WaitHandle.WaitAll Método

public:
 static bool WaitAll(cli::array <System::Threading::WaitHandle ^> ^ waitHandles, TimeSpan timeout, bool exitContext);

public static bool WaitAll (System.Threading.WaitHandle[] waitHandles, TimeSpan timeout, bool exitContext);

static member WaitAll : System.Threading.WaitHandle[] * TimeSpan * bool -> bool

Public Shared Function WaitAll (waitHandles As WaitHandle(), timeout As TimeSpan, exitContext As Boolean) As Boolean

Parâmetros

Retornos

Boolean

true quando todos os elementos em waitHandles tiverem recebido um sinal; caso contrário, false.true when every element in waitHandles has received a signal; otherwise false.

Exceções

Exemplos

O exemplo de código a seguir mostra como usar o pool de threads para criar e gravar de forma assíncrona em um grupo de arquivos.The following code example shows how to use the thread pool to asynchronously create and write to a group of files. Cada operação de gravação é enfileirada como um item de trabalho e sinaliza quando ela é concluída.Each write operation is queued as a work item and signals when it is finished. O thread principal aguarda que todos os itens sejam sinalizados e, em seguida, sai.The main thread waits for all the items to signal and then exits.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Security::Permissions;
using namespace System::Threading;

// Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
ref class State
{
public:
   String^ fileName;
   array<Byte>^byteArray;
   ManualResetEvent^ manualEvent;
   State( String^ fileName, array<Byte>^byteArray, ManualResetEvent^ manualEvent )
      : fileName( fileName ), byteArray( byteArray ), manualEvent( manualEvent )
   {}

};

ref class Writer
{
private:
   static int workItemCount = 0;
   Writer(){}


public:
   static void WriteToFile( Object^ state )
   {
      int workItemNumber = workItemCount;
      Interlocked::Increment( workItemCount );
      Console::WriteLine( "Starting work item {0}.", workItemNumber.ToString() );
      State^ stateInfo = dynamic_cast<State^>(state);
      FileStream^ fileWriter;
      
      // Create and write to the file.
      try
      {
         fileWriter = gcnew FileStream( stateInfo->fileName,FileMode::Create );
         fileWriter->Write( stateInfo->byteArray, 0, stateInfo->byteArray->Length );
      }
      finally
      {
         if ( fileWriter != nullptr )
         {
            fileWriter->Close();
         }
         
         // Signal main() that the work item has finished.
         Console::WriteLine( "Ending work item {0}.", workItemNumber.ToString() );
         stateInfo->manualEvent->Set();
      }

   }

};

int main()
{
   const int numberOfFiles = 5;
   String^ dirName =  "C:\\TestTest";
   String^ fileName;
   array<Byte>^byteArray;
   Random^ randomGenerator = gcnew Random;
   array<ManualResetEvent^>^manualEvents = gcnew array<ManualResetEvent^>(numberOfFiles);
   State^ stateInfo;
   if (  !Directory::Exists( dirName ) )
   {
      Directory::CreateDirectory( dirName );
   }

   
   // Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
   for ( int i = 0; i < numberOfFiles; i++ )
   {
      fileName = String::Concat( dirName,  "\\Test", ((i)).ToString(),  ".dat" );
      
      // Create random data to write to the file.
      byteArray = gcnew array<Byte>(1000000);
      randomGenerator->NextBytes( byteArray );
      manualEvents[ i ] = gcnew ManualResetEvent( false );
      stateInfo = gcnew State( fileName,byteArray,manualEvents[ i ] );
      ThreadPool::QueueUserWorkItem( gcnew WaitCallback( &Writer::WriteToFile ), stateInfo );

   }
   
   // Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
   // wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
   if ( WaitHandle::WaitAll( manualEvents, TimeSpan(0,0,5), false ) )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( "Files written - main exiting." );
   }
   else
   {
      
      // The wait operation times out.
      Console::WriteLine( "Error writing files - main exiting." );
   }
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Threading;

class Test
{
    static void Main()
    {
        const int numberOfFiles = 5;
        string dirName = @"C:\TestTest";
        string fileName;

        byte[] byteArray;
        Random randomGenerator = new Random();

        ManualResetEvent[] manualEvents = 
            new ManualResetEvent[numberOfFiles];
        State stateInfo;

        if(!Directory.Exists(dirName))
        {
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName);
        }

        // Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
        for(int i = 0; i < numberOfFiles; i++)
        {
            fileName = string.Concat(
                dirName, @"\Test", i.ToString(), ".dat");

            // Create random data to write to the file.
            byteArray = new byte[1000000];
            randomGenerator.NextBytes(byteArray);

            manualEvents[i] = new ManualResetEvent(false);

            stateInfo = 
                new State(fileName, byteArray, manualEvents[i]);

            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(
                Writer.WriteToFile), stateInfo);
        }
    
        // Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
        // wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
        if(WaitHandle.WaitAll(
            manualEvents, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5), false))
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Files written - main exiting.");
        }
        else
        {
            // The wait operation times out.
            Console.WriteLine("Error writing files - main exiting.");
        }
    }
}

// Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
class State
{
    public string fileName;
    public byte[] byteArray;
    public ManualResetEvent manualEvent;

    public State(string fileName, byte[] byteArray, 
        ManualResetEvent manualEvent)
    {
        this.fileName = fileName;
        this.byteArray = byteArray;
        this.manualEvent = manualEvent;
    }
}

class Writer
{
    static int workItemCount = 0;
    Writer() {}

    public static void WriteToFile(object state)
    {
        int workItemNumber = workItemCount;
        Interlocked.Increment(ref workItemCount);
        Console.WriteLine("Starting work item {0}.",
            workItemNumber.ToString());
        State stateInfo = (State)state;
        FileStream fileWriter = null;

        // Create and write to the file.
        try
        {
            fileWriter = new FileStream(
                stateInfo.fileName, FileMode.Create);
            fileWriter.Write(stateInfo.byteArray, 
                0, stateInfo.byteArray.Length);
        }
        finally
        {
            if(fileWriter != null)
            {
                fileWriter.Close();
            }

            // Signal Main that the work item has finished.
            Console.WriteLine("Ending work item {0}.", 
                workItemNumber.ToString());
            stateInfo.manualEvent.Set();
        }
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Permissions
Imports System.Threading

Public Class Test

    ' WaitHandle.WaitAll requires a multithreaded apartment 
    ' when using multiple wait handles.
    <MTAThreadAttribute> _
    Shared Sub Main()
        Const numberOfFiles As Integer = 5
        Dim dirName As String = "C:\TestTest"
        Dim fileName As String 

        Dim byteArray() As Byte 
        Dim randomGenerator As New Random()

        Dim manualEvents(numberOfFiles - 1) As ManualResetEvent
        Dim stateInfo As State 

        If Directory.Exists(dirName) <> True Then
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName)
        End If

        ' Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
        For i As Integer = 0 To numberOfFiles - 1
            fileName = String.Concat( _
                dirName, "\Test", i.ToString(), ".dat")

            ' Create random data to write to the file.
            byteArray = New Byte(1000000){}
            randomGenerator.NextBytes(byteArray)

            manualEvents(i) = New ManualResetEvent(false)

            stateInfo = _ 
                New State(fileName, byteArray, manualEvents(i))

            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(AddressOf _
                Writer.WriteToFile, stateInfo)
        Next i
    
        ' Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
        ' wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
        If WaitHandle.WaitAll( _
            manualEvents, New TimeSpan(0, 0, 5), false) = True  Then

            Console.WriteLine("Files written - main exiting.")
        Else
        
            ' The wait operation times out.
            Console.WriteLine("Error writing files - main exiting.")
        End If
    End Sub

End Class
 
' Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
Public Class State

    Public fileName As String
    Public byteArray As Byte()
    Public manualEvent As ManualResetEvent

    Sub New(fileName As String, byteArray() As Byte, _
        manualEvent As ManualResetEvent)
    
        Me.fileName = fileName
        Me.byteArray = byteArray
        Me.manualEvent = manualEvent
    End Sub

End Class

Public Class Writer

    Private Sub New()
    End Sub

    Shared workItemCount As Integer = 0

    Shared Sub WriteToFile(state As Object)
        Dim workItemNumber As Integer = workItemCount
        Interlocked.Increment(workItemCount)
        Console.WriteLine("Starting work item {0}.", _
            workItemNumber.ToString())
        Dim stateInfo As State = CType(state, State)
        Dim fileWriter As FileStream = Nothing

        ' Create and write to the file.
        Try
            fileWriter = New FileStream( _
                stateInfo.fileName, FileMode.Create)
            fileWriter.Write(stateInfo.byteArray, _
                0, stateInfo.byteArray.Length)
        Finally
            If Not fileWriter Is Nothing Then
                fileWriter.Close()
            End If

            ' Signal Main that the work item has finished.
            Console.WriteLine("Ending work item {0}.", _
                workItemNumber.ToString())
            stateInfo.manualEvent.Set()
        End Try
    End Sub

End Class

Comentários

Se timeout for zero, o método não será bloqueado.If timeout is zero, the method does not block. Ele testa o estado dos identificadores de espera e retorna imediatamente.It tests the state of the wait handles and returns immediately.

AbandonedMutexException é novo no .NET Framework versão 2,0.AbandonedMutexException is new in the .NET Framework version 2.0. Em versões anteriores, o WaitAll método retorna true quando um mutex é abandonado.In previous versions, the WaitAll method returns true when a mutex is abandoned. Um mutex abandonado geralmente indica um erro de codificação sério.An abandoned mutex often indicates a serious coding error. No caso de um mutex de todo o sistema, isso pode indicar que um aplicativo foi encerrado abruptamente (por exemplo, usando o Gerenciador de tarefas do Windows).In the case of a system-wide mutex, it might indicate that an application has been terminated abruptly (for example, by using Windows Task Manager). A exceção contém informações úteis para depuração.The exception contains information useful for debugging.

