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使用按钮进行输入

适用于：SDK v4

按钮改进了聊天体验，因为可以让用户回答问题或选择所需按钮，而不必使用键盘键入响应。 与资讯卡中显示的按钮（即使在选择后仍然可见且可供用户访问）不同，建议的操作窗格中显示的按钮将在用户进行选择后消失。 这可以防止用户在聊天中选择过时按钮并简化机器人开发，因为不需对该场景进行说明。

注意

Bot Framework JavaScript、C# 和 Python SDK 将继续受支持，但 Java SDK 即将停用，长期支持最终将结束于 2023 年 11 月。 仅执行此存储库中的关键安全性和缺陷修复。

使用 Java SDK 构建的现有机器人将继续正常运行。

对于新的机器人生成，请考虑使用 Power Virtual Agents 并参阅选择合适的聊天机器人解决方案。

有关详细信息，请参阅机器人构建的未来。

使用按钮提供操作建议

建议的操作让机器人能够显示按钮。 可以创建一个建议的操作列表（也称为“快速回复”），该列表将作为单轮聊天显示给用户。

C#

下面是建议的操作示例中的一个示例。

// Creates and sends an activity with suggested actions to the user. When the user
// clicks one of the buttons the text value from the "CardAction" will be
// displayed in the channel just as if the user entered the text. There are multiple
// "ActionTypes" that may be used for different situations.
private static async Task SendSuggestedActionsAsync(ITurnContext turnContext, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    var reply = MessageFactory.Text("What is your favorite color?");

    reply.SuggestedActions = new SuggestedActions()
    {
        Actions = new List<CardAction>()
        {
            new CardAction() { Title = "Red", Type = ActionTypes.ImBack, Value = "Red", Image = "https://via.placeholder.com/20/FF0000?text=R", ImageAltText = "R" },
            new CardAction() { Title = "Yellow", Type = ActionTypes.ImBack, Value = "Yellow", Image = "https://via.placeholder.com/20/FFFF00?text=Y", ImageAltText = "Y" },
            new CardAction() { Title = "Blue", Type = ActionTypes.ImBack, Value = "Blue", Image = "https://via.placeholder.com/20/0000FF?text=B", ImageAltText = "B" },
        },
    };
    await turnContext.SendActivityAsync(reply, cancellationToken);
}

JavaScript

下面是建议的操作示例中的一个示例。

/**
 * Send suggested actions to the user.
 * @param {TurnContext} turnContext A TurnContext instance containing all the data needed for processing this conversation turn.
 */
async sendSuggestedActions(turnContext) {
    const cardActions = [
        {
            type: ActionTypes.PostBack,
            title: 'Red',
            value: 'Red',
            image: 'https://via.placeholder.com/20/FF0000?text=R',
            imageAltText: 'R'
        },
        {
            type: ActionTypes.PostBack,
            title: 'Yellow',
            value: 'Yellow',
            image: 'https://via.placeholder.com/20/FFFF00?text=Y',
            imageAltText: 'Y'
        },
        {
            type: ActionTypes.PostBack,
            title: 'Blue',
            value: 'Blue',
            image: 'https://via.placeholder.com/20/0000FF?text=B',
            imageAltText: 'B'
        }
    ];

    var reply = MessageFactory.suggestedActions(cardActions, 'What is the best color?');
    await turnContext.sendActivity(reply);
}

Java

下面是建议的操作示例中的一个示例。

/**
 * Creates and sends an activity with suggested actions to the user. When the user
 * clicks one of the buttons the text value from the "CardAction" will be
 * displayed in the channel just as if the user entered the text. There are multiple
 * "ActionTypes" that may be used for different situations.
 */
private static CompletableFuture<Void> sendSuggestedActions(TurnContext turnContext) {
    Activity reply = MessageFactory.text("What is your favorite color?");

    CardAction redAction = new CardAction();
    redAction.setTitle("Red");
    redAction.setType(ActionTypes.IM_BACK);
    redAction.setValue("Red");
    redAction.setImage("https://via.placeholder.com/20/FF0000?text=R");
    redAction.setImageAltText("R");

    CardAction yellowAction = new CardAction();
    yellowAction.setTitle("Yellow");
    yellowAction.setType(ActionTypes.IM_BACK);
    yellowAction.setValue("Yellow");
    yellowAction.setImage("https://via.placeholder.com/20/FFFF00?text=Y");
    yellowAction.setImageAltText("Y");

    CardAction blueAction = new CardAction();
    blueAction.setTitle("Blue");
    blueAction.setType(ActionTypes.IM_BACK);
    blueAction.setValue("Blue");
    blueAction.setImage("https://via.placeholder.com/20/0000FF?text=B");
    blueAction.setImageAltText("B");

    SuggestedActions actions = new SuggestedActions();
    actions.setActions(Arrays.asList(redAction, yellowAction, blueAction));
    reply.setSuggestedActions(actions);
    return turnContext.sendActivity(reply).thenApply(sendResult -> null);
}

Python

下面是建议的操作示例中的一个示例。

async def _send_suggested_actions(self, turn_context: TurnContext):
    """
    Creates and sends an activity with suggested actions to the user. When the user
    clicks one of the buttons the text value from the "CardAction" will be displayed
    in the channel just as if the user entered the text. There are multiple
    "ActionTypes" that may be used for different situations.
    """

    reply = MessageFactory.text("What is your favorite color?")

    reply.suggested_actions = SuggestedActions(
        actions=[
            CardAction(
                title="Red",
                type=ActionTypes.im_back,
                value="Red",
                image="https://via.placeholder.com/20/FF0000?text=R",
                image_alt_text="R",
            ),
            CardAction(
                title="Yellow",
                type=ActionTypes.im_back,
                value="Yellow",
                image="https://via.placeholder.com/20/FFFF00?text=Y",
                image_alt_text="Y",
            ),
            CardAction(
                title="Blue",
                type=ActionTypes.im_back,
                value="Blue",
                image="https://via.placeholder.com/20/0000FF?text=B",
                image_alt_text="B",
            ),
        ]
    )

    return await turn_context.send_activity(reply)

其他资源

可以使用 C#、JavaScript、Java 和 Python 访问“建议的操作”示例的完整源代码。

后续步骤

保存用户和聊天数据