PerformanceCounter クラス

[アーティクル]
03/28/2008

Windows NT パフォーマンスカウンタコンポーネントを表します。

この型のすべてのメンバの一覧については、PerformanceCounter メンバを参照してください。

System.Object
   System.MarshalByRefObject
      System.ComponentModel.Component
         System.Diagnostics.PerformanceCounter

NotInheritable Public Class PerformanceCounter
   Inherits Component
   Implements ISupportInitialize
[C#]
public sealed class PerformanceCounter : Component,
   ISupportInitialize
[C++]
public __gc __sealed class PerformanceCounter : public Component,
   ISupportInitialize
[JScript]
public class PerformanceCounter extends Component implements
   ISupportInitialize

スレッドセーフ

この型は、マルチスレッド操作に対して安全です。

解説

PerformanceCounter コンポーネントを使用して、既存の定義済みカウンタまたはカスタムカウンタを読み取ることも、パフォーマンスデータをカスタムカウンタに発行する (書き込む) こともできます。

パフォーマンスカウンタを読み取るには、 PerformanceCounter クラスのインスタンスを作成し、 CategoryName プロパティと CounterName プロパティを設定し、オプションで InstanceName プロパティまたは MachineName プロパティを設定します。次に、 NextValue メソッドを呼び出して、読み取るパフォーマンスカウンタを取得します。

パフォーマンスカウンタデータを発行するには、 PerformanceCounterCategory.Create メソッドを使用して 1 つ以上のカスタムカウンタを作成します。次に、 PerformanceCounter クラスのインスタンスを作成し、 CategoryName プロパティと CounterName プロパティを設定し、オプションで InstanceName プロパティまたは MachineName プロパティを設定します。次に、 IncrementBy メソッド、 Increment メソッド、または Decrement メソッドを呼び出すか、 RawValue プロパティを設定して、カスタムカウンタの値を変更します。

カウンタは、パフォーマンスデータを収集する機構です。すべてのカウンタの名前がレジストリに格納され、各カウンタはシステム機能の特定の領域に関連します。例には、プロセッサのビジー時間、メモリの使用状況、ネットワーク接続で受信したバイト数などが含まれます。

各カウンタは、名前と場所で一意に識別されます。ファイルパスが、ドライブ名、ディレクトリ名、1 つ以上のサブディレクトリ名、およびファイル名で構成されるように、カウンタ情報も、コンピュータ名、カテゴリ名、カテゴリインスタンス名、カウンタ名の 4 つの要素で構成されます。

カウンタ情報には、カウンタがデータを測定する対象のカテゴリまたはパフォーマンスオブジェクトを含める必要があります。コンピュータのカテゴリには、プロセッサ、ディスク、メモリなどの物理コンポーネントが含まれます。プロセスやスレッドなどのシステムカテゴリもあります。各カテゴリはコンピュータ内の機能要素に関連し、それぞれに標準カウンタのセットが割り当てられます。これらのオブジェクトは、Windows 2000 システムモニタの [カウンタの追加] ダイアログボックスの [パフォーマンスオブジェクト] ボックスの一覧に表示されます。カウンタパスにはこれらを含める必要があります。パフォーマンスデータは、関連するカテゴリによってグループ化されます。

場合によっては、同じカテゴリの複数のコピーが存在します。たとえば、複数のプロセスとスレッドが同時に実行されることがあります。また、複数のプロセッサが搭載されているコンピュータもあります。カテゴリのコピーをカテゴリインスタンスと呼びます。インスタンスごとに、標準カウンタのセットが割り当てられます。1 つのカテゴリに複数のインスタンスがある場合は、カウンタ情報でインスタンスを明確化する必要があります。

必要な計算を実行するために初期値または前の値が必要な場合、このようなカウンタのパフォーマンスデータを取得するには、 NextValue メソッドを 2 回呼び出して、返された情報をアプリケーションの要件に応じて使用します。

使用例

 
Imports System
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Collections.Specialized
Imports System.Diagnostics