O WaitAll método retorna quando a espera termina, o que significa que todos os identificadores são sinalizados ou um tempo limite ocorre.The WaitAll method returns when the wait terminates, which means either all the handles are signaled or a time-out occurs. Se mais de 64 identificadores forem passados, um NotSupportedException será lançado.If more than 64 handles are passed, a NotSupportedException is thrown. Se a matriz contiver duplicatas, a chamada falhará.If the array contains duplicates, the call will fail.

O valor máximo para timeout é Int32.MaxValue .The maximum value for timeout is Int32.MaxValue.

Anotações na saída do contextoNotes on Exiting the Context

O exitContext parâmetro não tem nenhum efeito, a menos que o WaitAll método seja chamado de dentro de um contexto gerenciado não padrão.The exitContext parameter has no effect unless the WaitAll method is called from inside a nondefault managed context. Isso pode acontecer se o thread estiver dentro de uma chamada para uma instância de uma classe derivada de ContextBoundObject .This can happen if your thread is inside a call to an instance of a class derived from ContextBoundObject. Mesmo que você esteja executando um método em uma classe que não seja derivada de ContextBoundObject , como String , você pode estar em um contexto não padrão se um ContextBoundObject estiver em sua pilha no domínio do aplicativo atual.Even if you are currently executing a method on a class that is not derived from ContextBoundObject, like String, you can be in a nondefault context if a ContextBoundObject is on your stack in the current application domain.

Quando seu código está sendo executado em um contexto não padrão, especificar true for exitContext faz com que o thread saia do contexto gerenciado não padrão (ou seja, para fazer a transição para o contexto padrão) antes de executar o WaitAll método.When your code is executing in a nondefault context, specifying true for exitContext causes the thread to exit the nondefault managed context (that is, to transition to the default context) before executing the WaitAll method. Ele retorna ao contexto não padrão original depois que a chamada para o WaitAll método é concluída.It returns to the original nondefault context after the call to the WaitAll method completes.

Isso pode ser útil quando a classe vinculada ao contexto tem SynchronizationAttribute .This can be useful when the context-bound class has SynchronizationAttribute. Nesse caso, todas as chamadas para membros da classe são sincronizadas automaticamente e o domínio de sincronização é o corpo completo do código para a classe.In that case, all calls to members of the class are automatically synchronized, and the synchronization domain is the entire body of code for the class. Se o código na pilha de chamadas de um membro chamar o WaitAll método e especificar true for exitContext , o thread sairá do domínio de sincronização, permitindo que um thread bloqueado em uma chamada para qualquer membro do objeto continue.If code in the call stack of a member calls the WaitAll method and specifies true for exitContext, the thread exits the synchronization domain, allowing a thread that is blocked on a call to any member of the object to proceed. Quando o WaitAll método retorna, o thread que fez a chamada deve aguardar para inserir novamente o domínio de sincronização.When the WaitAll method returns, the thread that made the call must wait to reenter the synchronization domain.

public:
 static bool WaitAll(cli::array <System::Threading::WaitHandle ^> ^ waitHandles, int millisecondsTimeout, bool exitContext);

public static bool WaitAll (System.Threading.WaitHandle[] waitHandles, int millisecondsTimeout, bool exitContext);

static member WaitAll : System.Threading.WaitHandle[] * int * bool -> bool

Public Shared Function WaitAll (waitHandles As WaitHandle(), millisecondsTimeout As Integer, exitContext As Boolean) As Boolean

Parâmetros

Retornos

Boolean

true quando todos os elementos em waitHandles tiverem recebido um sinal; caso contrário, false.true when every element in waitHandles has received a signal; otherwise, false.

Exceções

Exemplos

O exemplo de código a seguir mostra como usar o pool de threads para criar e gravar de forma assíncrona em um grupo de arquivos.The following code example shows how to use the thread pool to asynchronously create and write to a group of files. Cada operação de gravação é enfileirada como um item de trabalho e sinaliza quando ela é concluída.Each write operation is queued as a work item and signals when it is finished. O thread principal aguarda que todos os itens sejam sinalizados e, em seguida, sai.The main thread waits for all the items to signal and then exits.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Security::Permissions;
using namespace System::Threading;

// Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
ref class State
{
public:
   String^ fileName;
   array<Byte>^byteArray;
   ManualResetEvent^ manualEvent;
   State( String^ fileName, array<Byte>^byteArray, ManualResetEvent^ manualEvent )
      : fileName( fileName ), byteArray( byteArray ), manualEvent( manualEvent )
   {}

};

ref class Writer
{
private:
   static int workItemCount = 0;
   Writer(){}


public:
   static void WriteToFile( Object^ state )
   {
      int workItemNumber = workItemCount;
      Interlocked::Increment( workItemCount );
      Console::WriteLine( "Starting work item {0}.", workItemNumber.ToString() );
      State^ stateInfo = dynamic_cast<State^>(state);
      FileStream^ fileWriter;
      
