Resource limits for single databases using the vCore-based purchasing model
This article provides the detailed resource limits for Azure SQL Database single databases using the vCore-based purchasing model.
For DTU-based purchasing model limits for single databases on a SQL Database server, see Overview of resource limits on a SQL Database server.
Important
Under some circumstances, you may need to shrink a database to reclaim unused space. For more information, see Manage file space in Azure SQL Database.
You can set the service tier, compute size, and storage amount for a single database using the Azure portal, Transact-SQL, PowerShell, the Azure CLI, or the REST API.
Important
For scaling guidance and considerations, see Scale a single database.
General Purpose service tier: Storage sizes and compute sizes
General Purpose service tier: Generation 4 compute platform (part 1)
| Compute size | GP_Gen4_1 | GP_Gen4_2 | GP_Gen4_3 | GP_Gen4_4 | GP_Gen4_5 | GP_Gen4_6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| vCores | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Memory (GB) | 7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 35 | 42 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Max data size (GB) | 1024 | 1024 | 1024 | 1536 | 1536 | 1536 |
| Max log size (GB) | 307 | 307 | 307 | 461 | 461 | 461 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 32 | 64 | 96 | 128 | 160 | 192 |
| Storage type | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage |
| IO latency (approximate) | 5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 500 | 1000 | 1500 | 2000 | 2500 | 3000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 3.75 | 7.5 | 11.25 | 15 | 18.75 | 22.5 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 200 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Multi-AZ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Read Scale-out | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
General Purpose service tier: Generation 4 compute platform (part 2)
| Compute size | GP_Gen4_7 | GP_Gen4_8 | GP_Gen4_9 | GP_Gen4_10 | GP_Gen4_16 | GP_Gen4_24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| vCores | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 16 | 24 |
| Memory (GB) | 49 | 56 | 63 | 70 | 112 | 168 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Max data size (GB) | 1536 | 3072 | 3072 | 3072 | 4096 | 4096 |
| Max log size (GB) | 461 | 922 | 922 | 922 | 1229 | 1229 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 224 | 256 | 288 | 320 | 384 | 384 |
| Storage type | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage |
| IO latency (approximate) | 5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 3500 | 4000 | 4500 | 5000 | 7000 | 7000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 26.25 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 3200 | 4800 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Multi-AZ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Read Scale-out | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
General Purpose service tier: Generation 5 compute platform (part 1)
| Compute size | GP_Gen5_2 | GP_Gen5_4 | GP_Gen5_6 | GP_Gen5_8 | GP_Gen5_10 | GP_Gen5_12 | GP_Gen5_14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| vCores | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 |
| Memory (GB) | 10.2 | 20.4 | 30.6 | 40.8 | 51 | 61.2 | 71.4 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Max data size (GB) | 1024 | 1024 | 1536 | 1536 | 1536 | 3072 | 3072 |
| Max log size (GB) | 307 | 307 | 307 | 461 | 461 | 461 | 461 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 64 | 128 | 192 | 256 | 320 | 384 | 384 |
| Storage type | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage |
| IO latency (approximate) | 5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 1000 | 2000 | 3000 | 4000 | 5000 | 6000 | 7000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 3.75 | 7.5 | 11.25 | 15 | 18.75 | 22.5 | 26.25 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 200 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Multi-AZ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Read Scale-out | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
General Purpose service tier: Generation 5 compute platform (part 2)
| Compute size | GP_Gen5_16 | GP_Gen5_18 | GP_Gen5_20 | GP_Gen5_24 | GP_Gen5_32 | GP_Gen5_40 | GP_Gen5_80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| vCores | 16 | 18 | 20 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 80 |
| Memory (GB) | 81.6 | 91.8 | 102 | 122.4 | 163.2 | 204 | 408 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Max data size (GB) | 3072 | 3072 | 3072 | 4096 | 4096 | 4096 | 4096 |
| Max log size (GB) | 922 | 922 | 922 | 1229 | 1229 | 1229 | 1229 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 |
| Storage type | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage |
| IO latency (approximate) | 5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 7000 | 7000 | 7000 | 7000 | 7000 | 7000 | 7000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 2400 | 3200 | 4000 | 8000 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Multi-AZ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Read Scale-out | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
Serverless compute tier
The serverless compute tier is in preview and is only for single databases using the vCore purchasing model.
