如何:加快小型循环体的速度

如果 Parallel.For 循环的主体很小,它的执行速度可能慢于相当的顺序循环,如 C# 中的 Parallel.For 循环和 Visual Basic 中的 For 循环。 性能下降是由数据分区中的开销和在每个循环迭代上调用委托的成本所引起的。 若要解决这种情况下,Partitioner 类提供了 Partitioner.Create 方法,使你能够为委托主体提供一个顺序循环,以便每个分区仅调用一次委托,而不是每个迭代调用一次委托。 有关详细信息,请参阅 PLINQ 和 TPL 的自定义分区程序

示例

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {

        // Source must be array or IList.
        var source = Enumerable.Range(0, 100000).ToArray();

        // Partition the entire source array.
        var rangePartitioner = Partitioner.Create(0, source.Length);

        double[] results = new double[source.Length];

        // Loop over the partitions in parallel.
        Parallel.ForEach(rangePartitioner, (range, loopState) =>
        {
            // Loop over each range element without a delegate invocation.
            for (int i = range.Item1; i < range.Item2; i++)
            {
                results[i] = source[i] * Math.PI;
            }
        });

        Console.WriteLine("Operation complete. Print results? y/n");
        char input = Console.ReadKey().KeyChar;
        if (input == 'y' || input == 'Y')
        {
            foreach(double d in results)
            {
                Console.Write("{0} ", d);
            }
        }
    }
}
Imports System.Threading.Tasks
Imports System.Collections.Concurrent

Module PartitionDemo

    Sub Main()
        ' Source must be array or IList.
        Dim source = Enumerable.Range(0, 100000).ToArray()

        ' Partition the entire source array. 
        ' Let the partitioner size the ranges.
        Dim rangePartitioner = Partitioner.Create(0, source.Length)

        Dim results(source.Length - 1) As Double

        ' Loop over the partitions in parallel. The Sub is invoked
        ' once per partition.
        Parallel.ForEach(rangePartitioner, Sub(range, loopState)

                                               ' Loop over each range element without a delegate invocation.
                                               For i As Integer = range.Item1 To range.Item2 - 1
                                                   results(i) = source(i) * Math.PI
                                               Next
                                           End Sub)
        Console.WriteLine("Operation complete. Print results? y/n")
        Dim input As Char = Console.ReadKey().KeyChar
        If input = "y"c Or input = "Y"c Then
            For Each d As Double In results
                Console.Write("{0} ", d)
            Next
        End If

    End Sub
End Module

在循环执行最少量的工作时,此示例中演示的方法很有用。 随着工作变得更占用计算资源,通过默认分区程序,使用 ForForEach 循环,很有可能会获得相同或更好的性能。

另请参阅