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Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult
获取 SQL 漏洞评估扫描结果。
语法
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult
[-ScanId <String>]
[-RuleId <String>]
-ResourceId <String>
-WorkspaceId <String>
-Server <String>
-Database <String>
[-DefaultProfile <IAzureContextContainer>]
[<CommonParameters>] Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult
[-ScanId <String>]
[-RuleId <String>]
-WorkspaceId <String>
-Server <String>
-Database <String>
-ComputerName <String>
-VmUuid <String>
-AgentId <String>
-WorkspaceResourceId <String>
[-DefaultProfile <IAzureContextContainer>]
[<CommonParameters>] 说明
获取 SQL 漏洞评估扫描结果。
示例
示例 1：从SQL 数据库上的最新扫描获取所有结果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -WorkspaceResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace -ComputerName ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com -AgentId 49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2 -VmUuid 4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master
RuleId : VA1017
Status : NonFinding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {}
Remediation : {
Revoke EXECUTE permission on xp_cmdshell to all users (except dbo)
IsAutomated: False
Portal Link:
Script:
{}
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA1017
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: NegativeList
Title: Execute permissions on xp_cmdshell from all users (except dbo) should be revoked.
Description: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure spawns a Windows command shell, passing in a string for execution. This rule checks that no users (except users with the CONTROL SERVER permission like members of the sysadmin server role) have permission to execute the xp_cmdshell ext
ended stored procedure.
Rationale: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure is a very powerful tool, but because of that, it is crucial that access to xp_cmdshell be tightly controlled. By default, only users with the CONTROL SERVER permission like members of the sysadmin server role can execute this extended
stored procedure. When first enabled, xp_cmdshell has the same security context as the SQL Server service account. The SQL Server service account is often more privileged than necessary for the work being performed by the process created by xp_cmdshell. As such, malicious users can attempt
to elevate their privileges by using xp_cmdshell. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/xp-cmdshell-transact-sql for more information on xp_cmdshell.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT dpr.name AS [Principal] FROM sys.database_permissions AS dp JOIN sys.database_principals AS dpr ON dp.grantee_principal_id = dpr.principal_id WHERE major_id = OBJECT_ID('xp_cmdshell') AND dp.[type] = 'EX' AND [state] IN ( 'G' ,'W' )
Column Names:
Expected Results:
{}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332/sqlServe
rs/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/default/scans/bdbdf860-5d58-464b-ad9a-0125af63c162/scanResults/VA1017
Name : VA1017
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults
RuleId : VA1018
Status : Finding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {True}
Remediation : {
Install the latest SQL Server CU corresponding to your version of SQL Server. Go to https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sqlserver/ff803383.aspx to find and download the required CU.
IsAutomated: True
Portal Link:
Script:
{}
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA1018
Severity: High
Category: InstallationUpdatesAndPatches
Rule type: Binary
Title: Latest updates should be installed
Description: Microsoft periodically releases Cumulative Updates (CUs) for each version of SQL Server. This rule checks whether the latest CU has been installed for the particular version of SQL Server being used.
Rationale: Running with the latest Cumulative Updates (CU) for any particular version of SQL Server is important as these CU are a collection of all available patches up-to-date, including all known security fixes. Microsoft officially recommends ongoing, proactive installation of SQL
Server CUs as they become available.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT CASE WHEN Serverproperty('ProductVersion') >= '14.0.3356.20' THEN 0 ELSE 1 END AS [Violation]
Column Names:
Violation
Expected Results:
{False}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: CIS
Reference: v1.0.0-08-11-2017:1.1
}, {
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
...在此示例中，如果未指定规则 ID，则所有扫描结果都为正在使用的扫描 ID 返回。
示例 2：获取SQL 数据库上具有扫描 ID 的所有结果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -WorkspaceResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace -ComputerName ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com -AgentId 49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2 -VmUuid 4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master -ScanId 7db278d4-4629-4f75-ae0b-9c0e3d3b0816
RuleId : VA1017
Status : NonFinding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {}
Remediation : {
Revoke EXECUTE permission on xp_cmdshell to all users (except dbo)
IsAutomated: False
Portal Link:
Script:
{}
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA1017
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: NegativeList
Title:
Execute permissions on xp_cmdshell from all users (except dbo) should be revoked.
Description: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure spawns a Windows command shell, passin
g in a string for execution. This rule checks that no users (except users with the CONTROL SER
VER permission like members of the sysadmin server role) have permission to execute the xp_cmd
shell extended stored procedure.
