你当前正在访问 Microsoft Azure Global Edition 技术文档网站。如果需要访问由世纪互联运营的 Microsoft Azure 中国技术文档网站，请访问 https://docs.azure.cn。

使用语音 SDK 与客户端应用程序集成

项目
02/19/2024

重要

自定义命令将于 2026 年 4 月 30 日停用。自 2023 年 10 月 30 日起，无法在 Speech Studio 中创建新的自定义命令应用程序。与此更改相关的是，LUIS 将于 2025 年 10 月 1 日停用。自 2023 年 4 月 1 日起，无法创建新的 LUIS 资源。

本文介绍如何从 UWP 应用程序中运行的语音 SDK 向已发布的自定义命令应用程序发出请求。为了建立与自定义命令应用程序的连接，需要：

发布自定义命令应用程序，并获取应用程序标识符（应用 ID）
使用语音 SDK 创建一个通用 Windows 平台 (UWP) 客户端应用，以便你能够与自定义命令应用程序通信

先决条件

若要完成本文，需要自定义命令应用程序。尝试根据快速入门来创建自定义命令应用程序：

创建自定义命令应用程序

还需要：

Visual Studio 2019 或更高版本。本指南基于 Visual Studio 2019。
Azure AI 语音资源密钥和区域：在 Azure 门户上创建语音资源。有关详细信息，请参阅创建多服务资源。
启用设备进行开发

步骤 1：发布自定义命令应用程序

打开你之前创建的自定义命令应用程序。
转到“设置”，选择“LUIS 资源”。
如果未分配“预测资源”，请选择一个查询预测密钥或创建一个新的查询预测密钥。

在发布应用程序之前，始终需要查询预测密钥。有关 LUIS 资源的详细信息，请参阅创建 LUIS 资源
返回到编辑命令，选择“发布”。
从“发布”通知中复制应用 ID 供以后使用。
复制语音资源密钥供以后使用。

步骤 2：创建 Visual Studio 项目

创建用于 UWP 开发的 Visual Studio 项目并安装语音 SDK。

步骤 3：添加示例代码

在此步骤中，添加定义应用程序用户界面的 XAML 代码，并添加 C# 代码隐藏实现。

XAML 代码

通过添加 XAML 代码创建应用程序的用户界面。

在“解决方案资源管理器”中打开 MainPage.xaml

在设计器的 XAML 视图中，将整个内容替换为以下代码片段：

<Page
    x:Class="helloworld.MainPage"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:helloworld"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d"
    Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}">

    <Grid>
        <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                    Margin="20,50,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="800">
            <Button x:Name="EnableMicrophoneButton" Content="Enable Microphone"
                    Margin="0,10,10,0" Click="EnableMicrophone_ButtonClicked"
                    Height="35"/>
            <Button x:Name="ListenButton" Content="Talk"
                    Margin="0,10,10,0" Click="ListenButton_ButtonClicked"
                    Height="35"/>
            <StackPanel x:Name="StatusPanel" Orientation="Vertical"
                        RelativePanel.AlignBottomWithPanel="True"
                        RelativePanel.AlignRightWithPanel="True"
                        RelativePanel.AlignLeftWithPanel="True">
                <TextBlock x:Name="StatusLabel" Margin="0,10,10,0"
                           TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Status:" FontSize="20"/>
                <Border x:Name="StatusBorder" Margin="0,0,0,0">
                    <ScrollViewer VerticalScrollMode="Auto"
                                  VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" MaxHeight="200">
                        <!-- Use LiveSetting to enable screen readers to announce
                             the status update. -->
                        <TextBlock
                            x:Name="StatusBlock" FontWeight="Bold"
                            AutomationProperties.LiveSetting="Assertive"
                            MaxWidth="{Binding ElementName=Splitter, Path=ActualWidth}"
                            Margin="10,10,10,20" TextWrapping="Wrap"  />
                    </ScrollViewer>
                </Border>
            </StackPanel>
        </StackPanel>
        <MediaElement x:Name="mediaElement"/>
    </Grid>
</Page>

更新“设计”视图以显示应用程序的用户界面。

C# 代码隐藏源

添加代码隐藏源，以便应用程序按预期工作。代码隐藏源包括：

Speech 和 Speech.Dialog 命名空间的所需 using 语句。
一个绑定到按钮处理程序的简单实现，用于确保麦克风访问。
基本的 UI 帮助程序，用于在应用程序中提供消息和错误。
初始化代码路径的登陆点。
用于播放文本转语音的帮助程序（没有流式处理支持）。
用于开始侦听的空按钮处理程序。

