Seeing your reply to Cathy, I think the feature that best meets you requirement is Dynamic Data Masking. With this feature data is not stored as encrypted. However, unless the user has the UNMASK permission, the data showed as masked. For instance, in your example, the first user would see something like xxxxxx1234, depending on how you set up the mask.
You can read more about Dynamic Data Masking here: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/security/dynamic-data-masking?view=sql-server-ver15