Decimal.Round 方法

  • 參考

定義

命名空間:
System
組件:
System.Runtime.dll
組件:
mscorlib.dll
組件:
netstandard.dll

將值捨入至最接近的整數或是指定的小數位數數字。

多載

Round(Decimal, Int32, MidpointRounding)

使用指定的舍入策略，將十進位值四捨五入至指定的有效位數。
Round(Decimal, MidpointRounding)

使用指定的進位策略，將十進位值四捨五入為整數。
Round(Decimal, Int32)

將 Decimal 值捨入為指定的小數位數。
Round(Decimal)

將十進位值四捨五入為最接近的整數。

Round(Decimal, Int32, MidpointRounding)

Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs

使用指定的舍入策略，將十進位值四捨五入至指定的有效位數。

public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d, int decimals, MidpointRounding mode);
public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d, int decimals, MidpointRounding mode) = System::Numerics::IFloatingPoint<System::Decimal>::Round;
public static decimal Round (decimal d, int decimals, MidpointRounding mode);
static member Round : decimal * int * MidpointRounding -> decimal
Public Shared Function Round (d As Decimal, decimals As Integer, mode As MidpointRounding) As Decimal

參數

d
Decimal

要捨入的十進位數字。

decimals
Int32

在傳回值中的有效小數位數 (精確度)。

mode
MidpointRounding

其中一個列舉值，指定要使用的四捨五入策略。

傳回

Decimal

d四捨五入為使用 mode 四捨五入策略和有效位數的數位 decimals 。 如果 d 的精確度少於 decimals，則 d 傳回時不會變更。

實作

Round(TSelf, Int32, MidpointRounding)

例外狀況

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

decimals 小於 0 或大於 28。

ArgumentException

mode 不是 MidpointRounding 值。

OverflowException

結果超出 Decimal 物件的範圍。

範例

下列範例示範如何搭配 MidpointRounding 列舉使用 Round(Decimal, Int32, MidpointRounding) 方法。

decimal result;

// Round a positive value using different strategies.
// The precision of the result is 1 decimal place.

result = Math.Round(3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven);
Console.WriteLine($"{result} = Math.Round({3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)");
result = Math.Round(3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero);
Console.WriteLine($"{result} = Math.Round({3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)");
result = Math.Round(3.47m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero);
Console.WriteLine($"{result} = Math.Round({3.47m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)\n");

// Round a negative value using different strategies.
// The precision of the result is 1 decimal place.

result = Math.Round(-3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven);
Console.WriteLine($"{result} = Math.Round({-3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)");
result = Math.Round(-3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero);
Console.WriteLine($"{result} = Math.Round({-3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)");
result = Math.Round(-3.47m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero);
Console.WriteLine($"{result} = Math.Round({-3.47m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)\n");

/*
This code example produces the following results:

3.4 = Math.Round(3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
3.5 = Math.Round(3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
3.4 = Math.Round(3.47, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)

-3.4 = Math.Round(-3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
-3.5 = Math.Round(-3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
-3.4 = Math.Round(-3.47, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)
*/

// Round a positive value using different strategies.
// The precision of the result is 1 decimal place.

let result = Math.Round(3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
printfn $"{result} = Math.Round({3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)"
let result = Math.Round(3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
printfn $"{result} = Math.Round({3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)"
let result = Math.Round(3.47m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)
printfn $"{result} = Math.Round({3.47m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)\n"

// Round a negative value using different strategies.
// The precision of the result is 1 decimal place.

let result = Math.Round(-3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
printfn $"{result} = Math.Round({-3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)"
let result = Math.Round(-3.45m, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
printfn $"{result} = Math.Round({-3.45m}, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)"
let result = Math.Round(-3.47m, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)
printfn $"{result} = Math.Round({-3.47m}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)\n"

// This code example produces the following results:

// 3.4 = Math.Round(3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
// 3.5 = Math.Round(3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
// 3.4 = Math.Round(3.47, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)

// -3.4 = Math.Round(-3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
// -3.5 = Math.Round(-3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
// -3.4 = Math.Round(-3.47, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)

Dim result As Decimal = 0D
Dim posValue As Decimal = 3.45D
Dim negValue As Decimal = -3.45D

' Round a positive value using different strategies.
' The precision of the result is 1 decimal place.
result = Math.Round(posValue, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
Console.WriteLine("{0,4} = Math.Round({1,5}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)",
                   result, posValue)
result = Math.Round(posValue, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
Console.WriteLine("{0,4} = Math.Round({1,5}, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)",
                   result, posValue)
result = Math.Round(posValue, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)
Console.WriteLine("{0,4} = Math.Round({1,5}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)",
                   result, posValue)
Console.WriteLine()