      // Create and write to the file.
      try
      {
         fileWriter = gcnew FileStream( stateInfo->fileName,FileMode::Create );
         fileWriter->Write( stateInfo->byteArray, 0, stateInfo->byteArray->Length );
      }
      finally
      {
         if ( fileWriter != nullptr )
         {
            fileWriter->Close();
         }
         
         // Signal main() that the work item has finished.
         Console::WriteLine( "Ending work item {0}.", workItemNumber.ToString() );
         stateInfo->manualEvent->Set();
      }

   }

};

int main()
{
   const int numberOfFiles = 5;
   String^ dirName =  "C:\\TestTest";
   String^ fileName;
   array<Byte>^byteArray;
   Random^ randomGenerator = gcnew Random;
   array<ManualResetEvent^>^manualEvents = gcnew array<ManualResetEvent^>(numberOfFiles);
   State^ stateInfo;
   if (  !Directory::Exists( dirName ) )
   {
      Directory::CreateDirectory( dirName );
   }

   
   // Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
   for ( int i = 0; i < numberOfFiles; i++ )
   {
      fileName = String::Concat( dirName,  "\\Test", ((i)).ToString(),  ".dat" );
      
      // Create random data to write to the file.
      byteArray = gcnew array<Byte>(1000000);
      randomGenerator->NextBytes( byteArray );
      manualEvents[ i ] = gcnew ManualResetEvent( false );
      stateInfo = gcnew State( fileName,byteArray,manualEvents[ i ] );
      ThreadPool::QueueUserWorkItem( gcnew WaitCallback( &Writer::WriteToFile ), stateInfo );

   }
   
   // Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
   // wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
   if ( WaitHandle::WaitAll( manualEvents, 5000, false ) )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( "Files written - main exiting." );
   }
   else
   {
      
      // The wait operation times out.
      Console::WriteLine( "Error writing files - main exiting." );
   }
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Threading;

class Test
{
    static void Main()
    {
        const int numberOfFiles = 5;
        string dirName = @"C:\TestTest";
        string fileName;

        byte[] byteArray;
        Random randomGenerator = new Random();

        ManualResetEvent[] manualEvents = 
            new ManualResetEvent[numberOfFiles];
        State stateInfo;

        if(!Directory.Exists(dirName))
        {
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName);
        }

        // Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
        for(int i = 0; i < numberOfFiles; i++)
        {
            fileName = string.Concat(
                dirName, @"\Test", i.ToString(), ".dat");

            // Create random data to write to the file.
            byteArray = new byte[1000000];
            randomGenerator.NextBytes(byteArray);

            manualEvents[i] = new ManualResetEvent(false);

            stateInfo = 
                new State(fileName, byteArray, manualEvents[i]);

            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(
                Writer.WriteToFile), stateInfo);
        }
    
        // Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
        // wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
        if(WaitHandle.WaitAll(manualEvents, 5000, false))
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Files written - main exiting.");
        }
        else
        {
            // The wait operation times out.
            Console.WriteLine("Error writing files - main exiting.");
        }
    }
}

// Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
class State
{
    public string fileName;
    public byte[] byteArray;
    public ManualResetEvent manualEvent;

    public State(string fileName, byte[] byteArray, 
        ManualResetEvent manualEvent)
    {
        this.fileName = fileName;
        this.byteArray = byteArray;
        this.manualEvent = manualEvent;
    }
}

class Writer
{
    static int workItemCount = 0;
    Writer() {}

    public static void WriteToFile(object state)
    {
        int workItemNumber = workItemCount;
        Interlocked.Increment(ref workItemCount);
        Console.WriteLine("Starting work item {0}.",
            workItemNumber.ToString());
        State stateInfo = (State)state;
        FileStream fileWriter = null;

        // Create and write to the file.
        try
        {
            fileWriter = new FileStream(
                stateInfo.fileName, FileMode.Create);
            fileWriter.Write(stateInfo.byteArray, 
                0, stateInfo.byteArray.Length);
        }
        finally
        {
            if(fileWriter != null)
            {
                fileWriter.Close();
            }

            // Signal Main that the work item has finished.
            Console.WriteLine("Ending work item {0}.", 
                workItemNumber.ToString());
            stateInfo.manualEvent.Set();
        }
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Permissions
Imports System.Threading

Public Class Test

    ' WaitHandle.WaitAll requires a multithreaded apartment 
    ' when using multiple wait handles.
    <MTAThreadAttribute> _
    Shared Sub Main()
        Const numberOfFiles As Integer = 5
        Dim dirName As String = "C:\TestTest"
        Dim fileName As String 

        Dim byteArray() As Byte 
        Dim randomGenerator As New Random()

        Dim manualEvents(numberOfFiles - 1) As ManualResetEvent
        Dim stateInfo As State 

