Redirect URI (reply URL) outline and restrictions

A redirect URI, or reply URL, is the location where the Microsoft Entra authorization server sends the user once they have successfully authorized and been granted an authorization code or access token. To sign in a user, your app must send a login request to the Microsoft Entra authorization endpoint, with a redirect URI specified as a parameter. The Microsoft Entra authentication server will check if the redirect URI it receives has been added to the app registration. The redirect URI is a critical security feature that ensures authorization codes and access tokens are sent only to the intended recipient. This article outlines the features and restrictions of redirect URIs in the Microsoft identity platform.

Why a redirect URI needs to be added to an app registration

For security reasons, the Microsoft Entra authorization server will not redirect users or send tokens to a URI that is not added to the app registration. Entra login servers only redirect users and send tokens to redirect URIs that have been added to an app registration. If the redirect URI specified in the login request doesn’t match any of the redirect URIs you have added in your application, you'll receive an error message such as AADSTS50011: The reply URL specified in the request does not match the reply URLs configured for the application. For more information on error codes, see Microsoft Entra authentication and authorization error codes.

What platforms require a redirect URI?

If the application you're building contains one or multiple redirect URIs in your app registration, you'll need to enable a public client flow configuration. The following tables provide guidance on the type of redirect URI you should or shouldn't add based on the platform you're building your application on.

Web application redirect URI configuration

Type of your application	Typical languages/Frameworks	Platform to add redirect URI in App Registration
A traditional web application where most of the application logic is performed on the server	Node.js, web, ASP.NET, Python, Java, ASP.NET Core, PHP, Ruby, Blazor Server	Web
A single-page application where most of the user interface logic is performed in a web browser communicating with the web server primarily using web APIs	JavaScript, Angular, React, Blazor WebAssembly, Vue.js	Single-page application (SPA)

Mobile and desktop application redirect URI configuration

Type of your application	Typical languages/Frameworks	Platform to add redirect URI in App Registration
An iOS or macOS app excluding the scenarios listed below this table	Swift, Objective-C, Xamarin	IOS/macOS
An Android app	Java, Kotlin, Xamarin	Android
An app that runs natively on a mobile device or desktop machine	Node.js electron, Windows desktop, UWP, React Native, Xamarin, Android, iOS/macOS	Mobile and desktop applications

If you are building an iOS app using one of the following methods, please use Mobile and desktop applications platform to add redirect URI:

• iOS apps using legacy SDKs (ADAL)
• iOS apps using open source SDKs (AppAuth)
• iOS apps using cross-plat tech we don't support (Flutter)
• iOS apps implementing our OAuth protocols directly
• macOS apps using cross-plat tech we don't support (Electron)

Applications that do not require a redirect URI

Type of application	Examples/notes	Associated OAuth flow
Applications running on devices that have no keyboard	Applications running on smart TV, IoT device or a printer	Device code flow learn more
Applications that handle passwords users enter directly, instead of redirecting users to Entra hosted login website and letting Entra handle user password in a secure manner.	You should only use this flow when other more secure flows such as Authorization code flow aren't viable because it isn't as secure.	Resource owner password credential flow learn more
Desktop or mobile applications running on Windows or on a machine connected to a Windows domain (AD or Azure AD joined) using Windows Integrated Auth Flow instead of Web account manager	A desktop or mobile application that should be automatically signed in after the user has signed into the windows PC system with an Entra credential	Windows Integrated Auth Flow learn more

What are the restrictions of redirect URIs for Microsoft Entra applications?

The Microsoft Entra application model specifies the following restrictions to redirect URIs:

• Redirect URIs must begin with the scheme https, with exceptions for some localhost redirect URIs.

• Redirect URIs are case-sensitive and must match the case of the URL path of your running application.

  Examples:

  • If your application includes as part of its path .../abc/response-oidc, don't specify .../ABC/response-oidc in the redirect URI. Because the web browser treats paths as case-sensitive, cookies associated with .../abc/response-oidc may be excluded if redirected to the case-mismatched .../ABC/response-oidc URL.

• Redirect URIs not configured with a path segment are returned with a trailing slash ('/') in the response. This applies only when the response mode is query or fragment.

  Examples:

  • https://contoso.com is returned as https://contoso.com/
  • http://localhost:7071 is returned as http://localhost:7071/

• Redirect URIs that contain a path segment are not appended with a trailing slash in the response.

  Examples:

  • https://contoso.com/abc is returned as https://contoso.com/abc
  • https://contoso.com/abc/response-oidc is returned as https://contoso.com/abc/response-oidc

• Redirect URIs don't support special characters - ! $ ' ( ) , ;

Maximum number of redirect URIs and URI length

The maximum number of redirect URIs can't be raised for security reasons. If your scenario requires more redirect URIs than the maximum limit allowed, consider the following state parameter approach as the solution. The following table shows the maximum number of redirect URIs you can add to an app registration in the Microsoft identity platform.

Accounts being signed in	Maximum number of redirect URIs	Description
Microsoft work or school accounts in any organization's Microsoft Entra tenant	256	signInAudience field in the application manifest is set to either AzureADMyOrg or AzureADMultipleOrgs
Personal Microsoft accounts and work and school accounts	100	signInAudience field in the application manifest is set to AzureADandPersonalMicrosoftAccount

You can use a maximum of 256 characters for each redirect URI you add to an app registration.

