练习 - 添加 JavaScript 代码以使用 Cosmos DB

已完成

在本单元中,你将创建并运行脚本,这些脚本使用 SQL 关键字(如 LIKE、JOIN 和 WHERE)通过 Cosmos SDK 查找数据。

创建脚本以在容器中查找产品

  1. 在 Visual Studio Code 的“文件”菜单中,选择“新建文本文件”。

  2. 在“文件”菜单中,选择“另存为”。 使用名称 2-contoso-products-find.js 保存新文件。

  3. 复制以下 JavaScript 并将其粘贴到该文件中:

    import * as path from "path";
    import { promises as fs } from "fs";
    import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
    const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
    
    // Get environment variables from .env
    import * as dotenv from "dotenv";
    dotenv.config();
    
    // Get Cosmos Client
    import { CosmosClient } from "@azure/cosmos";
    
    // Provide required connection from environment variables
    const cosmosSecret = process.env.COSMOS_CONNECTION_STRING;
    
    // Authenticate to Azure Cosmos DB
    const cosmosClient = new CosmosClient(cosmosSecret);
    
    // Set Database name and container name
    const databaseName = process.env.COSMOS_DATABASE_NAME;
    const containerName = process.env.COSMOS_CONTAINER_NAME;
    
    // Get Container
    const container = await cosmosClient
      .database(databaseName)
      .container(containerName);
    
    // Find all products that match a property with a value like `value`
    async function executeSqlFind(property, value) {
      // Build query
      const querySpec = {
        query: `select * from products p where p.${property} LIKE @propertyValue`,
        parameters: [
          {
            name: "@propertyValue",
            value: `${value}`,
          },
        ],
      };
    
      // Show query
      console.log(querySpec);
    
      // Get results
      const { resources } = await container.items.query(querySpec).fetchAll();
    
      let i = 0;
    
      // Show results of query
      for (const item of resources) {
        console.log(`${++i}: ${item.id}: ${item.name}, ${item.sku}`);
      }
    }
    
    // Find inventory of products with property/value and location
    async function executeSqlInventory(propertyName, propertyValue, locationPropertyName, locationPropertyValue) {
      // Build query
      const querySpec = {
        query: `select p.id, p.name, i.location, i.inventory from products p JOIN i IN p.inventory where p.${propertyName} LIKE @propertyValue AND i.${locationPropertyName}=@locationPropertyValue`,
    
        parameters: [
          {
            name: "@propertyValue",
            value: `${propertyValue}`,
          },
          { 
            name: "@locationPropertyValue", 
            value: `${locationPropertyValue}` },
        ],
      };
    
      // Show query
      console.log(querySpec);
    
      // Get results
      const { resources } = await container.items.query(querySpec).fetchAll();
    
      let i = 0;
    
      // Show results of query
      console.log(`Looking for ${propertyName}=${propertyValue}, ${locationPropertyName}=${locationPropertyValue}`);
      for (const item of resources) {
        console.log(
          `${++i}: ${item.id}: '${item.name}': current inventory = ${
            item.inventory
          }`
        );
      }
    }
    
    // Example queries
    /*
    
    // find all bikes based on partial match to property value
    
    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find categoryName '%Bikes%'
    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find name '%Blue%'
    
    // find inventory at location on partial match to property value and specific location
    
    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find-inventory categoryName '%Bikes%' location Seattle
    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find-inventory name '%Blue%' location Dallas
    
    */
    const args = process.argv;
    
    if (args && args[2] == "find") {
      await executeSqlFind(args[3], args[4]);
    } else if (args && args[2] == "find-inventory") {
      await executeSqlInventory(args[3], args[4], args[5], args[6]);
    } else {
      console.log("products: no args used");
    }
    
  4. 在 Visual Studio Code 终端中,执行 JavaScript 文件以查找所有自行车:

    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find categoryName '%Bikes%'
    

    术语 bikes 用百分比符号 % 包住,表示部分匹配。

    容器的 executeSqlFind 方法中的 SQL 查询使用 LIKE 关键字和查询参数查找 categoryName 包含 Bikes 的任何项。

  5. 运行另一个查询以查找名称中包含 Blue 一词的所有产品。

    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find name '%Blue%'
    
  6. 运行另一个查询以查找西雅图的自行车产品库存。

    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find-inventory categoryName '%Bikes%' Seattle
    
  7. 运行另一个查询以查找达拉斯的名称中包含 Blue 一词的所有产品库存。

    node 2-contoso-products-find.js find-inventory name '%Blue%' Dallas
    

创建脚本以将产品更新插入到容器

  1. 在 Visual Studio Code 的“文件”菜单中,选择“新建文本文件”。

  2. 在“文件”菜单中,选择“另存为”。 使用名称 3-contoso-products-upsert.js 保存新文件。

  3. 复制以下 JavaScript 并将其粘贴到该文件中:

    import * as path from "path";
    import { promises as fs } from "fs";
    import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
    const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
    
    // Get environment variables from .env
    import * as dotenv from "dotenv";
    dotenv.config();
    
    // Get Cosmos Client
    import { CosmosClient } from "@azure/cosmos";
    
    // Provide required connection from environment variables
    const cosmosSecret = process.env.COSMOS_CONNECTION_STRING;
    
    // Authenticate to Azure Cosmos DB
    const cosmosClient = new CosmosClient(cosmosSecret);
    
    // Set Database name and container name
    const databaseName = process.env.COSMOS_DATABASE_NAME;
    const containerName = process.env.COSMOS_CONTAINER_NAME;
    
    // Get Container
    const container = await cosmosClient.database(databaseName).container(containerName);
    
    // Either insert or update item
    async function upsert(fileAndPathToJson, encoding='utf-8') {
    
      // Get item from file
      const data = JSON.parse(await fs.readFile(path.join(__dirname, fileAndPathToJson), encoding));
    
      // Process request
      // result.resource is the returned item
      const result = await container.items.upsert(data);
    
      if(result.statusCode===201){
        console.log("Inserted data");
      } else if (result.statusCode===200){
        console.log("Updated data");
      } else {
        console.log(`unexpected statusCode ${result.statusCode}`);
      }
    }
    
    // Insert data - statusCode = 201
    await upsert('./3-contoso-products-upsert-insert.json');
    
    // Update data - statusCode = 200
    await upsert('./3-contoso-products-upsert-update.json');
    
    // Get item from container and partition key
    const { resource } = await container.item("123", "xyz").read();
    
    // Show final item
    console.log(resource);
    
  4. 为产品 3-contoso-products-upsert-insert.json 创建新文件,并粘贴以下 JSON 对象。

    {
        "id": "123",
        "categoryName": "xyz",
        "name": "_a new item inserted"
    }
    

    请注意,ID 为 123 的此对象没有任何库存。

  5. 为产品 3-contoso-products-upsert-update.json 创建新文件,并粘贴以下 JSON 对象。

    {
      "id": "123",
      "categoryName": "xyz",
      "name": "_a new item updated",
      "inventory": [
        {
          "location": "Dallas",
          "inventory": 100
        }
      ]
    }
    

    请注意,此对象确实有库存。

  6. 在 Visual Studio Code 终端中,执行 JavaScript 文件以更新插入新产品。

    3-contoso-products-upsert.js
    

    由于具有该 ID 的产品不存在,因此会插入。 然后脚本将使用库存更新产品。 插入和更新功能都使用相同的代码来更新插入。