 _

Public Class App
   
   Private Shared PC As PerformanceCounter
   Private Shared BPC As PerformanceCounter
   
   
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      
      Dim samplesList As New ArrayList()
      
      SetupCategory()
      CreateCounters()
      CollectSamples(samplesList)
      CalculateResults(samplesList)
   End Sub 'Main
    
   
   
   Private Shared Function SetupCategory() As Boolean
      If Not PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("AverageCounter64SampleCategory") Then
         
         Dim CCDC As New CounterCreationDataCollection()
         
         ' Add the counter.
         Dim averageCount64 As New CounterCreationData()
         averageCount64.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageCount64
         averageCount64.CounterName = "AverageCounter64Sample"
         CCDC.Add(averageCount64)
         
         ' Add the base counter.
         Dim averageCount64Base As New CounterCreationData()
         averageCount64Base.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageBase
         averageCount64Base.CounterName = "AverageCounter64SampleBase"
         CCDC.Add(averageCount64Base)
         
         ' Create the category.
         PerformanceCounterCategory.Create("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", "Demonstrates usage of the AverageCounter64 performance counter type.", CCDC)
         
         Return True
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("Category exists - AverageCounter64SampleCategory")
         Return False
      End If
   End Function 'SetupCategory
   
   
   Private Shared Sub CreateCounters()
      ' Create the counters.

      PC = New PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", "AverageCounter64Sample", False)
      
      BPC = New PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", "AverageCounter64SampleBase", False)
      
      
      PC.RawValue = 0
      BPC.RawValue = 0
   End Sub 'CreateCounters
   
   
   Private Shared Sub CollectSamples(samplesList As ArrayList)
      
      Dim r As New Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond)
      
      ' Loop for the samples.
      Dim j As Integer
      For j = 0 To 99
         
         Dim value As Integer = r.Next(1, 10)
         Console.Write((j + " = " + value))
         
         PC.IncrementBy(value)
         
         BPC.Increment()
         
         If j Mod 10 = 9 Then
            OutputSample(PC.NextSample())
            samplesList.Add(PC.NextSample())
         Else
            Console.WriteLine()
         End If 
         System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50)
      Next j
   End Sub 'CollectSamples
    
   
   Private Shared Sub CalculateResults(samplesList As ArrayList)
      Dim i As Integer
      For i = 0 To (samplesList.Count - 1) - 1
         ' Output the sample.
         OutputSample(CType(samplesList(i), CounterSample))
         OutputSample(CType(samplesList((i + 1)), CounterSample))
         
         ' Use .NET to calculate the counter value.
         Console.WriteLine((".NET computed counter value = " + CounterSampleCalculator.ComputeCounterValue(CType(samplesList(i), CounterSample), CType(samplesList((i + 1)), CounterSample))))
         
         ' Calculate the counter value manually.
         Console.WriteLine(("My computed counter value = " + MyComputeCounterValue(CType(samplesList(i), CounterSample), CType(samplesList((i + 1)), CounterSample))))
      Next i
   End Sub 'CalculateResults
   
   
   
   
   '++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
   '    Description - This counter type shows how many items are processed, on average,
   '        during an operation. Counters of this type display a ratio of the items 
   '        processed (such as bytes sent) to the number of operations completed. The  
   '        ratio is calculated by comparing the number of items processed during the 
   '        last interval to the number of operations completed during the last interval. 
   ' Generic type - Average
   '      Formula - (N1 - N0) / (D1 - D0), where the numerator (N) represents the number 
   '        of items processed during the last sample interval and the denominator (D) 
   '        represents the number of operations completed during the last two sample 
   '        intervals. 
   '    Average (Nx - N0) / (Dx - D0)  
   '    Example PhysicalDisk\ Avg. Disk Bytes/Transfer 
   '++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
   Private Shared Function MyComputeCounterValue(s0 As CounterSample, s1 As CounterSample) As [Single]
      Dim numerator As [Single] = CType(s1.RawValue, [Single]) - CType(s0.RawValue, [Single])
      Dim denomenator As [Single] = CType(s1.BaseValue, [Single]) - CType(s0.BaseValue, [Single])
      Dim counterValue As [Single] = numerator / denomenator
      Return counterValue
   End Function 'MyComputeCounterValue
   
