充控件之前，DataGridView 具有反映 Customer 对象属性的标记列。 本示例具有“添加客户”按钮，用于将数据添加到 DataGridView 控件。 单击该按钮时，一个新的 Customer 对象即添加到 BindingSource。 在实际情况中，可以通过调用 Web 服务或其他数据源来获取数据。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

class Form1 : Form
{
    BindingSource bSource = new BindingSource();
    private Button button1;
    DataGridView dgv = new DataGridView();

    public Form1()
    {
        this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
        this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(140, 326);
        this.button1.Name = "button1";
        this.button1.AutoSize = true;
        this.button1.Text = "Add Customer";
        this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
        this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(362, 370);
        this.Controls.Add(this.button1);

        // Bind the BindingSource to the DemoCustomer type.
        bSource.DataSource = typeof(DemoCustomer);

        // Set up the DataGridView control.
        dgv.Dock = DockStyle.Top;
        this.Controls.Add(dgv);

        // Bind the DataGridView control to the BindingSource.
        dgv.DataSource = bSource;
    }
    public static void Main()
    {
        Application.Run(new Form1());
    }

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        bSource.Add(new DemoCustomer(DateTime.Today));
    }
}

// This simple class is used to demonstrate binding to a type.
public class DemoCustomer
{
    public DemoCustomer()
    {
        idValue = Guid.NewGuid();
    }

    public DemoCustomer(DateTime FirstOrderDate)
    {
        FirstOrder = FirstOrderDate;
        idValue = Guid.NewGuid();
    }
    // These fields hold the data that backs the public properties.
    private DateTime firstOrderDateValue;
    private Guid idValue;
    private string custNameValue;

    public string CustomerName
    {
        get { return custNameValue; }
        set { custNameValue = value; }
    }
    
    // This is a property that represents a birth date.
    public DateTime FirstOrder
    {
        get
        {
            return this.firstOrderDateValue;
        }
        set
        {
            if (value != this.firstOrderDateValue)
            {
                this.firstOrderDateValue = value;
            }
        }
    }

    // This is a property that represents a customer ID.
    public Guid ID
    {
        get
        {
            return this.idValue;
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Class Form1
    Inherits Form
    Private bSource As New BindingSource()
    Private WithEvents button1 As Button
    Private dgv As New DataGridView()

    Public Sub New()
        Me.button1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Button()
        Me.button1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(140, 326)
        Me.button1.Name = "button1"
        Me.button1.AutoSize = True
        Me.button1.Text = "Add Customer"
        Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(362, 370)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.button1)

        ' Bind the BindingSource to the DemoCustomer type.
        bSource.DataSource = GetType(DemoCustomer)

        ' Set up the DataGridView control.
        dgv.Dock = DockStyle.Top
        Me.Controls.Add(dgv)

        ' Bind the DataGridView control to the BindingSource.
        dgv.DataSource = bSource

    End Sub

    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Application.Run(New Form1())

    End Sub

    Private Sub button1_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
        Handles button1.Click
        bSource.Add(New DemoCustomer(DateTime.Today))

    End Sub
End Class

' This simple class is used to demonstrate binding to a type.
Public Class DemoCustomer

    Public Sub New()
        idValue = Guid.NewGuid()
    End Sub

    Public Sub New(ByVal FirstOrderDate As DateTime)
        FirstOrder = FirstOrderDate
        idValue = Guid.NewGuid()
    End Sub

    ' These fields hold the data that backs the public properties.
    Private firstOrderDateValue As DateTime
    Private idValue As Guid
    Private custNameValue As String

    Public Property CustomerName() As String
        Get
            Return custNameValue
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            custNameValue = value
        End Set
    End Property

    ' This is a property that represents the first order date.
    Public Property FirstOrder() As DateTime
        Get
            Return Me.firstOrderDateValue
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As DateTime)
            If value <> Me.firstOrderDateValue Then
                Me.firstOrderDateValue = value
            End If
        End Set
    End Property

    ' This is a property that represents a customer ID.
    Public ReadOnly Property ID() As Guid
        Get
            Return Me.idValue
        End Get
    End Property
End Class

编译代码

此示例需要：

  • 对 System 和 System.Windows.Forms 程序集的引用。

另请参阅