Rationale: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure is a very powerful tool, but because o
f that, it is crucial that access to xp_cmdshell be tightly controlled. By default, only
users with the CONTROL SERVER permission like members of the sysadmin server role can execute
this extended stored procedure. When first enabled, xp_cmdshell has the same security context
as the SQL Server service account. The SQL Server service account is often more privileged tha
n necessary for the work being performed by the process created by xp_cmdshell. As such, malic
ious users can attempt to elevate their privileges by using xp_cmdshell. See https://docs.micr
osoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/xp-cmdshell-transact-sql for
more information on xp_cmdshell.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT dpr.name AS [Principal] FROM sys.database_permissions AS dp JOIN
sys.database_principals AS dpr ON dp.grantee_principal_id = dpr.principal_id WHERE
major_id = OBJECT_ID('xp_cmdshell') AND dp.[type] = 'EX' AND [state] IN ( 'G'
,'W' )
Column Names:
Expected Results:
{}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/micr
osoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeas
t.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332
/sqlServers/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAsses
sments/default/scans/7db278d4-4629-4f75-ae0b-9c0e3d3b0816/scanResults/VA1017
Name : VA1017
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults
...示例 3：从SQL 数据库上的最新扫描获取特定规则的结果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -WorkspaceResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace -ComputerName ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com -AgentId 49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2 -VmUuid 4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master -RuleId "VA2108"
RuleId : VA2108
Status : Finding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {dbo db_owner SQL_USER}
Remediation : {
Remove members who should not have access to the database role
IsAutomated: True
Portal Link:
Script:
ALTER ROLE [db_owner] DROP MEMBER [dbo]
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {
Status: Finding
Results not in baseline:
{dbo, db_owner, SQL_USER}
Results only in baseline:
{dbo, db_owner1, SQL_USER}
Baseline:
{
Update Time: 3/24/2021 3:59:39 PM
Expected Results:
{dbo, db_owner1, SQL_USER}}
}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA2108
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: BaselineExpected
Title: Minimal set of principals should be members of fixed high impact database roles
Description: SQL Server provides roles to help manage the permissions. Roles are security principals that group other principals. Database-level roles are database-wide in their permission scope. This rule checks that a minimal set of principals are members of the fixed database roles.
Rationale: Fixed database roles may have administrative permissions on the system. Following the principle of least privilege, it is important to minimize membership in fixed database roles and keep a baseline of these memberships. See
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/security/authentication-access/database-level-roles for additional information on database roles.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT user_name(sr.member_principal_id) as [Principal] ,user_name(sr.role_principal_id) as [Role] ,type_desc as [Principal Type] FROM sys.database_role_members AS sr INNER JOIN sys.database_principals sp ON sp.principal_id = sr.member_principal_id WHERE sr.role_principal_id IN
(user_id('bulkadmin'), user_id('db_accessadmin'), user_id('db_securityadmin'), user_id('db_ddladmin'), user_id('db_backupoperator'),
user_id('db_owner'))
Column Names:
Principal, Role, Principal Type
Expected Results:
{}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332/sqlServe
rs/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/default/scans/bdbdf860-5d58-464b-ad9a-0125af63c162/scanResults/VA2108
Name : VA2108
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults使用本地参数的示例。 未指定扫描 ID，因此会获取最新结果。
示例 4：在 SQL 数据库 上使用扫描 ID 参数获取特定规则的结果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -ResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onPremiseMachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master -ScanId 5cded390-68c4-4f5b-9ce6-b8a7a12b288b -RuleId "VA2108"
RuleId : VA2108
Status : Finding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {dbo db_owner SQL_USER}
Remediation : {
Remove members who should not have access to the database role
IsAutomated: True
Portal Link:
Script:
ALTER ROLE [db_owner] DROP MEMBER [dbo]
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {
Status: NonFinding
Results not in baseline:{}
Results only in baseline:{}
Baseline:
{
Update Time: 12/20/2020 3:33:31 PM
Expected Results:
{dbo, db_owner, SQL_USER}
}
}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA2108
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: BaselineExpected
Title: Minimal set of principals should be members of fixed high impact database roles
Description: SQL Server provides roles to help manage the permissions. Roles are security
principals that group other principals. Database-level roles are database-wide in their
permission scope. This rule checks that a minimal set of principals are members of the fixed
database roles.
Rationale: Fixed database roles may have administrative permissions on the system.
Following the principle of least privilege, it is important to minimize membership in fixed
database roles and keep a baseline of these memberships. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/
sql/relational-databases/security/authentication-access/database-level-roles for additional
information on database roles.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT user_name(sr.member_principal_id) as [Principal] ,user_name(sr.role_principal_id)
as [Role] ,type_desc as [Principal Type] FROM sys.database_role_members AS sr INNER JOIN
sys.database_principals sp ON sp.principal_id = sr.member_principal_id WHERE
sr.role_principal_id IN (user_id('bulkadmin'),
user_id('db_accessadmin'), user_id('db_securityadmin'),
user_id('db_ddladmin'),
user_id('db_backupoperator'), user_id('db_owner'))
Column Names:
Principal, Role, Principal Type
Expected Results:
{}
}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/micr
osoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeas
t.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332
/sqlServers/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAsses
sments/default/scans/5cded390-68c4-4f5b-9ce6-b8a7a12b288b/scanResults/VA2108
Name : VA2108
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults使用资源 ID 参数集的示例。 支持的资源包括：
- ARC：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.HybridCompute/machines/{machineName}
- VM：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/{machineName}
- 本地：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/{workspaceName}/onPremiseMachines/{machineName}
参数
-AgentId
代理 ID - 本地参数
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-ComputerName
计算机全名 - 本地参数
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-Database
数据库名称
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-DefaultProfile
用于与 Azure 通信的凭据、帐户、租户和订阅。
| Type: | IAzureContextContainer |
| Aliases: | AzContext, AzureRmContext, AzureCredential |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-ResourceId
要调用其上的命令的安全资源的 ID。
支持的资源包括：
- ARC：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.HybridCompute/machines/{machineName}
- VM：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/{machineName}
- 本地：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/{workspaceName}/onPremiseMachines/{machineName}
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-RuleId
漏洞评估规则 ID
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-ScanId
漏洞评估扫描 ID - 使用 scanId = “latest” 获取最新结果
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-Server
服务器名称
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-VmUuid
虚拟机通用唯一标识符 - 本地参数
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-WorkspaceId
工作区 ID。
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-WorkspaceResourceId
工作区资源 ID - 本地参数
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
输入
None