按如下所示添加代码隐藏源：

在“解决方案资源管理器”中，打开代码隐藏源文件 MainPage.xaml.cs（归入 MainPage.xaml）

将该文件的内容替换为以下代码：

using Microsoft.CognitiveServices.Speech;
using Microsoft.CognitiveServices.Speech.Audio;
using Microsoft.CognitiveServices.Speech.Dialog;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;

namespace helloworld
{
    public sealed partial class MainPage : Page
    {
        private DialogServiceConnector connector;

        private enum NotifyType
        {
            StatusMessage,
            ErrorMessage
        };

        public MainPage()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private async void EnableMicrophone_ButtonClicked(
            object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            bool isMicAvailable = true;
            try
            {
                var mediaCapture = new Windows.Media.Capture.MediaCapture();
                var settings =
                    new Windows.Media.Capture.MediaCaptureInitializationSettings();
                settings.StreamingCaptureMode =
                    Windows.Media.Capture.StreamingCaptureMode.Audio;
                await mediaCapture.InitializeAsync(settings);
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                isMicAvailable = false;
            }
            if (!isMicAvailable)
            {
                await Windows.System.Launcher.LaunchUriAsync(
                    new Uri("ms-settings:privacy-microphone"));
            }
            else
            {
                NotifyUser("Microphone was enabled", NotifyType.StatusMessage);
            }
        }

        private void NotifyUser(
            string strMessage, NotifyType type = NotifyType.StatusMessage)
        {
            // If called from the UI thread, then update immediately.
            // Otherwise, schedule a task on the UI thread to perform the update.
            if (Dispatcher.HasThreadAccess)
            {
                UpdateStatus(strMessage, type);
            }
            else
            {
                var task = Dispatcher.RunAsync(
                    Windows.UI.Core.CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal,
                    () => UpdateStatus(strMessage, type));
            }
        }

        private void UpdateStatus(string strMessage, NotifyType type)
        {
            switch (type)
            {
                case NotifyType.StatusMessage:
                    StatusBorder.Background = new SolidColorBrush(
                        Windows.UI.Colors.Green);
                    break;
                case NotifyType.ErrorMessage:
                    StatusBorder.Background = new SolidColorBrush(
                        Windows.UI.Colors.Red);
                    break;
            }
            StatusBlock.Text += string.IsNullOrEmpty(StatusBlock.Text)
                ? strMessage : "\n" + strMessage;

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(StatusBlock.Text))
            {
                StatusBorder.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                StatusPanel.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
            }
            else
            {
                StatusBorder.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                StatusPanel.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
            }
            // Raise an event if necessary to enable a screen reader
            // to announce the status update.
            var peer = Windows.UI.Xaml.Automation.Peers.FrameworkElementAutomationPeer.FromElement(StatusBlock);
            if (peer != null)
            {
                peer.RaiseAutomationEvent(
                    Windows.UI.Xaml.Automation.Peers.AutomationEvents.LiveRegionChanged);
            }
        }

        // Waits for and accumulates all audio associated with a given
        // PullAudioOutputStream and then plays it to the MediaElement. Long spoken
        // audio will create extra latency and a streaming playback solution
        // (that plays audio while it continues to be received) should be used --
        // see the samples for examples of this.
        private void SynchronouslyPlayActivityAudio(
            PullAudioOutputStream activityAudio)
        {
            var playbackStreamWithHeader = new MemoryStream();
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("RIFF"), 0, 4); // ChunkID
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(UInt32.MaxValue), 0, 4); // ChunkSize: max
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("WAVE"), 0, 4); // Format
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("fmt "), 0, 4); // Subchunk1ID
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(16), 0, 4); // Subchunk1Size: PCM
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(1), 0, 2); // AudioFormat: PCM
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(1), 0, 2); // NumChannels: mono
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(16000), 0, 4); // SampleRate: 16kHz
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(32000), 0, 4); // ByteRate
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(2), 0, 2); // BlockAlign
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(16), 0, 2); // BitsPerSample: 16-bit
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("data"), 0, 4); // Subchunk2ID
            playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(UInt32.MaxValue), 0, 4); // Subchunk2Size

            byte[] pullBuffer = new byte[2056];

            uint lastRead = 0;
            do
            {
                lastRead = activityAudio.Read(pullBuffer);
                playbackStreamWithHeader.Write(pullBuffer, 0, (int)lastRead);
            }
            while (lastRead == pullBuffer.Length);

            var task = Dispatcher.RunAsync(
                Windows.UI.Core.CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
            {
                mediaElement.SetSource(
                    playbackStreamWithHeader.AsRandomAccessStream(), "audio/wav");
                mediaElement.Play();
            });
        }

        private void InitializeDialogServiceConnector()
        {
            // New code will go here
        }

        private async void ListenButton_ButtonClicked(
            object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // New code will go here
        }
    }
}

