用於補救的 PowerShell 腳本

文章
05/01/2024

本文包含客戶可實作或作為範本的範例腳本，以瞭解如何建立自己的腳本。使用此處提供的資訊來建立補救的腳本套件。

腳本描述

下表顯示文稿名稱、描述、偵測、補救和可設定的專案。名稱開頭為的 Detect 腳本檔案是偵測腳本。補救腳本的開頭為 Remediate。您可以從本文的下一節複製這些腳本。

指令碼名稱	描述
檢查網路憑證 `Detect_Expired_Issuer_Certificates.ps1` `Remediate_Expired_Issuer_Certificates.ps1`	偵測 CA 在電腦或使用者的個人存放區中發行的憑證已過期或即將到期。藉由在偵測腳本中變更的 `$strMatch` 值來指定 CA。針對指定 0 `$expiringDays` 以尋找過期的憑證，或指定其他天數來尋找即將到期的憑證。藉由向使用者提出快顯通知來進行補救。 `$Title`使用您希望使用者看到的訊息標題和文字來指定和 `$msgText` 值。通知使用者可能需要更新的過期憑證。使用登入認證執行腳本：是
清除過時的憑證 `Detect_Expired_User_Certificates.ps1` `Remediate_Expired_User_Certificates.ps1`	偵測目前用戶個人存放區中 CA 所簽發的過期憑證。藉由在偵測腳本中變更的 `$certCN` 值來指定 CA。從目前使用者的個人存放區中刪除 CA 所簽發的過期憑證，以進行補救。藉由在補救腳本中變更的 `$certCN` 值來指定 CA。從目前使用者的個人存放區尋找並刪除 CA 所簽發的過期憑證。使用登入認證執行腳本：是
更新過時的組策略 (內建) `Detect_stale_Group_Policies.ps1` `Remediate_stale_GroupPolicies.ps1`	偵測上次重新整理群組原則是否大於`7 days`前一次。此腳本套件隨附於補救，但如果您想要變更閾值，則會提供複本。藉由變更偵測腳本中的值來自定義七天閾值 `$numDays` 。藉由執行 `gpupdate /target:computer /force` 來補救，且`gpupdate /target:user /force` 可協助減少透過群組原則傳遞憑證和設定時的網路連線相關支援呼叫。使用登入認證執行腳本：是

檢查網路憑證腳本套件

此腳本套件會偵測計算機或用戶個人存放區中CA所簽發的過期或即將到期的憑證。腳本會藉由向使用者提出快顯通知來進行補救。

Detect_Expired_Issuer_Certificates.ps1

#=============================================================================================================================
#
# Script Name:     Detect_Expired_Issuer_Certificates.ps1
# Description:     Detect expired certificates issued by "CN=<your CA here>" in either Machine
#                  or User certificate store
# Notes:           Change the value of the variable $strMatch from "CN=<your CA here>" to "CN=..."
#                  For testing purposes the value of the variable $expiringDays can be changed to a positive integer
#                  Don't change the $results variable
#
#=============================================================================================================================

# Define Variables
$results = @()
$expiringDays = 0
$strMatch = "CN=<your CA here>"

try
{
    $results = @(Get-ChildItem -Path Cert:\LocalMachine\My -Recurse -ExpiringInDays $expiringDays | where {$_.Issuer -match $strMatch})
    $results += @(Get-ChildItem -Path Cert:\CurrentUser\My -Recurse -ExpiringInDays $expiringDays | where {$_.Issuer -match $strMatch}) 
    if (($results -ne $null)){
        #Below necessary for Intune as of 10/2019 will only remediate Exit Code 1
        Write-Host "Match"
        Return $results.count
        exit 1
    }
    else{
        #No matching certificates, do not remediate
        Write-Host "No_Match"        
        exit 0
    }   
}
catch{
    $errMsg = $_.Exception.Message
    Write-Error $errMsg
    exit 1
}

Remediate_Expired_Issuer_Certificates.ps1

#=============================================================================================================================
#
# Script Name:     Remediate_Expired_Issuer_Certificates.ps1
# Description:     Raise a Toast Notification if expired certificates issued by "CN=..."
#                  to user or machine on the machine where detection script found them. No remediation action besides
#                  the Toast is taken.
# Notes:           Change the values of the variables $Title and $msgText
#
#=============================================================================================================================

## Raise toast to have user contact whoever is specified in the $msgText

# Define Variables
$delExpCert = 0
$Title = "Title"
$msgText = "message"

# Main script
[Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager, Windows.UI.Notifications, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] | Out-Null
[Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification, Windows.UI.Notifications, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] | Out-Null
[Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument, Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument, ContentType = WindowsRuntime] | Out-Null

$APP_ID = '{1AC14E77-02E7-4E5D-B744-2EB1AE5198B7}\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe'

$template = @"
<toast>
    <visual>
        <binding template="ToastText02">
            <text id="1">$Title</text>
            <text id="2">$msgText</text>
        </binding>
    </visual>
</toast>
"@

