Object 클래스

정의

public ref class Object

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterface(System.Runtime.InteropServices.ClassInterfaceType.AutoDual)]
[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
[System.Serializable]
public class Object

type obj = class

Public Class Object

특성

ClassInterfaceAttribute ComVisibleAttribute SerializableAttribute

예제

다음 예제에서 파생 되는 지점 형식 정의 Object 클래스 및 대부분의 가상 메서드를 재정의 합니다 Object 클래스입니다.The following example defines a Point type derived from the Object class and overrides many of the virtual methods of the Object class. 또한 예제에서는를 호출 하는 다양 한 정적 메서드와 인스턴스는 Object 클래스.In addition, the example shows how to call many of the static and instance methods of the Object class.

using namespace System;

// The Point class is derived from System.Object.
ref class Point
{
public:
    int x;
public:
    int y;

public:
    Point(int x, int y)
    {
        this->x = x;
        this->y = y;
    }

public:
    virtual bool Equals(Object^ obj) override
    {
        // If this and obj do not refer to the same type,
        // then they are not equal.
        if (obj->GetType() != this->GetType())
        {
            return false;
        }

        // Return true if  x and y fields match.
        Point^ other = (Point^) obj;
        return (this->x == other->x) && (this->y == other->y);
    }

    // Return the XOR of the x and y fields.
public:
    virtual int GetHashCode() override 
    {
        return x ^ y;
    }

    // Return the point's value as a string.
public:
    virtual String^ ToString() override 
    {
        return String::Format("({0}, {1})", x, y);
    }

    // Return a copy of this point object by making a simple
    // field copy.
public:
    Point^ Copy()
    {
        return (Point^) this->MemberwiseClone();
    }
};

int main()
{
    // Construct a Point object.
    Point^ p1 = gcnew Point(1, 2);

    // Make another Point object that is a copy of the first.
    Point^ p2 = p1->Copy();

    // Make another variable that references the first
    // Point object.
    Point^ p3 = p1;

    // The line below displays false because p1 and 
    // p2 refer to two different objects.
    Console::WriteLine(
        Object::ReferenceEquals(p1, p2));

    // The line below displays true because p1 and p2 refer
    // to two different objects that have the same value.
    Console::WriteLine(Object::Equals(p1, p2));

    // The line below displays true because p1 and 
    // p3 refer to one object.
    Console::WriteLine(Object::ReferenceEquals(p1, p3));

    // The line below displays: p1's value is: (1, 2)
    Console::WriteLine("p1's value is: {0}", p1->ToString());
}

// This code produces the following output.
//
// False
// True
// True
// p1's value is: (1, 2)

using System;

// The Point class is derived from System.Object.
class Point
{
    public int x, y;

    public Point(int x, int y) 
    {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }
    
    public override bool Equals(object obj) 
    {
        // If this and obj do not refer to the same type, then they are not equal.
        if (obj.GetType() != this.GetType()) return false;

        // Return true if  x and y fields match.
        var other = (Point) obj;
        return (this.x == other.x) && (this.y == other.y);
    }

    // Return the XOR of the x and y fields.
    public override int GetHashCode() 
    {
        return x ^ y;
    }

    // Return the point's value as a string.
    public override String ToString() 
    {
        return $"({x}, {y})";
    }

    // Return a copy of this point object by making a simple field copy.
    public Point Copy() 
    {
        return (Point) this.MemberwiseClone();
    }
}

public sealed class App
{
    static void Main() 
    {
        // Construct a Point object.
        var p1 = new Point(1,2);

        // Make another Point object that is a copy of the first.
        var p2 = p1.Copy();

        // Make another variable that references the first Point object.
        var p3 = p1;

        // The line below displays false because p1 and p2 refer to two different objects.
        Console.WriteLine(Object.ReferenceEquals(p1, p2));

        // The line below displays true because p1 and p2 refer to two different objects that have the same value.
        Console.WriteLine(Object.Equals(p1, p2));
      
        // The line below displays true because p1 and p3 refer to one object.
        Console.WriteLine(Object.ReferenceEquals(p1, p3));
        
        // The line below displays: p1's value is: (1, 2)
        Console.WriteLine($"p1's value is: {p1.ToString()}");
    }
}

// This code example produces the following output:
//
// False
// True
// True
// p1's value is: (1, 2)
//

' The Point class is derived from System.Object.
Class Point
    Public x, y As Integer
    
    Public Sub New(ByVal x As Integer, ByVal y As Integer) 
        Me.x = x
        Me.y = y
    End Sub
    
    Public Overrides Function Equals(ByVal obj As Object) As Boolean 
        ' If Me and obj do not refer to the same type, then they are not equal.
        Dim objType As Type = obj.GetType()
        Dim meType  As Type = Me.GetType()
        If Not objType.Equals(meType) Then
            Return False
        End If 
        ' Return true if  x and y fields match.
        Dim other As Point = CType(obj, Point)
        Return Me.x = other.x AndAlso Me.y = other.y
    End Function 

    ' Return the XOR of the x and y fields.
    Public Overrides Function GetHashCode() As Integer 
        Return (x << 1) XOR y
    End Function 

    ' Return the point's value as a string.
    Public Overrides Function ToString() As String 
        Return $"({x}, {y})"
    End Function

    ' Return a copy of this point object by making a simple field copy.
    Public Function Copy() As Point 
        Return CType(Me.MemberwiseClone(), Point)
    End Function
End Class  

