Windows Server 中的容錯移轉叢集Failover Clustering in Windows Server

適用於：Windows Server (半年通道)、Windows Server 2016Applies To: Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2016

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尋找舊版 Windows Server 的相關資訊嗎？Looking for information about older versions of Windows Server? 請查看我們其他位於 docs.microsoft.com 的 Windows Server 文件庫。您也可以搜尋這個網站以取得特定資訊。Check out our other Windows Server libraries on docs.microsoft.com. You can also search this site for specific information.

Icon indicating a group of computers 容錯叢集是 Windows Server 的功能，可讓您將多部伺服器分組到一個容錯叢集，提供全新功能與改良功能給軟體定義資料中心客戶以及在實體硬體或虛擬機器中執行叢集的其他許多工作負載。Failover clustering - a Windows Server feature that enables you to group multiple servers together into a fault-tolerant cluster - provides new and improved features for software-defined datacenter customers and many other workloads running clusters on physical hardware or in virtual machines.

容錯移轉叢集是由獨立電腦組成的群組，它們共同運作以提升叢集角色 (之前稱為叢集應用程式和服務) 的可用性及擴充性。A failover cluster is a group of independent computers that work together to increase the availability and scalability of clustered roles (formerly called clustered applications and services). 各個叢集伺服器 (稱為節點) 是透過實體纜線與軟體連接。The clustered servers (called nodes) are connected by physical cables and by software. 如果其中一或多個叢集節點失敗，其他節點即會透過稱為「容錯移轉」的程序開始提供服務。If one or more of the cluster nodes fail, other nodes begin to provide service (a process known as failover). 不僅如此，叢集角色還會主動監看以確認服務正常運作。In addition, the clustered roles are proactively monitored to verify that they are working properly. 如果服務沒有運作，就會重新啟動或移到另一個節點。If they are not working, they are restarted or moved to another node.

容錯移轉叢集也提供叢集共用磁碟區 (CSV) 功能，此功能提供一致的分散式命名空間，叢集角色可使用這個空間從所有節點存取共用存放空間。Failover clusters also provide Cluster Shared Volume (CSV) functionality that provides a consistent, distributed namespace that clustered roles can use to access shared storage from all nodes. 透過容錯移轉叢集功能，使用者幾乎不會感覺到服務中斷的情況。With the Failover Clustering feature, users experience a minimum of disruptions in service.

容錯叢集有許多實用的應用程式，包括：Failover Clustering has many practical applications, including:

  • Microsoft SQL Server 和 Hyper-V 虛擬機器之類應用程式的高可用性或持續可用的檔案共用儲存區Highly available or continuously available file share storage for applications such as Microsoft SQL Server and Hyper-V virtual machines
  • 在實體伺服器或安裝在執行 Hyper-V 伺服器的虛擬機器上執行的高可用性叢集角色Highly available clustered roles that run on physical servers or on virtual machines that are installed on servers running Hyper-V

新功能What's new

以下是一些 Windows Server 2016 中的新功能，如需詳細資訊，請參閱容錯移轉叢集的新功能：Here are some of the new features in Windows Server 2016 - for more details, see What's new in Failover Clustering:

叢集作業系統輪流升級Cluster operating system rolling upgrades

能讓系統管理員升級叢集節點的作業系統，無須停止 Hyper-V 或向外延展檔案伺服器工作負載。Enables an administrator to upgrade the operating system of the cluster nodes from without stopping the Hyper-V or the Scale-Out File Server workloads.

容錯移轉叢集的雲端見證Cloud Witness for a Failover Cluster

新類型的仲裁見證，運用 Microsoft Azure 協助判斷當節點離線時，哪些叢集節點應被視為權威。A new type of quorum witness that leverages Microsoft Azure to help determine which cluster node should be considered authoritative if a node goes offline.

健全狀況服務Health Service

改善「儲存空間直接存取」叢集的日常監視、作業及維護體驗。Improves the day-to-day monitoring, operations, and maintenance experience of Storage Spaces Direct clusters.

容錯網域Fault Domains

可讓您定義哪個容錯網域要搭配儲存空間直接存取叢集使用。Enables you to define what fault domain to use with a Storage Spaces Direct cluster. 容錯網域是共用單一失敗點的一組硬體，例如伺服器節點、服器底座或機架。A fault domain is a set of hardware that share a single point of failure, such as a server node, server chassis, or rack.

VM 負載平衡VM load balancing

透過辨別忙碌的節點並即時移轉 VM 至較不忙碌的節點，協助負載平均分散至容錯移轉叢集的節點。Helps load be evenly distributed across nodes in a Failover Cluster by identifying busy nodes and live-migrating VMs on these nodes to less busy nodes.

簡化 SMB 多重通道和多個 NIC 的叢集網路Simplified SMB Multichannel and multi-NIC cluster networks

簡化設定叢集中的多個網路介面卡。Enables easier configuration of multiple network adapters in a cluster.

規劃Planning

部署Deployment

操作Operations

工具及設定Tools and settings

社群資源Community resources