Generation 5 compute platform
| Compute size | GP_S_Gen5_1 | GP_S_Gen5_2 | GP_S_Gen5_4 |
|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Min-max vCores | 0.5-1 | 0.5-2 | 0.5-4 |
| Min-max memory (GB) | 2.02-3 | 2.05-6 | 2.10-12 |
| Min auto-pause delay (hours) | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Max data size (GB) | 512 | 1024 | 1024 |
| Max log size (GB) | 12 | 24 | 48 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 32 | 64 | 128 |
| Storage type | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage | Premium (Remote) Storage |
| IO latency (approximate) | 5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
5-7 ms (write) 5-10 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 500 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 2.5 | 5.6 | 10 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 75 | 150 | 300 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Multi-AZ | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Read Scale-out | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
Business Critical service tier for provisioned compute tier
Business Critical service tier: Generation 4 compute platform (part 1)
| Compute size | BC_Gen4_1 | BC_Gen4_2 | BC_Gen4_3 | BC_Gen4_4 | BC_Gen4_5 | BC_Gen4_6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| vCores | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Memory (GB) | 7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 35 | 42 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Storage type | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD |
| Max data size (GB) | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 |
| Max log size (GB) | 195 | 195 | 195 | 195 | 195 | 195 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 32 | 64 | 96 | 128 | 160 | 192 |
| IO latency (approximate) | 1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 5000 | 10000 | 15000 | 20000 | 25000 | 30000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 8 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 48 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 200 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 |
| Max concurrent logins | 200 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Multi-AZ | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Read Scale-out | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
Business Critical service tier: Generation 4 compute platform (part 2)
| Compute size | BC_Gen4_7 | BC_Gen4_8 | BC_Gen4_9 | BC_Gen4_10 | BC_Gen4_16 | BC_Gen4_24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| vCores | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 16 | 24 |
| Memory (GB) | 49 | 56 | 63 | 70 | 112 | 168 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | 7 | 8 | 9.5 | 11 | 20 | 36 |
| Storage type | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD |
| Max data size (GB) | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 | 1024 | 1024 |
| Max log size (GB) | 195 | 195 | 195 | 195 | 307 | 307 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 224 | 256 | 288 | 320 | 384 | 384 |
| IO latency (approximate) | 1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 35000 | 40000 | 45000 | 50000 | 80000 | 120000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 56 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 3200 | 4800 |
| Max concurrent logins (requests) | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 3200 | 4800 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Multi-AZ | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Read Scale-out | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
Business Critical service tier: Generation 5 compute platform (part 1)
| Compute size | BC_Gen5_2 | BC_Gen5_4 | BC_Gen5_6 | BC_Gen5_8 | BC_Gen5_10 | BC_Gen5_12 | BC_Gen5_14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| vCores | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 |
| Memory (GB) | 10.2 | 20.4 | 30.6 | 40.8 | 51 | 61.2 | 71.4 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | 1.571 | 3.142 | 4.713 | 6.284 | 8.655 | 11.026 | 13.397 |
| Max data size (GB) | 1024 | 1024 | 1536 | 1536 | 1536 | 3072 | 3072 |
| Max log size (GB) | 307 | 307 | 307 | 461 | 461 | 922 | 922 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 64 | 128 | 192 | 256 | 320 | 384 | 384 |
| Storage type | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD |
| IO latency (approximate) | 1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 8000 | 16000 | 24000 | 32000 | 40000 | 48000 | 56000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 12 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 60 | 72 | 84 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 200 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 |
| Max concurrent logins | 200 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Multi-AZ | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Read Scale-out | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
Business Critical service tier: Generation 5 compute platform (part 2)
| Compute size | BC_Gen5_16 | BC_Gen5_18 | BC_Gen5_20 | BC_Gen5_24 | BC_Gen5_32 | BC_Gen5_40 | BC_Gen5_80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| vCores | 16 | 18 | 20 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 80 |
| Memory (GB) | 81.6 | 91.8 | 102 | 122.4 | 163.2 | 204 | 408 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | 15.768 | 18.139 | 20.51 | 25.252 | 37.936 | 52.22 | 131.64 |
| Max data size (GB) | 3072 | 3072 | 3072 | 4096 | 4096 | 4096 | 4096 |
| Max log size (GB) | 922 | 922 | 922 | 1229 | 1229 | 1229 | 1229 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 |
| Storage type | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD |
| IO latency (approximate) | 1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
1-2 ms (write) 1-2 ms (read) |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | 64000 | 72000 | 80000 | 96000 | 128000 | 160000 | 320000 |
| Log rate limits (MBps) | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 2400 | 3200 | 4000 | 8000 |
| Max concurrent logins | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 2400 | 3200 | 4000 | 8000 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Multi-AZ | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Read Scale-out | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Included backup storage | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size | 1X DB size |
Hyperscale service tier
Generation 5 compute platform
| Performance level | HS_Gen5_2 | HS_Gen5_4 | HS_Gen5_8 | HS_Gen5_16 | HS_Gen5_24 | HS_Gen5_32 | HS_Gen5_40 | HS_Gen5_80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H/W generation | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| vCores | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 80 |
| Memory (GB) | 10.2 | 20.4 | 40.8 | 81.6 | 122.4 | 163.2 | 204 | 408 |
| Columnstore support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| In-memory OLTP storage (GB) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Max data size (TB) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Max log size (TB) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| TempDB size (GB) | 64 | 128 | 256 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 | 384 |
| Storage type | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD | Local SSD |
| Target IOPS (64 KB) | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined |
| IO latency (approximate) | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined | To be determined |
| Max concurrent workers (requests) | 200 | 400 | 800 | 1600 | 2400 | 3200 | 4000 | 8000 |
| Max allowed sessions | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 | 30000 |
| Number of replicas | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Multi-AZ | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Read Scale-out | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Included backup storage | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
Next steps
- For DTU resource limits for a single database, see resource limits for single databases using the DTU-based purchasing model
- For vCore resource limits for elastic pools, see resource limits for elastic pools using the vCore-based purchasing model
- For DTU resource limits for elastic pools, see resource limits for elastic pools using the DTU-based purchasing model
- For resource limits for managed instances, see managed instance resource limits.
- For information about general Azure limits, see Azure subscription and service limits, quotas, and constraints.
- For information about resource limits on a database server, see overview of resource limits on a SQL Database server for information about limits at the server and subscription levels.
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