   
   ' Output information about the counter sample.
   Private Shared Sub OutputSample(s As CounterSample)
      Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Cr + "+++++++++++")
      Console.WriteLine("Sample values - " + ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Cr)
      Console.WriteLine(("   BaseValue        = " + s.BaseValue))
      Console.WriteLine(("   CounterFrequency = " + s.CounterFrequency))
      Console.WriteLine(("   CounterTimeStamp = " + s.CounterTimeStamp))
      Console.WriteLine(("   CounterType      = " + s.CounterType))
      Console.WriteLine(("   RawValue         = " + s.RawValue))
      Console.WriteLine(("   SystemFrequency  = " + s.SystemFrequency))
      Console.WriteLine(("   TimeStamp        = " + s.TimeStamp))
      Console.WriteLine(("   TimeStamp100nSec = " + s.TimeStamp100nSec))
      Console.WriteLine("++++++++++++++++++++++")
   End Sub 'OutputSample
End Class 'App

[C#] 

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Diagnostics;

public class App {

    private static PerformanceCounter PC;
    private static PerformanceCounter BPC;

    public static void Main()
    {    
    
        ArrayList samplesList = new ArrayList();

        SetupCategory();
        CreateCounters();
        CollectSamples(samplesList);
        CalculateResults(samplesList);

    }
    

    private static bool SetupCategory()
    {        
        if ( !PerformanceCounterCategory.Exists("AverageCounter64SampleCategory") ) 
        {

            CounterCreationDataCollection CCDC = new CounterCreationDataCollection();
            
            // Add the counter.
            CounterCreationData averageCount64 = new CounterCreationData();
            averageCount64.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageCount64;
            averageCount64.CounterName = "AverageCounter64Sample";
            CCDC.Add(averageCount64);
            
            // Add the base counter.
            CounterCreationData averageCount64Base = new CounterCreationData();
            averageCount64Base.CounterType = PerformanceCounterType.AverageBase;
            averageCount64Base.CounterName = "AverageCounter64SampleBase";
            CCDC.Add(averageCount64Base);

            // Create the category.
            PerformanceCounterCategory.Create("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", 
                "Demonstrates usage of the AverageCounter64 performance counter type.", 
                CCDC);
                
            return(true);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Category exists - AverageCounter64SampleCategory");
            return(false);
        }
    }
    
    private static void CreateCounters()
    {
        // Create the counters.

        PC = new PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", 
            "AverageCounter64Sample", 
            false);
        

        BPC = new PerformanceCounter("AverageCounter64SampleCategory", 
            "AverageCounter64SampleBase", 
            false);
        
        
        PC.RawValue=0;
        BPC.RawValue=0;
    }
    
    private static void CollectSamples(ArrayList samplesList)
    {
        
        Random r = new Random( DateTime.Now.Millisecond );

        // Loop for the samples.
        for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++) 
        {
            
            int value = r.Next(1, 10);
            Console.Write(j + " = " + value);

            PC.IncrementBy(value);

            BPC.Increment();

            if ((j % 10) == 9) 
            {
                OutputSample(PC.NextSample());
                samplesList.Add( PC.NextSample() );
            }
            else
                Console.WriteLine();
            
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50);
        }

    }
    
    private static void CalculateResults(ArrayList samplesList)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < (samplesList.Count - 1); i++)
        {
            // Output the sample.
            OutputSample( (CounterSample)samplesList[i] );
            OutputSample( (CounterSample)samplesList[i+1] );

            // Use .NET to calculate the counter value.
            Console.WriteLine(".NET computed counter value = " +
                CounterSampleCalculator.ComputeCounterValue((CounterSample)samplesList[i],
                (CounterSample)samplesList[i+1]) );

