Environment 类
提供有关当前环境和平台的信息以及操作它们的方法。无法继承此类。
**命名空间:**System
**程序集:**mscorlib（在 mscorlib.dll 中）
语法
声明
<ComVisibleAttribute(True)> _
Public NotInheritable Class Environment
用法
可对静态类的成员直接进行访问，无需类的实例。
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public static class Environment
[ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public ref class Environment abstract sealed
/** @attribute ComVisibleAttribute(true) */
public final class Environment
ComVisibleAttribute(true)
public final class Environment
备注
使用 Environment 类可检索信息，如命令行参数、退出代码、环境变量设置、调用堆栈的内容、自上次系统启动以来的时间，以及公共语言运行库的版本。
示例
' Sample for Environment class summary
Imports System
Imports System.Collections
Class Sample
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim str As [String]
Dim nl As [String] = Environment.NewLine
'
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --")
' Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine)
Dim arguments As [String]() = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", [String].Join(", ", arguments))
' <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory)
Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode)
Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted)
' <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName)
Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0} first line{0} second line{0}" & _
" third line", Environment.NewLine)
Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString())
Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace)
' <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory)
Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount)
' <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName)
Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive)
' <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName)
Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString())
Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet)
' No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.
' <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Dim query As [String] = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my" & _
" system root is %SystemRoot%"
str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query)
Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str)
Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0} My temporary directory is {1}.", _
nl, Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"))
Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ")
Dim environmentVariables As IDictionary = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()
Dim de As DictionaryEntry
For Each de In environmentVariables
Console.WriteLine(" {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value)
Next de
Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", _
Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System))
Dim drives As [String]() = Environment.GetLogicalDrives()
Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", [String].Join(", ", drives))
End Sub 'Main
End Class 'Sample
'
'This example produces results similar to the following:
'(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
'secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
'
'C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'
'-- Environment members --
'CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
'CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
'ExitCode: 0
'HasShutdownStarted: False
'MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
'NewLine:
' first line
' second line
' third line
'OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
'StackTrace: ' at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
' at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
' at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
' at Sample.Main()'
'SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
'TickCount: 17995355
'UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
'UserInteractive: True
'UserName: !---OMITTED---!
'Version: !---OMITTED---!
'WorkingSet: 5038080
'ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
' My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
'GetEnvironmentVariable:
' My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
'GetEnvironmentVariables:
' !---OMITTED---!
'GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
'GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
'
// Sample for Environment class summary
using System;
using System.Collections;
class Sample
{
public static void Main()
{
String str;
String nl = Environment.NewLine;
//
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --");
// Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine);
String[] arguments = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String.Join(", ", arguments));
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory);
Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode);
Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted);
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName);
Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0} first line{0} second line{0} third line",
Environment.NewLine);
Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace);
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory);
Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount);
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName);
Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive);
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName);
Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet);
// No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
String query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str);
Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0} My temporary directory is {1}.", nl,
Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"));
Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ");
IDictionary environmentVariables = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
foreach (DictionaryEntry de in environmentVariables)
{
Console.WriteLine(" {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value);
}
Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}",
Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System));
String[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String.Join(", ", drives));
}
}
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
first line
second line
third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: ' at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
at Sample.Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
!---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
*/
// Sample for Environment class summary
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
int main()
{
String^ str;
String^ nl = Environment::NewLine;
//
Console::WriteLine();
