如何：将数据绑定到 Windows 窗体 DataGridView 控件
DataGridView 控件支持标准 Windows 窗体数据绑定模型，以便可将其绑定到各种数据源。 通常，绑定到用于管理与数据源交互的 BindingSource。 BindingSource 可以是任何 Windows 窗体数据源，这使你可以非常灵活地选择或修改数据位置。 有关 DataGridView 控件支持的数据源的详细信息，请参阅 DataGridView 控件概述。
Visual Studio 对将数据绑定到 DataGridView 控件提供广泛支持。 有关详细信息，请参阅如何：使用设计器将数据绑定到 Windows 窗体 DataGridView 控件。
若要将 DataGridView 控件连接到数据，请执行以下操作：
实现一个方法来处理检索数据的细节。 以下代码示例实现一个
GetData方法，该方法对 SqlDataAdapter 进行初始化并使用它来填充 DataTable。 然后它将 DataTable 绑定到 BindingSource。在窗体的 Load 事件处理程序中，将 DataGridView 控件绑定到 BindingSource，然后调用
GetData方法来检索数据。
示例
此完整的代码示例从数据库中检索数据，以填充 Windows 窗体中的 DataGridView 控件。 该窗体还具有用于重新加载数据和提交对数据库所做更改的按钮。
此示例需要：
访问 Northwind SQL Server 示例数据库。 若要详细了解如何安装 Northwind 示例数据库，请参阅获取 ADO.NET 代码示例的示例数据库。
对 System、System.Windows.Forms、System.Data 和 System.Xml 程序集的引用。
若要生成并运行此示例，请将代码粘贴到新 Windows 窗体项目的 Form1 代码文件中。 若要了解如何从 C# 或 Visual Basic 命令行生成，请参阅使用 csc.exe 生成命令行或从命令行生成。
使用 Northwind SQL Server 示例数据库连接的值填充示例中的 connectionString 变量。 与将密码存储连接字符串中相比，Windows 身份验证（也称为集成安全性）是一种更安全的用于连接到数据库的方法。 有关连接安全的详细信息，请参阅保护连接信息。
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApp
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
}
}
public class Form1 : Form
{
private DataGridView dataGridView1 = new DataGridView();
private BindingSource bindingSource1 = new BindingSource();
private SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter();
private Button reloadButton = new Button();
private Button submitButton = new Button();
[STAThread()]
public static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
// Initialize the form.
public Form1()
{
dataGridView1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
reloadButton.Text = "Reload";
submitButton.Text = "Submit";
reloadButton.Click += new EventHandler(ReloadButton_Click);
submitButton.Click += new EventHandler(SubmitButton_Click);
FlowLayoutPanel panel = new FlowLayoutPanel
{
Dock = DockStyle.Top,
AutoSize = true
};
panel.Controls.AddRange(new Control[] { reloadButton, submitButton });
Controls.AddRange(new Control[] { dataGridView1, panel });
Load += new EventHandler(Form1_Load);
Text = "DataGridView data binding and updating demo";
}
private void GetData(string selectCommand)
{
try
{
// Specify a connection string.
// Replace <SQL Server> with the SQL Server for your Northwind sample database.
// Replace "Integrated Security=True" with user login information if necessary.
String connectionString =
"Data Source=<SQL Server>;Initial Catalog=Northwind;" +
"Integrated Security=True";
// Create a new data adapter based on the specified query.
dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(selectCommand, connectionString);
// Create a command builder to generate SQL update, insert, and
// delete commands based on selectCommand.
SqlCommandBuilder commandBuilder = new SqlCommandBuilder(dataAdapter);
// Populate a new data table and bind it to the BindingSource.
DataTable table = new DataTable
{
Locale = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture
};
dataAdapter.Fill(table);
bindingSource1.DataSource = table;
// Resize the DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded content.
dataGridView1.AutoResizeColumns(
DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCellsExceptHeader);
}
catch (SqlException)
{
MessageBox.Show("To run this example, replace the value of the " +
"connectionString variable with a connection string that is " +
"valid for your system.");
}
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Bind the DataGridView to the BindingSource
// and load the data from the database.
dataGridView1.DataSource = bindingSource1;
GetData("select * from Customers");
}
private void ReloadButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Reload the data from the database.
GetData(dataAdapter.SelectCommand.CommandText);
}
private void SubmitButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Update the database with changes.
dataAdapter.Update((DataTable)bindingSource1.DataSource);
}
}
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Public Class Form1
Inherits Form
Private dataGridView1 As New DataGridView()
Private bindingSource1 As New BindingSource()
Private dataAdapter As New SqlDataAdapter()
Private WithEvents ReloadButton As New Button()
Private WithEvents SubmitButton As New Button()
Public Shared Sub Main()
Application.Run(New Form1())
End Sub
' Initialize the form.
Public Sub New()
dataGridView1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
ReloadButton.Text = "Reload"
SubmitButton.Text = "Submit"
Dim panel As New FlowLayoutPanel With {
.Dock = DockStyle.Top,
.AutoSize = True
}
panel.Controls.AddRange(New Control() {ReloadButton, SubmitButton})
Controls.AddRange(New Control() {dataGridView1, panel})
Text = "DataGridView data binding and updating demo"
End Sub
Private Sub GetData(ByVal selectCommand As String)
Try
' Specify a connection string.
' Replace <SQL Server> with the SQL Server for your Northwind sample database.
' Replace "Integrated Security=True" with user login information if necessary.
Dim connectionString As String =
"Data Source=<SQL Server>;Initial Catalog=Northwind;" +
"Integrated Security=True;"
' Create a new data adapter based on the specified query.
dataAdapter = New SqlDataAdapter(selectCommand, connectionString)
' Create a command builder to generate SQL update, insert, and
' delete commands based on selectCommand.
Dim commandBuilder As New SqlCommandBuilder(dataAdapter)
' Populate a new data table and bind it to the BindingSource.
Dim table As New DataTable With {
.Locale = Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture
}
dataAdapter.Fill(table)
bindingSource1.DataSource = table
' Resize the DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded content.
dataGridView1.AutoResizeColumns(
DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCellsExceptHeader)
Catch ex As SqlException
MessageBox.Show("To run this example, replace the value of the " +
"connectionString variable with a connection string that is " +
"valid for your system.")
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
Handles Me.Load
' Bind the DataGridView to the BindingSource
' and load the data from the database.
dataGridView1.DataSource = bindingSource1
GetData("select * from Customers")
End Sub
Private Sub ReloadButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
Handles ReloadButton.Click
' Reload the data from the database.
GetData(dataAdapter.SelectCommand.CommandText)
End Sub
Private Sub SubmitButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) _
Handles SubmitButton.Click
' Update the database with changes.
dataAdapter.Update(CType(bindingSource1.DataSource, DataTable))
End Sub
End Class
另请参阅
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