        If Directory.Exists(dirName) <> True Then
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName)
        End If

        ' Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
        For i As Integer = 0 To numberOfFiles - 1
            fileName = String.Concat( _
                dirName, "\Test", i.ToString(), ".dat")

            ' Create random data to write to the file.
            byteArray = New Byte(1000000){}
            randomGenerator.NextBytes(byteArray)

            manualEvents(i) = New ManualResetEvent(false)

            stateInfo = _ 
                New State(fileName, byteArray, manualEvents(i))

            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(AddressOf _
                Writer.WriteToFile, stateInfo)
        Next i
    
        ' Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
        ' wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
        If WaitHandle.WaitAll(manualEvents, 5000, false) = True  Then

            Console.WriteLine("Files written - main exiting.")
        Else
        
            ' The wait operation times out.
            Console.WriteLine("Error writing files - main exiting.")
        End If
    End Sub

End Class
 
' Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
Public Class State

    Public fileName As String
    Public byteArray As Byte()
    Public manualEvent As ManualResetEvent

    Sub New(fileName As String, byteArray() As Byte, _
        manualEvent As ManualResetEvent)
    
        Me.fileName = fileName
        Me.byteArray = byteArray
        Me.manualEvent = manualEvent
    End Sub

End Class

Public Class Writer

    Private Sub New()
    End Sub

    Shared workItemCount As Integer = 0

    Shared Sub WriteToFile(state As Object)
        Dim workItemNumber As Integer = workItemCount
        Interlocked.Increment(workItemCount)
        Console.WriteLine("Starting work item {0}.", _
            workItemNumber.ToString())
        Dim stateInfo As State = CType(state, State)
        Dim fileWriter As FileStream = Nothing

        ' Create and write to the file.
        Try
            fileWriter = New FileStream( _
                stateInfo.fileName, FileMode.Create)
            fileWriter.Write(stateInfo.byteArray, _
                0, stateInfo.byteArray.Length)
        Finally
            If Not fileWriter Is Nothing Then
                fileWriter.Close()
            End If

            ' Signal Main that the work item has finished.
            Console.WriteLine("Ending work item {0}.", _
                workItemNumber.ToString())
            stateInfo.manualEvent.Set()
        End Try
    End Sub

End Class

Comentários

Se millisecondsTimeout for zero, o método não será bloqueado.If millisecondsTimeout is zero, the method does not block. Ele testa o estado dos identificadores de espera e retorna imediatamente.It tests the state of the wait handles and returns immediately.

AbandonedMutexException é novo no .NET Framework versão 2,0.AbandonedMutexException is new in the .NET Framework version 2.0. Em versões anteriores, o WaitAll método retorna true quando um mutex é abandonado.In previous versions, the WaitAll method returns true when a mutex is abandoned. Um mutex abandonado geralmente indica um erro de codificação sério.An abandoned mutex often indicates a serious coding error. No caso de um mutex de todo o sistema, isso pode indicar que um aplicativo foi encerrado abruptamente (por exemplo, usando o Gerenciador de tarefas do Windows).In the case of a system-wide mutex, it might indicate that an application has been terminated abruptly (for example, by using Windows Task Manager). A exceção contém informações úteis para depuração.The exception contains information useful for debugging.

O WaitAll método retorna quando a espera termina, o que significa quando todas as alças são sinalizadas ou quando o tempo limite ocorre.The WaitAll method returns when the wait terminates, which means either when all the handles are signaled or when time-out occurs. Se mais de 64 identificadores forem passados, um NotSupportedException será lançado.If more than 64 handles are passed, a NotSupportedException is thrown. Se houver duplicatas na matriz, a chamada falhará com um DuplicateWaitObjectException .If there are duplicates in the array, the call fails with a DuplicateWaitObjectException.

Anotações na saída do contextoNotes on Exiting the Context

O exitContext parâmetro não tem nenhum efeito, a menos que o WaitAll método seja chamado de dentro de um contexto gerenciado não padrão.The exitContext parameter has no effect unless the WaitAll method is called from inside a nondefault managed context. Isso pode acontecer se o thread estiver dentro de uma chamada para uma instância de uma classe derivada de ContextBoundObject .This can happen if your thread is inside a call to an instance of a class derived from ContextBoundObject. Mesmo que você esteja executando um método em uma classe que não seja derivada de ContextBoundObject , como String , você pode estar em um contexto não padrão se um ContextBoundObject estiver em sua pilha no domínio do aplicativo atual.Even if you are currently executing a method on a class that is not derived from ContextBoundObject, like String, you can be in a nondefault context if a ContextBoundObject is on your stack in the current application domain.

Quando seu código está sendo executado em um contexto não padrão, especificar true for exitContext faz com que o thread saia do contexto gerenciado não padrão (ou seja, para fazer a transição para o contexto padrão) antes de executar o WaitAll método.When your code is executing in a nondefault context, specifying true for exitContext causes the thread to exit the nondefault managed context (that is, to transition to the default context) before executing the WaitAll method. O thread retorna ao contexto não padrão original depois que a chamada para o WaitAll método é concluída.The thread returns to the original nondefault context after the call to the WaitAll method completes.