            // Calculate the counter value manually.
            Console.WriteLine("My computed counter value = " + 
                MyComputeCounterValue((CounterSample)samplesList[i],
                (CounterSample)samplesList[i+1]) );

        }
    }
    
    
    //++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
    //    Description - This counter type shows how many items are processed, on average,
    //        during an operation. Counters of this type display a ratio of the items 
    //        processed (such as bytes sent) to the number of operations completed. The  
    //        ratio is calculated by comparing the number of items processed during the 
    //        last interval to the number of operations completed during the last interval. 
    // Generic type - Average
    //      Formula - (N1 - N0) / (D1 - D0), where the numerator (N) represents the number 
    //        of items processed during the last sample interval and the denominator (D) 
    //        represents the number of operations completed during the last two sample 
    //        intervals. 
    //    Average (Nx - N0) / (Dx - D0)  
    //    Example PhysicalDisk\ Avg. Disk Bytes/Transfer 
    //++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
    private static Single MyComputeCounterValue(CounterSample s0, CounterSample s1)
    {
        Single numerator = (Single)s1.RawValue - (Single)s0.RawValue;
        Single denomenator = (Single)s1.BaseValue - (Single)s0.BaseValue;
        Single counterValue = numerator / denomenator;
        return(counterValue);
    }
        
    // Output information about the counter sample.
    private static void OutputSample(CounterSample s)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("\r\n+++++++++++");
        Console.WriteLine("Sample values - \r\n");
        Console.WriteLine("   BaseValue        = " + s.BaseValue);
        Console.WriteLine("   CounterFrequency = " + s.CounterFrequency);
        Console.WriteLine("   CounterTimeStamp = " + s.CounterTimeStamp);
        Console.WriteLine("   CounterType      = " + s.CounterType);
        Console.WriteLine("   RawValue         = " + s.RawValue);
        Console.WriteLine("   SystemFrequency  = " + s.SystemFrequency);
        Console.WriteLine("   TimeStamp        = " + s.TimeStamp);
        Console.WriteLine("   TimeStamp100nSec = " + s.TimeStamp100nSec);
        Console.WriteLine("++++++++++++++++++++++");
    }
}

[C++] 
#using <mscorlib.dll>
#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Collections::Specialized;
using namespace System::Diagnostics;

// Output information about the counter sample.
void OutputSample(CounterSample s) {
    Console::WriteLine(S"\r\n+++++++++++");
    Console::WriteLine(S"Sample values - \r\n");
    Console::WriteLine(S"   BaseValue        = {0}", __box(s.BaseValue));
    Console::WriteLine(S"   CounterFrequency = {0}", __box(s.CounterFrequency));
    Console::WriteLine(S"   CounterTimeStamp = {0}", __box(s.CounterTimeStamp));
    Console::WriteLine(S"   CounterType      = {0}", __box(s.CounterType));
    Console::WriteLine(S"   RawValue         = {0}", __box(s.RawValue));
    Console::WriteLine(S"   SystemFrequency  = {0}", __box(s.SystemFrequency));
    Console::WriteLine(S"   TimeStamp        = {0}", __box(s.TimeStamp));
    Console::WriteLine(S"   TimeStamp100nSec = {0}", __box(s.TimeStamp100nSec));
    Console::WriteLine(S"++++++++++++++++++++++");
}

//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
//    Description - This counter type shows how many items are processed, on average,
//        during an operation. Counters of this type display a ratio of the items 
//        processed (such as bytes sent) to the number of operations completed. The  
//        ratio is calculated by comparing the number of items processed during the 
//        last interval to the number of operations completed during the last interval. 
// Generic type - Average
//      Formula - (N1 - N0) / (D1 - D0), where the numerator (N) represents the number 
//        of items processed during the last sample interval and the denominator (D) 
//        represents the number of operations completed during the last two sample 
//        intervals. 
//    Average (Nx - N0) / (Dx - D0)  
//    Example PhysicalDisk\ Avg. Disk Bytes/Transfer 
//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++//++++++++
float MyComputeCounterValue(CounterSample s0, CounterSample s1) {
    float numerator = (float)s1.RawValue - (float)s0.RawValue;
    float denomenator = (float)s1.BaseValue - (float)s0.BaseValue;
    float counterValue = numerator / denomenator;
    return(counterValue);
}

bool SetupCategory() {        
    if (!PerformanceCounterCategory::Exists(S"AverageCounter64SampleCategory")) {