$xml = New-Object Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.XmlDocument
$xml.LoadXml($template)
$toast = New-Object Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotification $xml
[Windows.UI.Notifications.ToastNotificationManager]::CreateToastNotifier($APP_ID).Show($toast)

清除過時的憑證腳本套件

此腳本套件會偵測目前用戶個人存放區中 CA 所簽發的過期憑證。腳本會從目前使用者的個人存放區中刪除 CA 所簽發的過期憑證，以進行補救。

Detect_Expired_User_Certificates.ps1

#=============================================================================================================================
#
# Script Name:     Detect_Expired_User_Certificates.ps1
# Description:     Detect expired certificates issued by "CN=<your CA here>" to User
# Notes:           Change the value of the variable $certCN from "CN=<your CA here>" to "CN=...".
#                  Don't change $results
#
#=============================================================================================================================

# Define Variables
$results = 0
$certCN = "CN=<your CA here>"

try
{   
    $results = Get-ChildItem -Path Cert:\CurrentUser\My -Recurse -ExpiringInDays 0 | where {$_.Issuer -eq($certCN)}
    if (($results -ne $null)){
        #Below necessary for Intune as of 10/2019 will only remediate Exit Code 1
        Write-Host "Match"
        Return $results.count
        exit 1
    }
    else{
        Write-Host "No_Match"
        exit 0
    }    
}
catch{
    $errMsg = $_.Exception.Message
    Write-Error $errMsg
    exit 1
}

Remediate_Expired_User_Certificates.ps1

#=============================================================================================================================
#
# Script Name:     Remediate_Expired_User_Certificates.ps1
# Description:     Remove expired certificates issued by "CN=<your CA here>" to User
# Notes:           Change the value of the variable $certCN from "CN=<your CA here>" to "CN=..."
#
#=============================================================================================================================

# Define Variables
$certCN = "CN=<your CA here>"

try
{
    Get-ChildItem -Path cert:\CurrentUser -Recurse -ExpiringInDays 0 | where {$_.Issuer -eq($certCN)} | Remove-Item
    exit 0
}
catch{
    $errMsg = $_.Exception.Message
    Write-Error $errMsg
    exit 1
}

更新過時的組策略腳本套件

此腳本套件隨附於補救，但如果您想要變更閾值，則會提供複本。

此腳本套件會偵測上次群組原則重新整理是否大於7 days之前。腳本會藉由執行 gpupdate /target:computer /force 和 gpupdate /target:user /force來補救。

Detect_stale_Group_Policies.ps1

#=============================================================================================================================
#
# Script Name:     Detect_stale_Group_Policies.ps1
# Description:     Detect if Group Policy has been updated within number of days
# Notes:           Remediate if "Match", $lastGPUpdateDays default value of 7, change as appropriate
#
#=============================================================================================================================

# Define Variables

try {
    $gpResult = [datetime]::FromFileTime(([Int64] ((Get-ItemProperty -Path "Registry::HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Group Policy\State\Machine\Extension-List\{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}").startTimeHi) -shl 32) -bor ((Get-ItemProperty -Path "Registry::HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Group Policy\State\Machine\Extension-List\{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}").startTimeLo))
    $lastGPUpdateDate = Get-Date ($gpResult[0])
    [int]$lastGPUpdateDays = (New-TimeSpan -Start $lastGPUpdateDate -End (Get-Date)).Days
        
    if ($lastGPUpdateDays -gt 7){
        #Exit 1 for Intune. We want it to be within the last 7 days "Match" to remediate in SCCM
        Write-Host "Match"
        exit 1
    }
    else {
        #Exit 0 for Intune and "No_Match" for SCCM, only remediate "Match"
        Write-Host "No_Match"
        exit 0
    }
}
catch {
    $errMsg = $_.Exception.Message
    return $errMsg
    exit 1
}

Remediate_stale_GroupPolicies.ps1

#=============================================================================================================================
#
# Script Name:     Remediate_stale_GroupPolicies.ps1
# Description:     This script triggers Group Policy update
# Notes:           No variable substitution needed
#
#=============================================================================================================================

try {
    $compGPUpd = gpupdate /force
    $gpResult = [datetime]::FromFileTime(([Int64] ((Get-ItemProperty -Path "Registry::HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Group Policy\State\Machine\Extension-List\{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}").startTimeHi) -shl 32) -bor ((Get-ItemProperty -Path "Registry::HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Group Policy\State\Machine\Extension-List\{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}").startTimeLo))
    $lastGPUpdateDate = Get-Date ($gpResult[0])
    [int]$lastGPUpdateDays = (New-TimeSpan -Start $lastGPUpdateDate -End (Get-Date)).Days

    if ($lastGPUpdateDays -eq 0){
        Write-Host "gpupdate completed successfully"
        exit 0
    }
    else{
        Write-Host "gpupdate failed"
        }
}
catch{
    $errMsg = $_.Exception.Message
    return $errMsg
    exit 1
}

後續步驟

如需部署腳本套件的相關信息，請參閱補救。

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