Comparer<T> Класс

Определение

generic <typename T>
public ref class Comparer abstract : System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<T>, System::Collections::IComparer

[System.Serializable]
public abstract class Comparer<T> : System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T>, System.Collections.IComparer

type Comparer<'T> = class
    interface IComparer
    interface IComparer<'T>

Public MustInherit Class Comparer(Of T)
Implements IComparer, IComparer(Of T)

Параметры типа

Наследование

Object

Comparer<T>

Атрибуты

SerializableAttribute

Реализации

IComparer<T> IComparer

Примеры

В следующем примере класс BoxLengthFirstизвлекается Comparer<T> из класса.The following example derives a class, BoxLengthFirst, from the Comparer<T> class. Этот компаратор сравнивает два объекта типа Box.This comparer compares two objects of type Box. Он сортирует их сначала по длине, затем по высоте, а затем по ширине.It sorts them first by length, then by height, and then by width. Класс реализует интерфейс для управления сравнением по умолчанию между двумя Box объектами. IComparable<T> BoxThe Box class implements the IComparable<T> interface to control the default comparison between two Box objects. Эта реализация по умолчанию сортирует сначала по высоте, затем по длине, а затем по ширине.This default implementation sorts first by height, then by length, and then by width. В примере показаны различия между двумя сравнениями путем сортировки списка Box объектов сначала BoxLengthFirst с помощью компаратора, а затем с помощью компаратора по умолчанию.The example shows the differences between the two comparisons by sorting a list of Box objects first by using the BoxLengthFirst comparer and then by using the default comparer.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        List<Box> Boxes = new List<Box>();
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 20, 14));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(12, 12, 12));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 20, 10));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(6, 10, 2));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 8, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 6, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 12, 20));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(18, 10, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(24, 4, 18));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(10, 4, 16));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(10, 2, 10));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(6, 18, 2));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 12, 4));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(12, 10, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(14, 6, 6));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(16, 6, 16));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(2, 8, 12));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(4, 24, 8));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(8, 6, 20));
        Boxes.Add(new Box(18, 18, 12));

        // Sort by an Comparer<T> implementation that sorts
        // first by the length.
        Boxes.Sort(new BoxLengthFirst());

        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W");
        Console.WriteLine("==========");
        foreach (Box bx in Boxes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(), 
                bx.Width.ToString());
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W"); 
        Console.WriteLine("==========");

        // Get the default comparer that 
        // sorts first by the height.
        Comparer<Box> defComp = Comparer<Box>.Default;

        // Calling Boxes.Sort() with no parameter
        // is the same as calling Boxs.Sort(defComp)
        // because they are both using the default comparer.
        Boxes.Sort();

        foreach (Box bx in Boxes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(), 
                bx.Width.ToString());
        }


        // This explicit interface implementation
        // compares first by the length.
        // Returns -1 because the length of BoxA
        // is less than the length of BoxB.
        BoxLengthFirst LengthFirst = new BoxLengthFirst(); 

        Comparer<Box> bc = (Comparer<Box>) LengthFirst;

        Box BoxA = new Box(2, 6, 8);
        Box BoxB = new Box(10, 12, 14);
        int x = LengthFirst.Compare(BoxA, BoxB);
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine(x.ToString());

    

    }

}

public class BoxLengthFirst : Comparer<Box> 
{
    // Compares by Length, Height, and Width.
    public override int Compare(Box x, Box y)
    {
        if (x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) != 0)
        {
            return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);
        }
        else if (x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) != 0)
        {
            return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height);
        }
        else if (x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) != 0)
        {
            return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }

}

// This class is not demonstrated in the Main method
// and is provided only to show how to implement
// the interface. It is recommended to derive
// from Comparer<T> instead of implementing IComparer<T>.
public class BoxComp : IComparer<Box>
{
    // Compares by Height, Length, and Width.
    public int Compare(Box x, Box y)
    {
        if (x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) != 0)
        {
            return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height);
        }
        else if (x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) != 0)
        {
            return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);
        }
        else if (x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) != 0)
        {
            return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

public class Box : IComparable<Box>
{

    public Box(int h, int l, int w)
    {
        this.Height = h;
        this.Length = l;
        this.Width = w;
    }
    public int Height { get; private set; }
    public int Length { get; private set; }
    public int Width { get; private set; }

    public int CompareTo(Box other)
    {
        // Compares Height, Length, and Width.
        if (this.Height.CompareTo(other.Height) != 0)
        {
            return this.Height.CompareTo(other.Height);
        }
        else if (this.Length.CompareTo(other.Length) != 0)
        {
            return this.Length.CompareTo(other.Length);
        }
        else if (this.Width.CompareTo(other.Width) != 0)
        {
            return this.Width.CompareTo(other.Width);
        }
        else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }

}

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Friend Class Program
    Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
        Dim Boxes As New List(Of Box)()
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 20, 14))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(12, 12, 12))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 20, 10))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(6, 10, 2))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 8, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 6, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 12, 20))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(18, 10, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(24, 4, 18))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(10, 4, 16))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(10, 2, 10))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(6, 18, 2))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 12, 4))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(12, 10, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(14, 6, 6))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(16, 6, 16))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(2, 8, 12))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(4, 24, 8))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(8, 6, 20))
        Boxes.Add(New Box(18, 18, 12))

        ' Sort by an Comparer<T> implementation that sorts
        ' first by the length.
        Boxes.Sort(New BoxLengthFirst())