Isso pode ser útil quando a classe vinculada ao contexto tem o SynchronizationAttribute atributo.This can be useful when the context-bound class has the SynchronizationAttribute attribute. Nesse caso, todas as chamadas para membros da classe são sincronizadas automaticamente e o domínio de sincronização é o corpo completo do código para a classe.In that case, all calls to members of the class are automatically synchronized, and the synchronization domain is the entire body of code for the class. Se o código na pilha de chamadas de um membro chamar o WaitAll método e especificar true for exitContext , o thread sairá do domínio de sincronização, permitindo que um thread bloqueado em uma chamada para qualquer membro do objeto continue.If code in the call stack of a member calls the WaitAll method and specifies true for exitContext, the thread exits the synchronization domain, allowing a thread that is blocked on a call to any member of the object to proceed. Quando o WaitAll método retorna, o thread que fez a chamada deve aguardar para inserir novamente o domínio de sincronização.When the WaitAll method returns, the thread that made the call must wait to reenter the synchronization domain.

public:
 static bool WaitAll(cli::array <System::Threading::WaitHandle ^> ^ waitHandles, TimeSpan timeout);

public static bool WaitAll (System.Threading.WaitHandle[] waitHandles, TimeSpan timeout);

static member WaitAll : System.Threading.WaitHandle[] * TimeSpan -> bool

Public Shared Function WaitAll (waitHandles As WaitHandle(), timeout As TimeSpan) As Boolean

Parâmetros

Retornos

Boolean

true quando todos os elementos em waitHandles tiverem recebido um sinal; caso contrário, false.true when every element in waitHandles has received a signal; otherwise, false.

Exceções

Comentários

Se timeout for zero, o método não será bloqueado.If timeout is zero, the method does not block. Ele testa o estado dos identificadores de espera e retorna imediatamente.It tests the state of the wait handles and returns immediately.

O WaitAll método retorna quando a espera termina, o que significa que todos os identificadores são sinalizados ou um tempo limite ocorre.The WaitAll method returns when the wait terminates, which means either all the handles are signaled or a time-out occurs. Se mais de 64 identificadores forem passados, um NotSupportedException será lançado.If more than 64 handles are passed, a NotSupportedException is thrown. Se a matriz contiver duplicatas, a chamada falhará.If the array contains duplicates, the call will fail.

O valor máximo para timeout é Int32.MaxValue .The maximum value for timeout is Int32.MaxValue.

Chamar essa sobrecarga de método é o mesmo que chamar a WaitAll(WaitHandle[], TimeSpan, Boolean) sobrecarga e especificar false for exitContext .Calling this method overload is the same as calling the WaitAll(WaitHandle[], TimeSpan, Boolean) overload and specifying false for exitContext.

public:
 static bool WaitAll(cli::array <System::Threading::WaitHandle ^> ^ waitHandles, int millisecondsTimeout);

public static bool WaitAll (System.Threading.WaitHandle[] waitHandles, int millisecondsTimeout);

static member WaitAll : System.Threading.WaitHandle[] * int -> bool

Public Shared Function WaitAll (waitHandles As WaitHandle(), millisecondsTimeout As Integer) As Boolean

Parâmetros

Retornos

Boolean

true quando todos os elementos em waitHandles tiverem recebido um sinal; caso contrário, false.true when every element in waitHandles has received a signal; otherwise, false.

Exceções

Comentários

Se millisecondsTimeout for zero, o método não será bloqueado.If millisecondsTimeout is zero, the method does not block. Ele testa o estado dos identificadores de espera e retorna imediatamente.It tests the state of the wait handles and returns immediately.

O WaitAll método retorna quando a espera termina, o que significa quando todas as alças são sinalizadas ou quando o tempo limite ocorre.The WaitAll method returns when the wait terminates, which means either when all the handles are signaled or when time-out occurs. Se mais de 64 identificadores forem passados, um NotSupportedException será lançado.If more than 64 handles are passed, a NotSupportedException is thrown. Se houver duplicatas na matriz, a chamada falhará com um DuplicateWaitObjectException .If there are duplicates in the array, the call fails with a DuplicateWaitObjectException.

Chamar essa sobrecarga de método é o mesmo que chamar a WaitAll(WaitHandle[], Int32, Boolean) sobrecarga e especificar false for exitContext .Calling this method overload is the same as calling the WaitAll(WaitHandle[], Int32, Boolean) overload and specifying false for exitContext.

public:
 static bool WaitAll(cli::array <System::Threading::WaitHandle ^> ^ waitHandles);

public static bool WaitAll (System.Threading.WaitHandle[] waitHandles);

static member WaitAll : System.Threading.WaitHandle[] -> bool

Public Shared Function WaitAll (waitHandles As WaitHandle()) As Boolean

Parâmetros

Retornos

Boolean

true quando todos os elementos em waitHandles tiverem recebido um sinal; caso contrário, o método nunca retornará.true when every element in waitHandles has received a signal; otherwise the method never returns.

