Office 脚本示例方案：成绩计算器

在此方案中，你是一名讲师，对每个学生的学期末成绩进行计数。 你一直在为他们的作业和测试输入分数。 现在，是时候决定学生的命运了。

你将开发一个脚本，用于汇总每个分数类别的分数。 然后，它将根据总数为每个学生分配一个字母等级。 为了帮助确保准确性，你将添加一些检查，以查看是否有任何个人分数过低或过高。 如果学生的分数小于零或大于可能的分数值，则脚本将使用红色填充标记单元格，而不是该学生的分数总计。 这将清楚地指示需要双重检查哪些记录。 你还将向成绩添加一些基本格式，以便快速查看课堂的顶部和底部。

涵盖的脚本技能

• 单元格格式
• 错误检查
• 正则表达式
• 条件格式

设置说明

1. 将示例工作簿下载到 OneDrive。

   下载示例工作簿

2. 在 Excel 中打开工作簿。

3. 在“ 自动 ”选项卡下，选择“ 新建脚本 ”，并将以下脚本粘贴到编辑器中。

   function main(workbook: ExcelScript.Workbook) {
     // Get the worksheet and validate the data.
     let studentsRange = workbook.getActiveWorksheet().getUsedRange();
     if (studentsRange.getColumnCount() !== 6) {
       throw new Error(`The required columns are not present. Expected column headers: "Student ID | Assignment score | Mid-term | Final | Total | Grade"`);
     }
   
     let studentData = studentsRange.getValues();
   
     // Clear the total and grade columns.
     studentsRange.getColumn(4).getCell(1, 0).getAbsoluteResizedRange(studentData.length - 1, 2).clear();
   
     // Clear all conditional formatting.
     workbook.getActiveWorksheet().getUsedRange().clearAllConditionalFormats();
   
     // Use regular expressions to read the max score from the assignment, mid-term, and final scores columns.
     let maxScores: string[] = [];
     const assignmentMaxMatches = (studentData[0][1] as string).match(/\d+/);
     const midtermMaxMatches = (studentData[0][2] as string).match(/\d+/);
     const finalMaxMatches = (studentData[0][3] as string).match(/\d+/);
   
     // Check the matches happened before proceeding.
     if (!(assignmentMaxMatches && midtermMaxMatches && finalMaxMatches)) {
       throw new Error(`The scores are not present in the column headers. Expected format: "Assignments (n)|Mid-term (n)|Final (n)"`);
     }
   
     // Use the first (and only) match from the regular expressions as the max scores.
     maxScores = [assignmentMaxMatches[0], midtermMaxMatches[0], finalMaxMatches[0]];
   
     // Set conditional formatting for each of the assignment, mid-term, and final scores columns.
     maxScores.forEach((score, i) => {
       let range = studentsRange.getColumn(i + 1).getCell(0, 0).getRowsBelow(studentData.length - 1);
       setCellValueConditionalFormatting(
         score,
         range,
         "#9C0006",
         "#FFC7CE",
         ExcelScript.ConditionalCellValueOperator.greaterThan
       )
     });
   
     // Store the current range information to avoid calling the workbook in the loop.
     let studentsRangeFormulas = studentsRange.getColumn(4).getFormulasR1C1();
     let studentsRangeValues = studentsRange.getColumn(5).getValues();
   
     /* Iterate over each of the student rows and compute the total score and letter grade.
     * Note that iterator starts at index 1 to skip first (header) row.
     */
     for (let i = 1; i < studentData.length; i++) {
       // If any of the scores are invalid, skip processing it.
       if (studentData[i][1] > maxScores[0] ||
         studentData[i][2] > maxScores[1] ||
         studentData[i][3] > maxScores[2]) {
         continue;
       }
       const total = (studentData[i][1] as number) + (studentData[i][2] as number) + (studentData[i][3] as number);
       let grade: string;
       switch (true) {
         case total < 60:
           grade = "F";
           break;
         case total < 70:
           grade = "D";
           break;
         case total < 80:
           grade = "C";
           break;
         case total < 90:
           grade = "B";
           break;
         default:
           grade = "A";
           break;
       }
   
       // Set total score formula.
       studentsRangeFormulas[i][0] = '=RC[-2]+RC[-1]';
       // Set grade cell.
       studentsRangeValues[i][0] = grade;
     }
   
     // Set the formulas and values outside the loop.
     studentsRange.getColumn(4).setFormulasR1C1(studentsRangeFormulas);
     studentsRange.getColumn(5).setValues(studentsRangeValues);
   
     // Put a conditional formatting on the grade column.
     let totalRange = studentsRange.getColumn(5).getCell(0, 0).getRowsBelow(studentData.length - 1);
     setCellValueConditionalFormatting(
       "A",
       totalRange,
       "#001600",
       "#C6EFCE",
       ExcelScript.ConditionalCellValueOperator.equalTo
     );
     ["D", "F"].forEach((grade) => {
       setCellValueConditionalFormatting(
         grade,
         totalRange,
         "#443300",
         "#FFEE22",
         ExcelScript.ConditionalCellValueOperator.equalTo
       );
     })
     // Center the grade column.
     studentsRange.getColumn(5).getFormat().setHorizontalAlignment(ExcelScript.HorizontalAlignment.center);
   }
   
   /**
    * Helper function to apply conditional formatting.
    * @param value Cell value to use in conditional formatting formula1.
    * @param range Target range.
    * @param fontColor Font color to use.
    * @param fillColor Fill color to use.
    * @param operator Operator to use in conditional formatting.
    */
   function setCellValueConditionalFormatting(
     value: string,
     range: ExcelScript.Range,
     fontColor: string,
     fillColor: string,
     operator: ExcelScript.ConditionalCellValueOperator) {
     // Determine the formula1 based on the type of value parameter.
     let formula1: string;
     if (isNaN(Number(value))) {
       // For cell value equalTo rule, use this format: formula1: "=\"A\"",
       formula1 = `=\"${value}\"`;
     } else {
       // For number input (greater-than or less-than rules), just append '='.
       formula1 = `=${value}`;
     }
   
     // Apply conditional formatting.
     let conditionalFormatting: ExcelScript.ConditionalFormat;
     conditionalFormatting = range.addConditionalFormat(ExcelScript.ConditionalFormatType.cellValue);
     conditionalFormatting.getCellValue().getFormat().getFont().setColor(fontColor);
     conditionalFormatting.getCellValue().getFormat().getFill().setColor(fillColor);
     conditionalFormatting.getCellValue().setRule({ formula1, operator });
   }
   

4. 将脚本重命名为 “成绩计算器” 并保存它。

运行脚本

在唯一的工作表上运行 “成绩计算器 ”脚本。 该脚本对成绩进行汇总，并为每个学生分配一个字母成绩。 如果任何单个成绩的分数超过作业或测试的价值，则会将违规成绩标记为红色，并且不会计算总和。 此外，任何“A”成绩都以绿色突出显示，而“D”和“F”成绩以黄色突出显示。

运行此脚本之前

运行脚本后