注意

如果看到错误：“类型‘对象’在未被引用的程序集中定义”

右键单击解决方案。
选择“管理解决方案的 NuGet 包”，然后选择“更新”
如果在更新列表中看到 Microsoft.NETCore.UniversalWindowsPlatform，将 Microsoft.NETCore.UniversalWindowsPlatform 更新为最新版本

将以下代码添加到 InitializeDialogServiceConnector 的方法主体

// This code creates the `DialogServiceConnector` with your resource information.
// create a DialogServiceConfig by providing a Custom Commands application id and Speech resource key
// The RecoLanguage property is optional (default en-US); note that only en-US is supported in Preview
const string speechCommandsApplicationId = "YourApplicationId"; // Your application id
const string speechSubscriptionKey = "YourSpeechSubscriptionKey"; // Your Speech resource key
const string region = "YourServiceRegion"; // The Speech resource region. 

var speechCommandsConfig = CustomCommandsConfig.FromSubscription(speechCommandsApplicationId, speechSubscriptionKey, region);
speechCommandsConfig.SetProperty(PropertyId.SpeechServiceConnection_RecoLanguage, "en-us");
connector = new DialogServiceConnector(speechCommandsConfig);

将字符串 YourApplicationId、YourSpeechSubscriptionKey 和 YourServiceRegion 分别替换为自己的应用、语音密钥和区域值

将以下代码片段追加到 InitializeDialogServiceConnector 的方法主体的末尾

//
// This code sets up handlers for events relied on by `DialogServiceConnector` to communicate its activities,
// speech recognition results, and other information.
//
// ActivityReceived is the main way your client will receive messages, audio, and events
connector.ActivityReceived += (sender, activityReceivedEventArgs) =>
{
    NotifyUser(
        $"Activity received, hasAudio={activityReceivedEventArgs.HasAudio} activity={activityReceivedEventArgs.Activity}");

    if (activityReceivedEventArgs.HasAudio)
    {
        SynchronouslyPlayActivityAudio(activityReceivedEventArgs.Audio);
    }
};

// Canceled will be signaled when a turn is aborted or experiences an error condition
connector.Canceled += (sender, canceledEventArgs) =>
{
    NotifyUser($"Canceled, reason={canceledEventArgs.Reason}");
    if (canceledEventArgs.Reason == CancellationReason.Error)
    {
        NotifyUser(
            $"Error: code={canceledEventArgs.ErrorCode}, details={canceledEventArgs.ErrorDetails}");
    }
};

// Recognizing (not 'Recognized') will provide the intermediate recognized text
// while an audio stream is being processed
connector.Recognizing += (sender, recognitionEventArgs) =>
{
    NotifyUser($"Recognizing! in-progress text={recognitionEventArgs.Result.Text}");
};

// Recognized (not 'Recognizing') will provide the final recognized text
// once audio capture is completed
connector.Recognized += (sender, recognitionEventArgs) =>
{
    NotifyUser($"Final speech to text result: '{recognitionEventArgs.Result.Text}'");
};

// SessionStarted will notify when audio begins flowing to the service for a turn
connector.SessionStarted += (sender, sessionEventArgs) =>
{
    NotifyUser($"Now Listening! Session started, id={sessionEventArgs.SessionId}");
};

// SessionStopped will notify when a turn is complete and
// it's safe to begin listening again
connector.SessionStopped += (sender, sessionEventArgs) =>
{
    NotifyUser($"Listening complete. Session ended, id={sessionEventArgs.SessionId}");
};

将以下代码片段添加到 MainPage 类中 ListenButton_ButtonClicked 方法的正文

// This code sets up `DialogServiceConnector` to listen, since you already established the configuration and
// registered the event handlers.
if (connector == null)
{
    InitializeDialogServiceConnector();
    // Optional step to speed up first interaction: if not called,
    // connection happens automatically on first use
    var connectTask = connector.ConnectAsync();
}

try
{
    // Start sending audio
    await connector.ListenOnceAsync();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    NotifyUser($"Exception: {ex.ToString()}", NotifyType.ErrorMessage);
}