支援各種硬體的陰影圖

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在運作速度更快的裝置上轉譯更高精確度的陰影，在功能較不強大的裝置上則更快呈現陰影。 《逐步解說：使用 Direct3D 11 中的深度緩衝區實作陰影體》第 4 部分。

比較篩選類型

只有在裝置能夠承受效能降低時，才使用線性篩選。 一般而言，Direct3D 功能層級 9_1 的裝置不足以執行線性篩選陰影。 對於這些裝置請改用點篩選。 使用線性篩選時，請調整像素著色器，使其融合陰影邊緣。

建立用於點篩選的比較取樣器：

D3D11_SAMPLER_DESC comparisonSamplerDesc;
ZeroMemory(&comparisonSamplerDesc, sizeof(D3D11_SAMPLER_DESC));
comparisonSamplerDesc.AddressU = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_BORDER;
comparisonSamplerDesc.AddressV = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_BORDER;
comparisonSamplerDesc.AddressW = D3D11_TEXTURE_ADDRESS_BORDER;
comparisonSamplerDesc.BorderColor[0] = 1.0f;
comparisonSamplerDesc.BorderColor[1] = 1.0f;
comparisonSamplerDesc.BorderColor[2] = 1.0f;
comparisonSamplerDesc.BorderColor[3] = 1.0f;
comparisonSamplerDesc.MinLOD = 0.f;
comparisonSamplerDesc.MaxLOD = D3D11_FLOAT32_MAX;
comparisonSamplerDesc.MipLODBias = 0.f;
comparisonSamplerDesc.MaxAnisotropy = 0;
comparisonSamplerDesc.ComparisonFunc = D3D11_COMPARISON_LESS_EQUAL;
comparisonSamplerDesc.Filter = D3D11_FILTER_COMPARISON_MIN_MAG_MIP_POINT;

// Point filtered shadows can be faster, and may be a good choice when
// rendering on hardware with lower feature levels. This sample has a
// UI option to enable/disable filtering so you can see the difference
// in quality and speed.

DX::ThrowIfFailed(
    pD3DDevice->CreateSamplerState(
        &comparisonSamplerDesc,
        &m_comparisonSampler_point
        )
    );

然後建立用於線性篩選的取樣器：

comparisonSamplerDesc.Filter = D3D11_FILTER_COMPARISON_MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR;
DX::ThrowIfFailed(
    pD3DDevice->CreateSamplerState(
        &comparisonSamplerDesc,
        &m_comparisonSampler_linear
        )
    );

選擇取樣器：

ID3D11PixelShader* pixelShader;
ID3D11SamplerState** comparisonSampler;
if (m_useLinear)
{
    pixelShader = m_shadowPixelShader_linear.Get();
    comparisonSampler = m_comparisonSampler_linear.GetAddressOf();
}
else
{
    pixelShader = m_shadowPixelShader_point.Get();
    comparisonSampler = m_comparisonSampler_point.GetAddressOf();
}

// Attach our pixel shader.
context->PSSetShader(
    pixelShader,
    nullptr,
    0
    );

context->PSSetSamplers(0, 1, comparisonSampler);
context->PSSetShaderResources(0, 1, m_shadowResourceView.GetAddressOf());

使用線性篩選融合陰影邊緣：

// Blends the shadow area into the lit area.
float3 light = lighting * (ambient + DplusS(N, L, NdotL, input.view));
float3 shadow = (1.0f - lighting) * ambient;
return float4(input.color * (light + shadow), 1.f);

陰影緩衝區大小

較大的陰影圖看起來不會呈塊狀，但在圖形記憶體中會佔用更多的空間。 在您的遊戲中實驗不同的陰影圖大小，並觀察不同類型的裝置和不同顯示大小的結果。 請考慮最佳化 (例如：串聯陰影圖)，以取得佔用較少圖形記憶體且更佳的結果。 請參閱＜改善陰影深度圖的常見技巧＞。

陰影緩衝區深度

陰影緩衝區中更高的精確度可提供更準確的深度測試結果，有助於避免 z 緩衝區衝突之類的問題。 但是，就像較大的陰影圖一樣，更高的精確度會佔用更多記憶體。 在遊戲中實驗不同的深度精確度類型 (DXGI_FORMAT_R24G8_TYPELESS 和 DXGI_FORMAT_R16_TYPELESS)，然後觀察不同功能層級的速度和品質。

最佳化先行編譯的著色器

通用 Windows 平台 (UWP) 應用程式可使用動態著色器編譯，但使用動態著色器連結的速度更快。 您也可以使用編譯器指示詞和 #ifdef 區塊，建立不同版本的著色器。 做法是在文字編輯器中開啟 Visual Studio 專案，並為 HLSL 新增多個 <FxcCompiler> 項目 (各有適當的處理器定義)。 請注意，這需要使用不同的檔名；在此情況下，Visual Studio 會將 _point 和 _linear 附加至不同版本的著色器。

線性篩選版著色器的專案檔案項目定義 LINEAR：

<FxCompile Include="Content\ShadowPixelShader.hlsl">
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <DisableOptimizations Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">false</DisableOptimizations>
  <EnableDebuggingInformation Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">true</EnableDebuggingInformation>
  <DisableOptimizations Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">false</DisableOptimizations>
  <DisableOptimizations Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">false</DisableOptimizations>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_linear.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_linear.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_linear.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_linear.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_linear.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_linear.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <PreprocessorDefinitions Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">LINEAR</PreprocessorDefinitions>
  <PreprocessorDefinitions Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM'">LINEAR</PreprocessorDefinitions>
  <PreprocessorDefinitions Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">LINEAR</PreprocessorDefinitions>
  <PreprocessorDefinitions Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">LINEAR</PreprocessorDefinitions>
  <PreprocessorDefinitions Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">LINEAR</PreprocessorDefinitions>
  <PreprocessorDefinitions Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">LINEAR</PreprocessorDefinitions>
</FxCompile>

線性篩選版著色器的專案檔案項目不包含前置處理器定義：

<FxCompile Include="Content\ShadowPixelShader.hlsl">
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <ShaderType Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">Pixel</ShaderType>
  <DisableOptimizations Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">false</DisableOptimizations>
  <EnableDebuggingInformation Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">true</EnableDebuggingInformation>
  <DisableOptimizations Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">false</DisableOptimizations>
  <DisableOptimizations Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">false</DisableOptimizations>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_point.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_point.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_point.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_point.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_point.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
  <ObjectFileOutput Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">$(OutDir)%(Filename)_point.cso</ObjectFileOutput>
</FxCompile>