Windows 10 IoT Core is a stripped down version of Windows for devices. Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC (aka Windows 10 IoT Enterprise) is used by OEMs to build things like digital displays, ATM machine, CNC equipment, medical devices, etc. It is not stripped down, but you create a custom image with only the items you need. There are features like UWF and shell launcher that help lock the system down even further. I help companies create custom Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC for their devices, and it is widely used.
More information can be found here: https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/
My book covers how to build a custom Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC image: https://annabooks.com/Book_SGWin10IoTE.html
FYI - IoT Core and IoT Enterprise are merging: https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/microsoft-to-combine-windows-10-iot-core-and-iot-enterprise-in-2021/ar-BB14tgJp