        CounterCreationDataCollection* CCDC = new CounterCreationDataCollection();

        // Add the counter.
        CounterCreationData* averageCount64 = new CounterCreationData();
        averageCount64->CounterType = PerformanceCounterType::AverageCount64;
        averageCount64->CounterName = S"AverageCounter64Sample";
        CCDC->Add(averageCount64);

        // Add the base counter.
        CounterCreationData* averageCount64Base = new CounterCreationData();
        averageCount64Base->CounterType = PerformanceCounterType::AverageBase;
        averageCount64Base->CounterName = S"AverageCounter64SampleBase";
        CCDC->Add(averageCount64Base);

        // Create the category.
        PerformanceCounterCategory::Create(S"AverageCounter64SampleCategory", 
            S"Demonstrates usage of the AverageCounter64 performance counter type.", 
            CCDC);

        return(true);
    } else {
        Console::WriteLine(S"Category exists - AverageCounter64SampleCategory");
        return(false);
    }
}

void CreateCounters(PerformanceCounter*& PC, PerformanceCounter*& BPC) {
    // Create the counters.

    PC = new PerformanceCounter(S"AverageCounter64SampleCategory", 
        S"AverageCounter64Sample", false);
    BPC = new PerformanceCounter(S"AverageCounter64SampleCategory", 
        S"AverageCounter64SampleBase", false);

    PC->RawValue=0;
    BPC->RawValue=0;
}

void CollectSamples(ArrayList* samplesList, PerformanceCounter* PC, PerformanceCounter* BPC) {

    Random* r = new Random(DateTime::Now.Millisecond);

    // Loop for the samples.
    for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++) {

        int value = r->Next(1, 10);
        Console::Write(S"{0} = {1}", __box(j), __box(value));

        PC->IncrementBy(value);

        BPC->Increment();

        if ((j % 10) == 9) {
            OutputSample(PC->NextSample());
            samplesList->Add(__box(PC->NextSample()));
        } else
            Console::WriteLine();

        System::Threading::Thread::Sleep(50);
    }
}

void CalculateResults(ArrayList* samplesList) {
    for (int i = 0; i < (samplesList->Count - 1); i++) {
        // Output the sample.
        OutputSample(*__try_cast<__box CounterSample*>(samplesList->Item[i]));
        OutputSample(*__try_cast<__box CounterSample*>(samplesList->Item[i+1]));

        // Use .NET to calculate the counter value.
        Console::WriteLine(S".NET computed counter value = {0}",
            __box(CounterSampleCalculator::ComputeCounterValue(
            *__try_cast<__box CounterSample*>(samplesList->Item[i]), 
            *__try_cast<__box CounterSample*>(samplesList->Item[i+1]))));

        // Calculate the counter value manually.
        Console::WriteLine(S"My computed counter value = {0}", 
            __box(MyComputeCounterValue(
            *__try_cast<__box CounterSample*>(samplesList->Item[i]),
            *__try_cast<__box CounterSample*>(samplesList->Item[i+1]))));
    }
}

int main() {    
    ArrayList* samplesList = new ArrayList();
    PerformanceCounter* PC;
    PerformanceCounter* BPC;

    SetupCategory();
    CreateCounters(PC, BPC);
    CollectSamples(samplesList, PC, BPC);
    CalculateResults(samplesList);
}

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必要条件

名前空間: System.Diagnostics

プラットフォーム: Windows NT Server 4.0, Windows NT Workstation 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional, Windows Server 2003 ファミリ

アセンブリ: System (System.dll 内)

参照

PerformanceCounter クラス

スレッドセーフ

解説

使用例

必要条件

参照

その他のリソース