' Round a negative value using different strategies.
' The precision of the result is 1 decimal place.
result = Math.Round(negValue, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
Console.WriteLine("{0,4} = Math.Round({1,5}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)",
                    result, negValue)
result = Math.Round(negValue, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
Console.WriteLine("{0,4} = Math.Round({1,5}, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)",
                   result, negValue)
result = Math.Round(negValue, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)
Console.WriteLine("{0,4} = Math.Round({1,5}, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)",
                   result, negValue)
Console.WriteLine()

'This code example produces the following results:
'
'        3.4 = Math.Round(3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
'        3.5 = Math.Round(3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
'        3.4 = Math.Round(3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)
'
'        -3.4 = Math.Round(-3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToEven)
'        -3.5 = Math.Round(-3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero)
'        -3.4 = Math.Round(-3.45, 1, MidpointRounding.ToZero)
'

備註

參數 decimals 會指定傳回值中的有效小數位數數目，範圍從 0 到 28。 如果 decimals 為零，則會傳回整數。

如果您指定 ToEven 或 AwayFromZero 參數 mode ，這些舍入策略只會套用至中間點值，也就是最小有效位數為 5 的值。

另請參閱

適用於

Round(Decimal, MidpointRounding)

Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs

使用指定的進位策略，將十進位值四捨五入為整數。

public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d, MidpointRounding mode);
public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d, MidpointRounding mode) = System::Numerics::IFloatingPoint<System::Decimal>::Round;
public static decimal Round (decimal d, MidpointRounding mode);
static member Round : decimal * MidpointRounding -> decimal
Public Shared Function Round (d As Decimal, mode As MidpointRounding) As Decimal

參數

d
Decimal

要捨入的十進位數字。

mode
MidpointRounding

其中一個列舉值，指定要使用的四捨五入策略。

傳回

Decimal

使用舍入策略四捨五入為的 mode 整數 d 。

實作

Round(TSelf, MidpointRounding)

例外狀況

ArgumentException

mode 不是 MidpointRounding 值。

OverflowException

結果超出 Decimal 物件的範圍。

範例

下列範例會顯示由 方法傳 Round(Decimal, MidpointRounding) 回的值與不同的 mode 引數。

Console.WriteLine($"{"Value",-10} {"Default",-10} {"ToEven",-10} {"AwayFromZero",-15} {"ToZero",-15}");
for (decimal value = 12.0m; value <= 13.0m; value += 0.1m)
    Console.WriteLine($"{value,-10} {Math.Round(value),-10} " +
        $"{Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.ToEven),-10} " +
        $"{Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero),-15} " +
        $"{Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.ToZero),-15}");

// The example displays the following output:
//       Value      Default    ToEven     AwayFromZero    ToZero
//       12.0       12         12         12              12
//       12.1       12         12         12              12
//       12.2       12         12         12              12
//       12.3       12         12         12              12
//       12.4       12         12         12              12
//       12.5       12         12         13              12
//       12.6       13         13         13              12
//       12.7       13         13         13              12
//       12.8       13         13         13              12
//       12.9       13         13         13              12
//       13.0       13         13         13              13

printfn $"""{"Value",-10} {"Default",-10} {"ToEven",-10} {"AwayFromZero",-15} {"ToZero",-15}"""
for value in 12m .. 0.1m .. 13m do
    printfn "%-10O %-10O %-10O %-15O %-15O" 
        value
        (Math.Round value)
        (Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.ToEven))
        (Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero))
        (Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.ToZero))

// The example displays the following output:
//       Value      Default    ToEven     AwayFromZero    ToZero
//       12.0       12         12         12              12
//       12.1       12         12         12              12
//       12.2       12         12         12              12
//       12.3       12         12         12              12
//       12.4       12         12         12              12
//       12.5       12         12         13              12
//       12.6       13         13         13              12
//       12.7       13         13         13              12
//       12.8       13         13         13              12
//       12.9       13         13         13              12
//       13.0       13         13         13              13

Console.WriteLine("{0,-10} {1,-10} {2,-10} {3,-15} {4,-15}", "Value", "Default",
                "ToEven", "AwayFromZero", "ToZero")
For value As Decimal = 12D To 13D Step 0.1D
    Console.WriteLine("{0,-10} {1,-10} {2,-10} {3,-15} {4,-15}",
                   value, Math.Round(value),
                   Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.ToEven),
                   Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero),
                   Math.Round(value, MidpointRounding.ToZero))
Next

' The example displays the following output:
'       Value      Default    ToEven     AwayFromZero     ToZero
'       12         12         12         12               12
'       12.1       12         12         12               12
'       12.2       12         12         12               12
'       12.3       12         12         12               12
'       12.4       12         12         12               12
'       12.5       12         12         13               12
'       12.6       13         13         13               12
'       12.7       13         13         13               12
'       12.8       13         13         13               12
'       12.9       13         13         13               12
'       13.0       13         13         13               13

