如何：循环访问 Windows 窗体 TreeView 控件的所有节点

  • 项目

若要对节点值执行一些计算，检查 Windows 窗体 TreeView 控件中的每个节点有时很有用。 可使用递归方法（VB.NET 中的递归过程）来完成此操作，该方法循环访问树的每个集合中的每个节点。

树视图中的每个 TreeNode 对象都具有可用于导航树视图的属性：FirstNode、LastNode、NextNode、PrevNode 和 Parent。 Parent 属性的值是当前节点的父节点。 如果存在当前节点的子节点，则会在其 Nodes 属性中列出。 TreeView 控件本身具有 TopNode 属性，该属性是整个树视图的根节点。

递归方法

递归方法使用处理树节点的方法，然后为每个子节点调用相同的方法。 重复此过程，直到树中的所有节点均被处理。 此方法的缺点是，如果树很大，可能会遇到堆栈溢出错误并且内存不足。

以下示例显示如何输出每个 TreeNode 对象的 Text 属性：

private void PrintRecursive(TreeNode treeNode)
{
    // Print the node.  
    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(treeNode.Text);
    MessageBox.Show(treeNode.Text);

    // Visit each node recursively.  
    foreach (TreeNode tn in treeNode.Nodes)
    {
        PrintRecursive(tn);
    }
}       

// Call the procedure using the TreeView.  
private void CallRecursive(TreeView treeView)
{
    // Print each node recursively.  
    foreach (TreeNode n in treeView.Nodes)
    {
        //recursiveTotalNodes++;
        PrintRecursive(n);
    }
}

Private Sub PrintRecursive(n As TreeNode)
    System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(n.Text)
    MessageBox.Show(n.Text)
    Dim aNode As TreeNode
    For Each aNode In n.Nodes
        PrintRecursive(aNode)
    Next
End Sub

' Call the procedure using the top nodes of the treeview.  
Private Sub CallRecursive(aTreeView As TreeView)
    Dim n As TreeNode
    For Each n In aTreeView.Nodes
        PrintRecursive(n)
    Next
End Sub

private:
    void PrintRecursive(TreeNode^ treeNode)
    {
        // Print the node.  
        System::Diagnostics::Debug::WriteLine(treeNode->Text);
        MessageBox::Show(treeNode->Text);

        // Print each node recursively.  
        System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myNodes = (safe_cast<System::Collections::IEnumerable^>(treeNode->Nodes))->GetEnumerator();
        try
        {
            while (myNodes->MoveNext())
            {
                TreeNode^ tn = safe_cast<TreeNode^>(myNodes->Current);
                PrintRecursive(tn);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            delete(myNodes);
        }
    }

    // Call the procedure using the TreeView.  
    void CallRecursive(TreeView^ treeView)
    {
        // Print each node recursively.  
        TreeNodeCollection^ nodes = treeView->Nodes;
        System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myNodes = (safe_cast<System::Collections::IEnumerable^>(nodes))->GetEnumerator();
        try
        {
            while (myNodes->MoveNext())
            {
                TreeNode^ n = safe_cast<TreeNode^>(myNodes->Current);
                PrintRecursive(n);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            delete(myNodes);
        }
    }

非递归方法

以下示例是使用 Queue<T> 集合遍历树节点的替代迭代方法。 此方法不遵循节点的父子关系，仅确保输出每个节点。 如果要处理每个树节点及其子节点，首先使用 Stack<T> 集合

private void PrintNonRecursive(TreeNode treeNode)
{
    if (treeNode != null)
    {
        //Using a queue to store and process each node in the TreeView
        Queue<TreeNode> staging = new Queue<TreeNode>();
        staging.Enqueue(treeNode);

        while (staging.Count > 0)
        {
            treeNode = staging.Dequeue();
            
            // Print the node.  
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(treeNode.Text);
            MessageBox.Show(treeNode.Text);

            foreach (TreeNode node in treeNode.Nodes)
            {
                staging.Enqueue(node);
            }
        }
    }
}

// Call the procedure using the TreeView.  
private void CallNonRecursive(TreeView treeView)
{
    // Print each node.
    foreach (TreeNode n in treeView.Nodes)
    {
        PrintNonRecursive(n);
    }
}

Private Sub PrintNonrecursive(n As TreeNode)
    If n IsNot Nothing Then
        Dim staging As Queue(Of TreeNode) = New Queue(Of TreeNode)
        staging.Enqueue(n)
        While staging.Count > 0
            n = staging.Dequeue()

            'Print the node.  
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(n.Text)
            MessageBox.Show(n.Text)

            Dim node As TreeNode
            For Each node In n.Nodes
                staging.Enqueue(node)
            Next
        End While
    End If
End Sub

Private Sub CallNonRecursive(aTreeView As TreeView)
    Dim n As TreeNode
    For Each n In aTreeView.Nodes
        PrintNonrecursive(n)
    Next
End Sub

private:
    void PrintNonRecursive(TreeNode^ treeNode)
    {
        //Using a queue to store and process each node in the TreeView
        Queue^ staging = gcnew Queue();
        staging->Enqueue(treeNode);
        while (staging->Count > 0)
        {
            treeNode = safe_cast<TreeNode^>(staging->Dequeue());

            // Print the node.  
            System::Diagnostics::Debug::WriteLine(treeNode->Text);
            MessageBox::Show(treeNode->Text);

            System::Collections::IEnumerator^ children = (safe_cast<System::Collections::IEnumerable^>(treeNode->Nodes))->GetEnumerator();
            try 
            {
                while (children->MoveNext())
                {
                    staging->Enqueue(children->Current);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                delete(children);
            }                
        }

        // Print the node.  
        System::Diagnostics::Debug::WriteLine(treeNode->Text);
        MessageBox::Show(treeNode->Text);

        // Print each node recursively.  
        System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myNodes = (safe_cast<System::Collections::IEnumerable^>(treeNode->Nodes))->GetEnumerator();
        try
        {
            while (myNodes->MoveNext())
            {
                TreeNode^ tn = safe_cast<TreeNode^>(myNodes->Current);
                PrintRecursive(tn);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            delete(myNodes);
        }
    }

    // Call the procedure using the TreeView.  
    void CallNonRecursive(TreeView^ treeView)
    {
        // Print each node recursively.  
        TreeNodeCollection^ nodes = treeView->Nodes;
        System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myNodes = (safe_cast<System::Collections::IEnumerable^>(nodes))->GetEnumerator();
        try
        {
            while (myNodes->MoveNext())
            {
                TreeNode^ n = safe_cast<TreeNode^>(myNodes->Current);
                PrintNonRecursive(n);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            delete(myNodes);
        }
    }

另请参阅