Exceções

Exemplos

O exemplo de código a seguir mostra como usar o pool de threads para criar e gravar de forma assíncrona em um grupo de arquivos.The following code example shows how to use the thread pool to asynchronously create and write to a group of files. Cada operação de gravação é enfileirada como um item de trabalho e sinaliza quando ela é concluída.Each write operation is queued as a work item and signals when it is finished. O thread principal aguarda que todos os itens sejam sinalizados e, em seguida, sai.The main thread waits for all the items to signal and then exits.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Security::Permissions;
using namespace System::Threading;

ref class State
{
public:
   String^ fileName;
   array<Byte>^byteArray;
   ManualResetEvent^ manualEvent;
   State( String^ fileName, array<Byte>^byteArray, ManualResetEvent^ manualEvent )
      : fileName( fileName ), byteArray( byteArray ), manualEvent( manualEvent )
   {}

};

ref class Writer
{
private:
   static int workItemCount = 0;
   Writer(){}


public:
   static void WriteToFile( Object^ state )
   {
      int workItemNumber = workItemCount;
      Interlocked::Increment( workItemCount );
      Console::WriteLine( "Starting work item {0}.", workItemNumber.ToString() );
      State^ stateInfo = dynamic_cast<State^>(state);
      FileStream^ fileWriter;
      
      // Create and write to the file.
      try
      {
         fileWriter = gcnew FileStream( stateInfo->fileName,FileMode::Create );
         fileWriter->Write( stateInfo->byteArray, 0, stateInfo->byteArray->Length );
      }
      finally
      {
         if ( fileWriter != nullptr )
         {
            fileWriter->Close();
         }
         
         // Signal main() that the work item has finished.
         Console::WriteLine( "Ending work item {0}.", workItemNumber.ToString() );
         stateInfo->manualEvent->Set();
      }

   }

};

void main()
{
   const int numberOfFiles = 5;
   String^ dirName =  "C:\\TestTest";
   String^ fileName;
   array<Byte>^byteArray;
   Random^ randomGenerator = gcnew Random;
   array<ManualResetEvent^>^manualEvents = gcnew array<ManualResetEvent^>(numberOfFiles);
   State^ stateInfo;
   if (  !Directory::Exists( dirName ) )
   {
      Directory::CreateDirectory( dirName );
   }

   
   // Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
   for ( int i = 0; i < numberOfFiles; i++ )
   {
      fileName = String::Concat( dirName,  "\\Test", ((i)).ToString(),  ".dat" );
      
      // Create random data to write to the file.
      byteArray = gcnew array<Byte>(1000000);
      randomGenerator->NextBytes( byteArray );
      manualEvents[ i ] = gcnew ManualResetEvent( false );
      stateInfo = gcnew State( fileName,byteArray,manualEvents[ i ] );
      ThreadPool::QueueUserWorkItem( gcnew WaitCallback( &Writer::WriteToFile ), stateInfo );

   }
   
   // Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
   // wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
   WaitHandle::WaitAll( manualEvents );
   Console::WriteLine( "Files written - main exiting." );
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Threading;

class Test
{
    static void Main()
    {
        const int numberOfFiles = 5;
        string dirName = @"C:\TestTest";
        string fileName;

        byte[] byteArray;
        Random randomGenerator = new Random();

        ManualResetEvent[] manualEvents = 
            new ManualResetEvent[numberOfFiles];
        State stateInfo;

        if(!Directory.Exists(dirName))
        {
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName);
        }

        // Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
        for(int i = 0; i < numberOfFiles; i++)
        {
            fileName = string.Concat(
                dirName, @"\Test", i.ToString(), ".dat");

            // Create random data to write to the file.
            byteArray = new byte[1000000];
            randomGenerator.NextBytes(byteArray);

            manualEvents[i] = new ManualResetEvent(false);

            stateInfo = 
                new State(fileName, byteArray, manualEvents[i]);

            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(
                Writer.WriteToFile), stateInfo);
        }
    
        // Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
        // wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
        WaitHandle.WaitAll(manualEvents);
        Console.WriteLine("Files written - main exiting.");
    }
}

// Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
class State
{
    public string fileName;
    public byte[] byteArray;
    public ManualResetEvent manualEvent;

    public State(string fileName, byte[] byteArray, 
        ManualResetEvent manualEvent)
    {
        this.fileName = fileName;
        this.byteArray = byteArray;
        this.manualEvent = manualEvent;
    }
}

class Writer
{
    static int workItemCount = 0;
    Writer() {}

    public static void WriteToFile(object state)
    {
        int workItemNumber = workItemCount;
        Interlocked.Increment(ref workItemCount);
        Console.WriteLine("Starting work item {0}.",
            workItemNumber.ToString());
        State stateInfo = (State)state;
        FileStream fileWriter = null;