Redirect URIs in application vs. service principal objects

• Always add redirect URIs to the application object only.
• Never add redirect URI values to a service principal because these values could be removed when the service principal object syncs with the application object. This could happen due to any update operation that triggers a sync between the two objects.

Query parameter support in redirect URIs

Query parameters are allowed in redirect URIs for applications that only sign in users with work or school accounts.

Query parameters are not allowed in redirect URIs for any app registration configured to sign in users with personal Microsoft accounts such as Outlook.com (Hotmail), Messenger, OneDrive, MSN, Xbox Live, or Microsoft 365.

App registration sign-in audience	Supports query parameters in redirect URI
Accounts in this organizational directory only (Contoso only - Single tenant)
Accounts in any organizational directory (Any Microsoft Entra directory - Multitenant)
Accounts in any organizational directory (Any Microsoft Entra directory - Multitenant) and personal Microsoft accounts (for example, Skype, Xbox)
Personal Microsoft accounts only

Supported schemes

HTTPS: The HTTPS scheme (https://) is supported for all HTTP-based redirect URIs.

HTTP: The HTTP scheme (http://) is supported only for localhost URIs and should be used only during active local application development and testing.

Example redirect URI	Validity
https://contoso.com	Valid
https://contoso.com/abc/response-oidc	Valid
https://localhost	Valid
http://contoso.com/abc/response-oidc	Invalid
http://localhost	Valid
http://localhost/abc	Valid

Localhost exceptions

Per RFC 8252 sections 8.3 and 7.3, "loopback" or "localhost" redirect URIs come with two special considerations:

1. http URI schemes are acceptable because the redirect never leaves the device. As such, both of these URIs are acceptable:
   • http://localhost/myApp
   • https://localhost/myApp
2. Due to ephemeral port ranges often required by native applications, the port component (for example, :5001 or :443) is ignored for the purposes of matching a redirect URI. As a result, all of these URIs are considered equivalent:
   • http://localhost/MyApp
   • http://localhost:1234/MyApp
   • http://localhost:5000/MyApp
   • http://localhost:8080/MyApp

From a development standpoint, this means a few things:

• Do not register multiple redirect URIs where only the port differs. The login server picks one arbitrarily and uses the behavior associated with that redirect URI (for example, whether it's a web-, native-, or spa-type redirect).

  This is especially important when you want to use different authentication flows in the same application registration, for example both the authorization code grant and implicit flow. To associate the correct response behavior with each redirect URI, the login server must be able to distinguish between the redirect URIs and can't do so when only the port differs.

• To register multiple redirect URIs on localhost to test different flows during development, differentiate them using the path component of the URI. For example, http://localhost/MyWebApp doesn't match http://localhost/MyNativeApp.

• The IPv6 loopback address ([::1]) isn't currently supported.

Prefer 127.0.0.1 over localhost

To prevent your app from breaking due to misconfigured firewalls or renamed network interfaces, use the IP literal loopback address 127.0.0.1 in your redirect URI instead of localhost. For example, https://127.0.0.1.

You can't, however, use the Redirect URIs text box in the Azure portal to add a loopback-based redirect URI that uses the http scheme:

To add a redirect URI that uses the http scheme with the 127.0.0.1 loopback address, you must currently modify the replyUrlsWithType attribute in the application manifest.

Restrictions on wildcards in redirect URIs

Wildcard URIs like https://*.contoso.com may seem convenient, but should be avoided due to security implications. According to the OAuth 2.0 specification (section 3.1.2 of RFC 6749), a redirection endpoint URI must be an absolute URI. As such, when a configured wildcard URI matches a redirect URI, query strings and fragments in the redirect URI are stripped.

Wildcard URIs are currently unsupported in app registrations configured to sign in personal Microsoft accounts and work or school accounts. Wildcard URIs are allowed, however, for apps that are configured to sign in only work or school accounts in an organization's Microsoft Entra tenant.

To add redirect URIs with wildcards to app registrations that sign in work or school accounts, use the application manifest editor in App registrations in the Azure portal. Though it's possible to set a redirect URI with a wildcard by using the manifest editor, we strongly recommend you adhere to section 3.1.2 of RFC 6749. and use only absolute URIs.

If your scenario requires more redirect URIs than the maximum limit allowed, consider the following state parameter approach instead of adding a wildcard redirect URI.

Use a state parameter

If you have several subdomains and your scenario requires that, upon successful authentication, you redirect users to the same page from which they started, using a state parameter might be helpful.

In this approach:

1. Create a "shared" redirect URI per application to process the security tokens you receive from the authorization endpoint.
2. Your application can send application-specific parameters (such as subdomain URL where the user originated or anything like branding information) in the state parameter. When using a state parameter, guard against CSRF protection as specified in section 10.12 of RFC 6749.
3. The application-specific parameters include all the information needed for the application to render the correct experience for the user, that is, construct the appropriate application state. The Microsoft Entra authorization endpoint strips HTML from the state parameter so make sure you aren't passing HTML content in this parameter.
4. When Microsoft Entra ID sends a response to the "shared" redirect URI, it sends the state parameter back to the application.
5. The application can then use the value in the state parameter to determine which URL to further send the user to. Make sure you validate for CSRF protection.

Warning

This approach allows a compromised client to modify the additional parameters sent in the state parameter, thereby redirecting the user to a different URL, which is the open redirector threat described in RFC 6819. Therefore, the client must protect these parameters by encrypting the state or verifying it by some other means, like validating the domain name in the redirect URI against the token.

Next steps

Learn about the app registration Application manifest.