Esempio di programmazione di delegati asincroni
Nell'esempio di codice riportato di seguito viene mostrato l'utilizzo della programmazione asincrona di .NET tramite una classe che fattorizza alcuni numeri. Nell'esempio viene definita una classe con un singolo metodo Factorize che calcola i fattori primi di un numero specificato. Viene inoltre definito un delegato denominato AsyncFactorCaller con una firma che corrisponde a quella del metodo Factorize. Il delegato viene utilizzato dai metodi della classe DemonstrateAsyncPattern per chiamare il metodo Factorize in modo asincrono. Il metodo FactorizeNumberUsingCallback illustra l'utilizzo di un delegato AsyncCallback per terminare l'operazione asincrona e ottenere i risultati. Il metodo FactorizeNumberAndWait mostra l'esecuzione periodica del polling per determinare se l'operazione è stata completata.
Esempio
Imports System
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging
Namespace Examples.AdvancedProgramming.AsynchronousOperations
' Create a class that factors a number.
Public Class PrimeFactorFinder
Public Shared Function Factorize( _
ByVal number as Integer, _
Byref primefactor1 as Integer, _
Byref primefactor2 as Integer) as Boolean
primefactor1 = 1
primefactor2 = number
' Factorize using a low-tech approach.
For i as Integer =2 To number-1
If 0 = (number MOD i)
primefactor1 = i
primefactor2 = number / i
Exit For
End If
Next i
If 1 = primefactor1
Return False
Else
Return True
End If
End Function
End Class
' Create an asynchronous delegate that matches the Factorize method.
Public delegate Function AsyncFactorCaller ( _
number as Integer, _
ByRef primefactor1 as Integer, _
ByRef primefactor2 as Integer) as Boolean
Public Class DemonstrateAsyncPattern
' The waiter object is used to keep the main application thread
' from terminating before the callback method completes.
Dim waiter as ManualResetEvent
' Define the method that is invoked when the results are available.
Public Sub FactorizedResults(result as IAsyncResult)
Dim factor1 as Integer =0
Dim factor2 as Integer =0
' Extract the delegate from the
' System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.AsyncResult.
Dim ar as AsyncResult = CType (result, AsyncResult)
Dim delegateObject as Object = ar.AsyncDelegate
Dim factorDelegate as AsyncFactorCaller = _
CType(delegateObject, AsyncFactorCaller)
Dim number as Integer = CType(result.AsyncState, Integer)
Dim answer as Boolean
' Obtain the result.
answer = factorDelegate.EndInvoke(factor1, factor2, result)
' Output the results.
Console.WriteLine("On CallBack: Factors of {0} : {1} {2} - {3}", _
number, factor1, factor2, answer)
waiter.Set()
End Sub
' The following method demonstrates the asynchronous pattern using a callback method.
Public Sub FactorizeNumberUsingCallback()
Dim factorDelegate as AsyncFactorCaller
Dim result as IAsyncResult
Dim callback as AsyncCallback
Dim number as Integer = 1000589023
Dim temp as Integer = 0
' Waiter will keep the main application thread from
'' ending before the callback completes because
' the main thread blocks until the waiter is signaled
' in the callback.
waiter = new ManualResetEvent(False)
factorDelegate = AddressOf PrimeFactorFinder.Factorize
' Define the AsyncCallback delegate.
callBack = new AsyncCallback (AddressOf FactorizedResults)
' Asynchronously invoke the Factorize method.
result = factorDelegate.BeginInvoke( _
number, _
temp, _
temp, _
callBack, _
number)
End Sub
' The following method demonstrates the asynchronous pattern
' using a BeginInvoke, followed by waiting with a time-out.
Public Sub FactorizeNumberAndWait()
Dim factorDelegate as AsyncFactorCaller
Dim result as IAsyncResult
factorDelegate = AddressOf PrimeFactorFinder.Factorize
Dim number as Integer = 1000589023
Dim temp as Integer = 0
' Asynchronously invoke the Factorize method.
result = factorDelegate.BeginInvoke( _
number, _
temp, _
temp, _
Nothing, _
Nothing)
Do While result.IsCompleted = False
' Do any work you can do before waiting.
result.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(10000, false)
Loop
' The asynchronous operation has completed.