        // Create and write to the file.
        try
        {
            fileWriter = new FileStream(
                stateInfo.fileName, FileMode.Create);
            fileWriter.Write(stateInfo.byteArray, 
                0, stateInfo.byteArray.Length);
        }
        finally
        {
            if(fileWriter != null)
            {
                fileWriter.Close();
            }

            // Signal Main that the work item has finished.
            Console.WriteLine("Ending work item {0}.", 
                workItemNumber.ToString());
            stateInfo.manualEvent.Set();
        }
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Permissions
Imports System.Threading

Public Class Test

    ' WaitHandle.WaitAll requires a multithreaded apartment 
    ' when using multiple wait handles.
    <MTAThreadAttribute> _
    Shared Sub Main()
        Const numberOfFiles As Integer = 5
        Dim dirName As String = "C:\TestTest"
        Dim fileName As String 

        Dim byteArray() As Byte 
        Dim randomGenerator As New Random()

        Dim manualEvents(numberOfFiles - 1) As ManualResetEvent
        Dim stateInfo As State 

        If Directory.Exists(dirName) <> True Then
            Directory.CreateDirectory(dirName)
        End If

        ' Queue the work items that create and write to the files.
        For i As Integer = 0 To numberOfFiles - 1
            fileName = String.Concat( _
                dirName, "\Test", i.ToString(), ".dat")

            ' Create random data to write to the file.
            byteArray = New Byte(1000000){}
            randomGenerator.NextBytes(byteArray)

            manualEvents(i) = New ManualResetEvent(false)

            stateInfo = _ 
                New State(fileName, byteArray, manualEvents(i))

            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(AddressOf _
                Writer.WriteToFile, stateInfo)
        Next i
    
        ' Since ThreadPool threads are background threads, 
        ' wait for the work items to signal before exiting.
        WaitHandle.WaitAll(manualEvents)
        Console.WriteLine("Files written - main exiting.")
    End Sub

End Class
 
' Maintain state to pass to WriteToFile.
Public Class State

    Public fileName As String
    Public byteArray As Byte()
    Public manualEvent As ManualResetEvent

    Sub New(fileName As String, byteArray() As Byte, _
        manualEvent As ManualResetEvent)
    
        Me.fileName = fileName
        Me.byteArray = byteArray
        Me.manualEvent = manualEvent
    End Sub

End Class

Public Class Writer

    Private Sub New()
    End Sub

    Shared workItemCount As Integer = 0

    Shared Sub WriteToFile(state As Object)
        Dim workItemNumber As Integer = workItemCount
        Interlocked.Increment(workItemCount)
        Console.WriteLine("Starting work item {0}.", _
            workItemNumber.ToString())
        Dim stateInfo As State = CType(state, State)
        Dim fileWriter As FileStream = Nothing

        ' Create and write to the file.
        Try
            fileWriter = New FileStream( _
                stateInfo.fileName, FileMode.Create)
            fileWriter.Write(stateInfo.byteArray, _
                0, stateInfo.byteArray.Length)
        Finally
            If Not fileWriter Is Nothing Then
                fileWriter.Close()
            End If

            ' Signal Main that the work item has finished.
            Console.WriteLine("Ending work item {0}.", _
                workItemNumber.ToString())
            stateInfo.manualEvent.Set()
        End Try
    End Sub

End Class

Comentários

AbandonedMutexException é novo no .NET Framework versão 2,0.AbandonedMutexException is new in the .NET Framework version 2.0. Em versões anteriores, o WaitAll método retorna true quando um mutex é abandonado.In previous versions, the WaitAll method returns true when a mutex is abandoned. Um mutex abandonado geralmente indica um erro de codificação sério.An abandoned mutex often indicates a serious coding error. No caso de um mutex de todo o sistema, isso pode indicar que um aplicativo foi encerrado abruptamente (por exemplo, usando o Gerenciador de tarefas do Windows).In the case of a system-wide mutex, it might indicate that an application has been terminated abruptly (for example, by using Windows Task Manager). A exceção contém informações úteis para depuração.The exception contains information useful for debugging.

O WaitAll método retorna quando todos os identificadores são sinalizados.The WaitAll method returns when all the handles are signaled. Se mais de 64 identificadores forem passados, um NotSupportedException será lançado.If more than 64 handles are passed, a NotSupportedException is thrown. Se a matriz contiver duplicatas, a chamada falhará com um DuplicateWaitObjectException .If the array contains duplicates, the call fails with a DuplicateWaitObjectException.

Chamar essa sobrecarga de método é equivalente a chamar a WaitAll(WaitHandle[], Int32, Boolean) sobrecarga do método e especificar-1 (ou Timeout.Infinite ) para millisecondsTimeout e true para exitContext .Calling this method overload is equivalent to calling the WaitAll(WaitHandle[], Int32, Boolean) method overload and specifying -1 (or Timeout.Infinite) for millisecondsTimeout and true for exitContext.