Console::WriteLine( "-- Environment members --" );
// Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
Console::WriteLine( "CommandLine: {0}", Environment::CommandLine );
array<String^>^arguments = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
Console::WriteLine( "GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String::Join( ", ", arguments ) );
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console::WriteLine( "CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment::CurrentDirectory );
Console::WriteLine( "ExitCode: {0}", Environment::ExitCode );
Console::WriteLine( "HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment::HasShutdownStarted );
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console::WriteLine( "MachineName: {0}", Environment::MachineName );
Console::WriteLine( "NewLine: {0} first line {0} second line {0} third line", Environment::NewLine );
Console::WriteLine( "OSVersion: {0}", Environment::OSVersion );
Console::WriteLine( "StackTrace: ' {0}'", Environment::StackTrace );
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console::WriteLine( "SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment::SystemDirectory );
Console::WriteLine( "TickCount: {0}", Environment::TickCount );
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console::WriteLine( "UserDomainName: {0}", Environment::UserDomainName );
Console::WriteLine( "UserInteractive: {0}", Environment::UserInteractive );
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console::WriteLine( "UserName: {0}", Environment::UserName );
Console::WriteLine( "Version: {0}", Environment::Version );
Console::WriteLine( "WorkingSet: {0}", Environment::WorkingSet );
// No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
String^ query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
str = Environment::ExpandEnvironmentVariables( query );
Console::WriteLine( "ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str );
Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariable: {0} My temporary directory is {1}.", nl, Environment::GetEnvironmentVariable( "TEMP" ) );
Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariables: " );
IDictionary^ environmentVariables = Environment::GetEnvironmentVariables();
IEnumerator^ myEnum = environmentVariables->GetEnumerator();
while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
{
DictionaryEntry^ de = safe_cast<DictionaryEntry^>(myEnum->Current);
Console::WriteLine( " {0} = {1}", de->Key, de->Value );
}
Console::WriteLine( "GetFolderPath: {0}", Environment::GetFolderPath( Environment::SpecialFolder::System ) );
array<String^>^drives = Environment::GetLogicalDrives();
Console::WriteLine( "GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String::Join( ", ", drives ) );
}
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
secure has been omitted and marked S"!---OMITTED---!".)
C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
first line
second line
third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: ' at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
at System::Environment::get_StackTrace()
at Sample::Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
!---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
*/
// Sample for Environment class summary
import System.*;
import System.Collections.*;
class Sample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String str;
String nl = Environment.get_NewLine();
//
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --");
// Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.get_CommandLine());
String arguments[] = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}",
String.Join(", ", arguments));
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}",
Environment.get_CurrentDirectory());
Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", (Int32)Environment.get_ExitCode());
Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}",
(System.Boolean)Environment.get_HasShutdownStarted());
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.get_MachineName());
Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0} first line{0} second line{0} "
+ "third line", Environment.get_NewLine());
Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.get_OSVersion().
ToString());
Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.get_StackTrace());
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.
get_SystemDirectory());
Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", (Int32)Environment.
get_TickCount());
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}",
Environment.get_UserDomainName());
Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}",
(System.Boolean)Environment.get_UserInteractive());
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.get_UserName());
Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.get_Version().
ToString());
Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}",
System.Convert.ToString(Environment.get_WorkingSet()));
// No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate
// this example.
// <-- Keep this information secure! -->
String query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system "
+ "root is %SystemRoot%";
str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str);
Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0} My temporary "
+ "directory is {1}.", nl, Environment.
GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"));
Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ");
IDictionary environmentVariables = Environment.
GetEnvironmentVariables();
DictionaryEntry de;
IEnumerator enumObj = environmentVariables.GetEnumerator();
while (enumObj.MoveNext()) {
de = (DictionaryEntry)enumObj.get_Current();
Console.WriteLine(" {0} = {1}", de.get_Key(), de.get_Value());
}
Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}",
Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System));
String drives[] = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}",
String.Join(", ", drives));
} //main
} //Sample
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
first line
second line
third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: ' at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
at Sample.Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
!---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
*/
继承层次结构
System.Object
System.Environment
线程安全
此类型的任何公共静态（Visual Basic 中的 Shared）成员都是线程安全的，但不保证所有实例成员都是线程安全的。
平台
Windows 98、Windows 2000 SP4、Windows CE、Windows Millennium Edition、Windows Mobile for Pocket PC、Windows Mobile for Smartphone、Windows Server 2003、Windows XP Media Center Edition、Windows XP Professional x64 Edition、Windows XP SP2、Windows XP Starter Edition
.NET Framework 并不是对每个平台的所有版本都提供支持。有关受支持版本的列表，请参见系统要求。
版本信息
.NET Framework
受以下版本支持：2.0、1.1、1.0
.NET Compact Framework
受以下版本支持：2.0、1.0