Authentication mechanism

Important

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Trino with HDInsight on AKS provides tools such as CLI client, JDBC driver etc., to access the cluster, which is integrated with Microsoft Entra ID to simplify the authentication for users. Supported tools or clients need to authenticate using Microsoft Entra ID OAuth2 standards that are, a JWT access token issued by Microsoft Entra ID must be provided to the cluster endpoint.

This section describes common authentication flows supported by the tools.

Authentication flows overview

The following authentication flows are supported.

Note

Name is reserved and should be used to specify certain flow.

Name	Required parameters	Optional parameters	Description
AzureDefault	None	Tenant ID, client ID	Meant to be used during development in interactive environment. In most cases, user sign-in using browser. See details.
AzureInteractive	None	Tenant ID, client ID	User authenticates using browser. See details.
AzureDeviceCode	None	Tenant ID, client ID	Meant for environments where browser isn't available. Device code provided to the user requires an action to sign-in on another device using the code and browser.
AzureClientSecret	Tenant ID, client ID, client secret	None	Service principal identity is used, credentials required, non-interactive.
AzureClientCertificate	Tenant ID, client ID, certificate file path	Secret/password. If provided, used to decrypt PFX certificate. Otherwise expects PEM format.	Service principal identity is used, certificate required, non-interactive. See details.
AzureManagedIdentity	Tenant ID, client ID	None	Uses managed identity of the environment, for example, on Azure VMs or AKS pods.

AzureDefault flow

This flow is default mode for the Trino CLI and JDBC if auth parameter isn't specified. In this mode, client tool attempts to obtain the token using several methods until token is acquired. In the following chained execution, if token isn't found or authentication fails, process will continue with next method:

DefaultAzureCredential -> AzureInteractive -> AzureDeviceCode (if no browser)

AzureInteractive flow

This mode is used when auth=AzureInteractive is provided or as part of AzureDefault chained execution.

Note

If browser is available, it will show authentication prompt and awaits user action. If browser isn't available, it will fallback to AzureDeviceCode flow.

AzureClientCertificate flow

Allows using PEM/PFX(PKCS #12) files for service principal authentication. If secret/password is provided, expects file in PFX(PKCS #12) format and uses the secret to decrypt the file. If secret isn't provided, expects PEM formatted file to include private and public keys.

Environment variables

All the required parameters could be provided to CLI/JDBC directly in arguments or connection string. Some of the optional parameters, if not provided, is looked up in environment variables.

Note

Make sure to check environment variables if you face authentication issues. They may affect the flow.

The following table describes the parameters that can be configured in environment variables for the different authentication flows.
They will only be used if corresponding parameter isn't provided in the command line or connection string.

Variable name	Applicable authentication flows	Description
AZURE_TENANT_ID	All	Microsoft Entra tenant ID.
AZURE_CLIENT_ID	AzureClientSecret, AzureClientCertificate, AzureManagedIdentity	Application/principal client ID.
AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET	AzureClientSecret, AzureClientCertificate	Secret or password for service principal or certificate file.
AZURE_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE_PATH	AzureClientCertificate	Path to certificate file.