備註

如果您指定 ToEven 或 AwayFromZero 參數 mode ，這些舍入策略只會套用至中間點值，也就是最小有效位數為 5 的值。

另請參閱

適用於

Round(Decimal, Int32)

Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs

將 Decimal 值捨入為指定的小數位數。

public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d, int decimals);
public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d, int decimals) = System::Numerics::IFloatingPoint<System::Decimal>::Round;
public static decimal Round (decimal d, int decimals);
static member Round : decimal * int -> decimal
Public Shared Function Round (d As Decimal, decimals As Integer) As Decimal

參數

d
Decimal

要捨入的十進位數字。

decimals
Int32

從 0 到 28 的值，這個值指定要捨入到的小數位數。

傳回

Decimal

相當於 d 四捨五入到 decimals 小數位數的小數位數。

實作

Round(TSelf, Int32)

例外狀況

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

decimals 不是從 0 到 28 的值。

範例

下列範例會使用 Round 方法，將數 Decimal 個值四捨五入至指定的小數位數。

using System;

class Example12
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Define a set of Decimal values.
      decimal[] values = { 1.45m, 1.55m, 123.456789m, 123.456789m,
                           123.456789m, -123.456m,
                           new Decimal(1230000000, 0, 0, true, 7 ),
                           new Decimal(1230000000, 0, 0, true, 7 ),
                           -9999999999.9999999999m,
                           -9999999999.9999999999m };
      // Define a set of integers to for decimals argument.
      int[] decimals = { 1, 1, 4, 6, 8, 0, 3, 11, 9, 10};

      Console.WriteLine("{0,26}{1,8}{2,26}",
                        "Argument", "Digits", "Result" );
      Console.WriteLine("{0,26}{1,8}{2,26}",
                        "--------", "------", "------" );
      for (int ctr = 0; ctr < values.Length; ctr++)
        Console.WriteLine("{0,26}{1,8}{2,26}",
                          values[ctr], decimals[ctr],
                          Decimal.Round(values[ctr], decimals[ctr]));
    }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//                   Argument  Digits                    Result
//                   --------  ------                    ------
//                       1.45       1                       1.4
//                       1.55       1                       1.6
//                 123.456789       4                  123.4568
//                 123.456789       6                123.456789
//                 123.456789       8                123.456789
//                   -123.456       0                      -123
//               -123.0000000       3                  -123.000
//               -123.0000000      11              -123.0000000
//     -9999999999.9999999999       9    -10000000000.000000000
//     -9999999999.9999999999      10    -9999999999.9999999999

open System

// Define a set of Decimal values.
let values = 
    [ 1.45m; 1.55m; 123.456789m; 123.456789m
      123.456789m; -123.456m
      Decimal(1230000000, 0, 0, true, 7uy)
      Decimal(1230000000, 0, 0, true, 7uy)
      -9999999999.9999999999m
      -9999999999.9999999999m ]

// Define a set of integers to for decimals argument.
let decimals = 
    [ 1; 1; 4; 6; 8; 0; 3; 11; 9; 10 ]

printfn $"""{"Argument",26}{"Digits",8}{"Result",26}"""
printfn $"""{"--------",26}{"------",8}{"------",26}"""

for i = 0 to values.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{values[i],26}{decimals[i],8}{Decimal.Round(values[i], decimals[i]),26}"

// The example displays the following output:
//                   Argument  Digits                    Result
//                   --------  ------                    ------
//                       1.45       1                       1.4
//                       1.55       1                       1.6
//                 123.456789       4                  123.4568
//                 123.456789       6                123.456789
//                 123.456789       8                123.456789
//                   -123.456       0                      -123
//               -123.0000000       3                  -123.000
//               -123.0000000      11              -123.0000000
//     -9999999999.9999999999       9    -10000000000.000000000
//     -9999999999.9999999999      10    -9999999999.9999999999

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Define a set of Decimal values.
      Dim values() As Decimal = { 1.45d, 1.55d, 123.456789d, 123.456789d, 
                                  123.456789d, -123.456d, 
                                  New Decimal(1230000000, 0, 0, true, 7 ),
                                  New Decimal(1230000000, 0, 0, true, 7 ), 
                                  -9999999999.9999999999d, 
                                  -9999999999.9999999999d }
      ' Define a set of integers to for decimals argument.
      Dim decimals() As Integer = { 1, 1, 4, 6, 8, 0, 3, 11, 9, 10}
      
