This is by design since calculated column is stored as sql_variant data type in Database, the sql_variant doesn’t support the like query, so the error occurs.
Reproduced issue:
As a workaround, we suggest you use FilterField/FilterValue parameters to find exact matches on single value per calculated column:
http://sp13:xxxxx/Lists/list712/AllItems.aspx?FilterField1=Cal&FilterValue1=HelloWord
Similar issue for your reference:
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