Dim factor1 as Integer = 0
Dim factor2 as Integer = 0
Dim answer as Boolean
' Obtain the result.
answer = factorDelegate.EndInvoke(factor1, factor2, result)
' Output the results.
Console.WriteLine("Sequential : Factors of {0} : {1} {2} - {3}", _
number, factor1, factor2, answer)
End Sub
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim demonstrator as DemonstrateAsyncPattern
demonstrator = new DemonstrateAsyncPattern()
demonstrator.FactorizeNumberUsingCallback()
demonstrator.FactorizeNumberAndWait()
End Sub
End Class
End Namespace
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
namespace Examples.AdvancedProgramming.AsynchronousOperations
{
// Create a class that factors a number.
public class PrimeFactorFinder
{
public static bool Factorize(
int number,
ref int primefactor1,
ref int primefactor2)
{
primefactor1 = 1;
primefactor2 = number;
// Factorize using a low-tech approach.
for (int i=2;i<number;i++)
{
if (0 == (number % i))
{
primefactor1 = i;
primefactor2 = number / i;
break;
}
}
if (1 == primefactor1 )
return false;
else
return true ;
}
}
// Create an asynchronous delegate that matches the Factorize method.
public delegate bool AsyncFactorCaller (
int number,
ref int primefactor1,
ref int primefactor2);
public class DemonstrateAsyncPattern
{
// The waiter object used to keep the main application thread
// from terminating before the callback method completes.
ManualResetEvent waiter;
// Define the method that receives a callback when the results are available.
public void FactorizedResults(IAsyncResult result)
{
int factor1=0;
int factor2=0;
// Extract the delegate from the
// System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.AsyncResult.
AsyncFactorCaller factorDelegate = (AsyncFactorCaller)((AsyncResult)result).AsyncDelegate;
int number = (int) result.AsyncState;
// Obtain the result.
bool answer = factorDelegate.EndInvoke(ref factor1, ref factor2, result);
// Output the results.
Console.WriteLine("On CallBack: Factors of {0} : {1} {2} - {3}",
number, factor1, factor2, answer);
waiter.Set();
}
// The following method demonstrates the asynchronous pattern using a callback method.
public void FactorizeNumberUsingCallback()
{
AsyncFactorCaller factorDelegate = new AsyncFactorCaller (PrimeFactorFinder.Factorize);
int number = 1000589023;
int temp=0;
// Waiter will keep the main application thread from
// ending before the callback completes because
// the main thread blocks until the waiter is signaled
// in the callback.
waiter = new ManualResetEvent(false);
// Define the AsyncCallback delegate.
AsyncCallback callBack = new AsyncCallback(this.FactorizedResults);
// Asynchronously invoke the Factorize method.
IAsyncResult result = factorDelegate.BeginInvoke(
number,
ref temp,
ref temp,
callBack,
number);
// Do some other useful work while
// waiting for the asynchronous operation to complete.
// When no more work can be done, wait.
waiter.WaitOne();
}
// The following method demonstrates the asynchronous pattern
// using a BeginInvoke, followed by waiting with a time-out.
public void FactorizeNumberAndWait()
{
AsyncFactorCaller factorDelegate = new AsyncFactorCaller (PrimeFactorFinder.Factorize);
int number = 1000589023;
int temp=0;
// Asynchronously invoke the Factorize method.
IAsyncResult result = factorDelegate.BeginInvoke(
number,
ref temp,
ref temp,
null,
null);
while (!result.IsCompleted)
{
// Do any work you can do before waiting.
result.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(10000, false);
}
// The asynchronous operation has completed.
int factor1=0;
int factor2=0;
// Obtain the result.
bool answer = factorDelegate.EndInvoke(ref factor1, ref factor2, result);
// Output the results.
Console.WriteLine("Sequential : Factors of {0} : {1} {2} - {3}",
number, factor1, factor2, answer);
}
public static void Main()
{
DemonstrateAsyncPattern demonstrator = new DemonstrateAsyncPattern();
demonstrator.FactorizeNumberUsingCallback();
demonstrator.FactorizeNumberAndWait();
}
}
}