      Console.WriteLine("{0,26}{1,8}{2,26}", 
                        "Argument", "Digits", "Result" )
      Console.WriteLine("{0,26}{1,8}{2,26}", 
                        "--------", "------", "------" )
      For ctr As Integer = 0 To values.Length - 1
        Console.WriteLine("{0,26}{1,8}{2,26}", 
                          values(ctr), decimals(ctr), 
                          Decimal.Round(values(ctr), decimals(ctr)))
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'                   Argument  Digits                    Result
'                   --------  ------                    ------
'                       1.45       1                       1.4
'                       1.55       1                       1.6
'                 123.456789       4                  123.4568
'                 123.456789       6                123.456789
'                 123.456789       8                123.456789
'                   -123.456       0                      -123
'               -123.0000000       3                  -123.000
'               -123.0000000      11              -123.0000000
'     -9999999999.9999999999       9    -10000000000.000000000
'     -9999999999.9999999999      10    -9999999999.9999999999

備註

這個方法相當於使用 的 mode 引數 MidpointRounding.ToEven 呼叫 Round(Decimal, Int32, MidpointRounding) 方法。 當 d 剛好介於兩個四捨五入值之間時，結果會是位在最右邊小數點位置中具有偶數位數的四捨五入值。 例如，在四捨五入為兩個小數位數時，值 2.345 會變成 2.34，而值 2.355 會變成 2.36。 此程式稱為 進位至偶數，或 銀行員舍入。 它會將單一方向中點值持續四捨五入所產生的舍入錯誤降到最低。

另請參閱

適用於

Round(Decimal)

Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs
Source:
Decimal.cs

將十進位值四捨五入為最接近的整數。

public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d);
public:
 static System::Decimal Round(System::Decimal d) = System::Numerics::IFloatingPoint<System::Decimal>::Round;
public static decimal Round (decimal d);
static member Round : decimal -> decimal
Public Shared Function Round (d As Decimal) As Decimal

參數

d
Decimal

要捨入的十進位數字。

傳回

Decimal

最接近 d 參數的整數。 如果 d 介於兩個整數中間，一個為偶數，一個為奇數，則會傳回偶數。

實作

Round(TSelf)

例外狀況

OverflowException

結果超出 Decimal 值的範圍。

範例

下列範例會將介於 100 到 102 之間的值範圍 Decimal 四捨五入到最接近的整數。 因為 方法使用銀行者的舍入，所以 100.5 會四捨五入為 100，而 101.5 會四捨五入為 102。

using System;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      for (decimal value = 100m; value <= 102m; value += .1m)
         Console.WriteLine("{0} --> {1}", value, Decimal.Round(value));
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//     100 --> 100
//     100.1 --> 100
//     100.2 --> 100
//     100.3 --> 100
//     100.4 --> 100
//     100.5 --> 100
//     100.6 --> 101
//     100.7 --> 101
//     100.8 --> 101
//     100.9 --> 101
//     101.0 --> 101
//     101.1 --> 101
//     101.2 --> 101
//     101.3 --> 101
//     101.4 --> 101
//     101.5 --> 102
//     101.6 --> 102
//     101.7 --> 102
//     101.8 --> 102
//     101.9 --> 102
//     102.0 --> 102

open System

for value in 100m .. 0.1m .. 102m do
    printfn $"{value} --> {Decimal.Round value}"

// The example displays the following output:
//     100 --> 100
//     100.1 --> 100
//     100.2 --> 100
//     100.3 --> 100
//     100.4 --> 100
//     100.5 --> 100
//     100.6 --> 101
//     100.7 --> 101
//     100.8 --> 101
//     100.9 --> 101
//     101.0 --> 101
//     101.1 --> 101
//     101.2 --> 101
//     101.3 --> 101
//     101.4 --> 101
//     101.5 --> 102
//     101.6 --> 102
//     101.7 --> 102
//     101.8 --> 102
//     101.9 --> 102
//     102.0 --> 102

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      For value As Decimal = 100d To 102d Step .1d
         Console.WriteLine("{0} --> {1}", value, Decimal.Round(value))
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'     100 --> 100
'     100.1 --> 100
'     100.2 --> 100
'     100.3 --> 100
'     100.4 --> 100
'     100.5 --> 100
'     100.6 --> 101
'     100.7 --> 101
'     100.8 --> 101
'     100.9 --> 101
'     101.0 --> 101
'     101.1 --> 101
'     101.2 --> 101
'     101.3 --> 101
'     101.4 --> 101
'     101.5 --> 102
'     101.6 --> 102
'     101.7 --> 102
'     101.8 --> 102
'     101.9 --> 102
'     102.0 --> 102

備註

此方法的行為遵循 IEEE Standard 754 第 4 節。 這種進位有時稱為 四捨五入，甚至 或 銀行員舍入。 它會將單一方向中點值持續四捨五入所產生的舍入錯誤降到最低。 它相當於使用 的 mode 引數 MidpointRounding.ToEven 呼叫 Round(Decimal, MidpointRounding) 方法。

另請參閱

適用於