        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W")
        Console.WriteLine("==========")
        For Each bx As Box In Boxes
            Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbTab & "{1}" & vbTab & "{2}", _
                              bx.Height.ToString(), bx.Length.ToString(), _
                              bx.Width.ToString())
        Next bx

        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine("H - L - W")
        Console.WriteLine("==========")

        ' Get the default comparer that 
        ' sorts first by the height.
        Dim defComp As Comparer(Of Box) = Comparer(Of Box).Default

        ' Calling Boxes.Sort() with no parameter
        ' is the same as calling Boxs.Sort(defComp)
        ' because they are both using the default comparer.
        Boxes.Sort()

        For Each bx As Box In Boxes
            Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbTab & "{1}" & vbTab & "{2}", _
                              bx.Height.ToString(), _
                              bx.Length.ToString(), _
                              bx.Width.ToString())
        Next bx


        ' This explicit interface implementation
        ' compares first by the length.
        ' Returns -1 because the length of BoxA
        ' is less than the length of BoxB.
        Dim LengthFirst As New BoxLengthFirst()

        Dim bc As Comparer(Of Box) = CType(LengthFirst, Comparer(Of Box))

        Dim BoxA As New Box(2, 6, 8)
        Dim BoxB As New Box(10, 12, 14)
        Dim x As Integer = LengthFirst.Compare(BoxA, BoxB)
        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine(x.ToString())



    End Sub

End Class

Public Class BoxLengthFirst
    Inherits Comparer(Of Box)
    ' Compares by Length, Height, and Width.
    Public Overrides Function Compare(ByVal x As Box, ByVal y As Box) As Integer
        If x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length)
        ElseIf x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height)
        ElseIf x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function

End Class

' This class is not demonstrated in the Main method
' and is provided only to show how to implement
' the interface. It is recommended to derive
' from Comparer<T> instead of implementing IComparer<T>.
Public Class BoxComp
    Implements IComparer(Of Box)
    ' Compares by Height, Length, and Width.
    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As Box, ByVal y As Box) As Integer Implements _
                                                IComparer(Of Box).Compare
        If x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Height.CompareTo(y.Height)
        ElseIf x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length)
        ElseIf x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return x.Width.CompareTo(y.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function
End Class

Public Class Box
    Implements IComparable(Of Box)

    Public Sub New(ByVal h As Integer, ByVal l As Integer, ByVal w As Integer)
        Me.Height = h
        Me.Length = l
        Me.Width = w
    End Sub
    Private privateHeight As Integer
    Public Property Height() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateHeight
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateHeight = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private privateLength As Integer
    Public Property Length() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateLength
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateLength = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private privateWidth As Integer
    Public Property Width() As Integer
        Get
            Return privateWidth
        End Get
        Private Set(ByVal value As Integer)
            privateWidth = value
        End Set
    End Property

    Public Function CompareTo(ByVal other As Box) As Integer _
                        Implements IComparable(Of Box).CompareTo
        ' Compares Height, Length, and Width.
        If Me.Height.CompareTo(other.Height) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Height.CompareTo(other.Height)
        ElseIf Me.Length.CompareTo(other.Length) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Length.CompareTo(other.Length)
        ElseIf Me.Width.CompareTo(other.Width) <> 0 Then
            Return Me.Width.CompareTo(other.Width)
        Else
            Return 0
        End If
    End Function

End Class

Комментарии

Используйте класс, производный от этого класса, чтобы предоставить пользовательскую реализацию IComparer<T> интерфейса для использования с классами коллекций, такими SortedList<TKey,TValue> как универсальные классы и SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> .Derive from this class to provide a custom implementation of the IComparer<T> interface for use with collection classes such as the SortedList<TKey,TValue> and SortedDictionary<TKey,TValue> generic classes.

Разница между наследованием от Comparer<T> класса и System.IComparable реализацией интерфейса выглядит следующим образом:The difference between deriving from the Comparer<T> class and implementing the System.IComparable interface is as follows:

• Чтобы указать, как два объекта должны сравниваться по умолчанию, System.IComparable реализуйте интерфейс в своем классе.To specify how two objects should be compared by default, implement the System.IComparable interface in your class. Это гарантирует, что в операциях сортировки будет использоваться указанный по умолчанию код сравнения.This ensures that sort operations will use the default comparison code that you provided.

• Чтобы определить компаратор для использования вместо компаратора по умолчанию, следует использовать Comparer<T> класс, производный от класса.To define a comparer to use instead of the default comparer, derive from the Comparer<T> class. Затем это средство сравнения можно использовать в операциях сортировки, принимающих компаратор в качестве параметра.You can then use this comparer in sort operations that take a comparer as a parameter.

Default Объект, возвращаемый свойством,IComparable<T> System.IComparable<T> IComparable(Of T) использует универсальный интерфейс (в C#Visual Basic) для сравнения двух объектов.The object returned by the Default property uses the System.IComparable<T> generic interface (IComparable<T> in C#, IComparable(Of T) in Visual Basic) to compare two objects. Если тип T System.IComparable<T> не реализует универсальный интерфейс, Default свойство возвращает объект Comparer<T> , который использует System.IComparable интерфейс.If type T does not implement the System.IComparable<T> generic interface, the Default property returns a Comparer<T> that uses the System.IComparable interface.

Примечания для тех, кто реализует этот метод

Конструкторы

Свойства

Методы

Явные реализации интерфейса

Применяется к

Дополнительно

• IComparer<T>
• IComparable<T>
• StringComparer
• CultureInfo