NotInheritable Public Class App
    Shared Sub Main() 
        ' Construct a Point object.
        Dim p1 As New Point(1, 2)
        
        ' Make another Point object that is a copy of the first.
        Dim p2 As Point = p1.Copy()
        
        ' Make another variable that references the first Point object.
        Dim p3 As Point = p1
        
        ' The line below displays false because p1 and p2 refer to two different objects.
        Console.WriteLine([Object].ReferenceEquals(p1, p2))

        ' The line below displays true because p1 and p2 refer to two different objects 
        ' that have the same value.
        Console.WriteLine([Object].Equals(p1, p2))

        ' The line below displays true because p1 and p3 refer to one object.
        Console.WriteLine([Object].ReferenceEquals(p1, p3))
        
        ' The line below displays: p1's value is: (1, 2)
        Console.WriteLine($"p1's value is: {p1.ToString()}")
    
    End Sub
End Class
' This example produces the following output:
'
' False
' True
' True
' p1's value is: (1, 2)
'

설명

언어에서 상속을 선언 하는 클래스를 일반적으로 필요 하지 않습니다 Object 상속은 암시적 때문입니다.Languages typically do not require a class to declare inheritance from Object because the inheritance is implicit.

.NET의 모든 클래스는 Object에서 파생 되기 때문에 Object 클래스에 정의 된 모든 메서드는 시스템의 모든 개체에서 사용할 수 있습니다.Because all classes in .NET are derived from Object, every method defined in the Object class is available in all objects in the system. 파생 클래스 수 및 포함 하 여 이러한 메서드의 일부를 재정의 하는:Derived classes can and do override some of these methods, including:

• Equals -개체 간의 비교를 지원합니다.Equals - Supports comparisons between objects.

• Finalize -개체를 자동으로 회수 하기 전에 정리 작업을 수행 합니다.Finalize - Performs cleanup operations before an object is automatically reclaimed.

• GetHashCode -해시 테이블의 사용을 지원 하려면 개체의 값에 해당 하는 숫자를 생성 합니다.GetHashCode - Generates a number corresponding to the value of the object to support the use of a hash table.

• ToString -클래스의 인스턴스를 설명 하는 사람이 읽을 수 있는 텍스트 문자열을 만듭니다.ToString - Manufactures a human-readable text string that describes an instance of the class.

성능 고려 사항Performance Considerations

인스턴스를 허용 하는 클래스 멤버를 만들 수 같은 모든 형식의 개체를 처리 해야 하는 컬렉션 클래스를 디자인 하는 경우는 Object 클래스입니다.If you are designing a class, such as a collection, that must handle any type of object, you can create class members that accept instances of the Object class. 그러나 프로세스를 boxing 및 unboxing 형식 성능 비용을 전달 합니다.However, the process of boxing and unboxing a type carries a performance cost. 새 클래스를 특정 값 형식을 처리할 자주 알고 있는 경우 boxing 비용을 최소화 하려면 두 가지 방법 중 하나를 사용할 수 있습니다.If you know your new class will frequently handle certain value types you can use one of two tactics to minimize the cost of boxing.

• 허용 하는 일반 메서드는 Object 형식 및 각 값 형식에서 자주 처리 클래스를 허용 하는 형식별 메서드 오버 로드 집합.Create a general method that accepts an Object type, and a set of type-specific method overloads that accept each value type you expect your class to frequently handle. 호출 매개 변수 형식을 허용 하는 형식별 메서드 있으면 boxing 되지 않습니다 발생 하 고 형식별 메서드를 호출 합니다.If a type-specific method exists that accepts the calling parameter type, no boxing occurs and the type-specific method is invoked. 호출 매개 변수 형식과 일치 하는 메서드 인수가 있으면 매개 변수는 boxed 및 일반 메서드가 호출 됩니다.If there is no method argument that matches the calling parameter type, the parameter is boxed and the general method is invoked.

• 제네릭을 사용 하 여 형식 및 해당 멤버를 디자인 합니다.Design your type and its members to use generics. 공용 언어 런타임 클래스의 인스턴스를 만들고 제네릭 형식 인수를 지정할 때 닫힌된 제네릭 형식을 만듭니다.The common language runtime creates a closed generic type when you create an instance of your class and specify a generic type argument. 제네릭 메서드의 형식 특정 이며 호출 매개 변수를 boxing 하지 않고 호출할 수 있습니다.The generic method is type-specific and can be invoked without boxing the calling parameter.

받아들이거나 반환 하는 범용 클래스를 개발 해야 하는 경우도 있지만 Object 형식에도 자주 사용 되는 형식을 처리 하는 type 별 클래스를 제공 하 여 성능을 개선할 수 있습니다.Although it is sometimes necessary to develop general purpose classes that accept and return Object types, you can improve performance by also providing a type-specific class to handle a frequently used type. 예를 들어, 설정 및 부울 값을 가져오고이에 관련 된 클래스를 제공 비용 boxing 및 unboxing 부울 값을 제거 합니다.For example, providing a class that is specific to setting and getting Boolean values eliminates the cost of boxing and unboxing Boolean values.

생성자

메서드

적용 대상

스레드 보안

공용 정적 (Shared Visual Basic의)이 형식의 멤버는 스레드로부터 안전 합니다.Public static (Shared in Visual Basic) members of this type are thread safe. 인스턴스 멤버는 스레드로부터 안전 하 보장 되지 않습니다.Instance members are not guaranteed to be thread-safe.