示例：Windows 8 桌面现代 OData 应用程序

项目
03/04/2017

发布日期： 2017年1月

适用于： Dynamics 365 (online),Dynamics 365 (on-premises),Dynamics CRM 2016,Dynamics CRM Online

此示例代码适用于 Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2015 和 Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online 2015 更新。在下载包的以下位置可以找到该代码：

SampleCode\CS\ModernAndMobileApps\ModernOdataApp

要求

此示例要求 Microsoft.Preview.WindowsAzure.ActiveDirectory.Authentication 和 Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory NuGet 包。当您加载项目解决方案的时候，会自动下载并安装这些数据包。

有关运行此 SDK 中提供的示例代码的要求的详细信息，请参阅使用示例和帮助程序代码。

演示

示例应用程序的平铺用户界面

此示例说明了在不链接到 SDK 程序集的情况下，如何编写可以向组织 Web 服务发送请求的 Windows 8.1 桌面现代应用程序。此示例使用的是 Microsoft Azure Active Directory 身份验证库 (ADAL) 和 OData 协议：

尽管主应用程序页面显示了七个磁贴，只有账户和任务磁贴连接到事件处理程序代码。其他磁贴仅仅是占位符。

示例代码针对使用 Microsoft Dynamics 365 (online) 服务器和虚拟组织配置，但也可用于 IFD 服务器。

完整示例的主要部分的代码段将在本主题的后面部分显示。

示例

以下代码段显示的是如何使用组织 Web 服务对用户进行验证。


using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Windows.UI.Popups;
using Windows.Security.Authentication.Web;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;

namespace ModernOdataApp
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Manages authentication with the organization web service.
    /// </summary>
    public static class CurrentEnvironment
    {
        # region Class Level Members

        private static AuthenticationContext _authenticationContext;

        // TODO Set these string values as approppriate for your app registration and organization.
        // For more information, see the SDK topic "Walkthrough: Register an app with Active Directory".
        private const string _clientID = "893262be-fbdc-4556-9325-9f863b69495b";
        public const string CrmServiceUrl = "https://my-domain.crm.dynamics.com/";

        # endregion

        // <summary>
        /// Perform any required app initialization.
        /// This is where authentication with Active Directory is performed.
        public static async Task<string> Initialize()
        {
            Uri serviceUrl = new System.Uri(CrmServiceUrl + "/XRMServices/2011/Organization.svc/web?SdkClientVersion=6.1.0000.0000");

            // Dyamics CRM Online OAuth URL.
            string _oauthUrl = DiscoveryAuthority(serviceUrl);

            // Obtain the redirect URL for the app. This is only needed for app registration.
            Uri redirectUri = WebAuthenticationBroker.GetCurrentApplicationCallbackUri();

            // Obtain an authentication token to access the web service. 
            _authenticationContext = new AuthenticationContext(_oauthUrl, false);
            AuthenticationResult result = await _authenticationContext.AcquireTokenAsync(CrmServiceUrl, _clientID, redirectUri);

            // Verify that an access token was successfully acquired.
            if (result.Status != AuthenticationStatus.Success)
            {
                if (result.Error == "authentication_failed")
                {
                    // Try again.
                    _authenticationContext = new AuthenticationContext(_oauthUrl, false);
                    result = await _authenticationContext.AcquireTokenAsync(CrmServiceUrl, _clientID, redirectUri);
                }
                else
                {
                    DisplayErrorWhenAcquireTokenFails(result);
                }
            }
            return result.AccessToken;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Discover the authentication authority.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceUrl">The URL of the organization's SOAP endpoint. </param>
        /// <returns>The authority URL.</returns>
        /// <remarks>The service URL must contain the SdkClient property.</remarks>
        /// <example>https://contoso.crm.dynamics.com/XRMServices/2011/Organization.svc/web?SdkClientVersion=6.1.0.533;</example>
        public static string DiscoveryAuthority(Uri serviceUrl)
        {
            // Use AuthenticationParameters to send a request to the organization's endpoint and
            // receive tenant information in the 401 challenge. 
            Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.AuthenticationParameters parameters = null;
            HttpWebResponse response = null;
            try
            {
                // Create a web request where the authorization header contains the word "Bearer".
                HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(serviceUrl);

                // The response is to be encoded.
                httpWebRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
                response = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
            }

            catch (WebException ex)
            {
                response = (HttpWebResponse)ex.Response;

                // A 401 error should be returned. Extract any parameters from the response.
                // The response should contain an authorization_uri parameter.
                parameters = Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory.AuthenticationParameters.
                    CreateFromResponseAuthenticateHeader((response.Headers)["WWW-Authenticate"]);
            }
            finally
            {
                if (response != null)
                    response.Dispose();
            }
            // Return the authority URL.
            return parameters.Authority;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a response from an Internet resource. 
        /// </summary>       
        public static WebResponse GetResponse(this WebRequest request)
        {
            AutoResetEvent autoResetEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);
            IAsyncResult asyncResult = request.BeginGetResponse(r => autoResetEvent.Set(), null);

            // Wait until the call is finished
            autoResetEvent.WaitOne(DefaultRequestTimeout);
            return request.EndGetResponse(asyncResult);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the DefaultRequestTimeout from the server.
        /// </summary>
        public static TimeSpan DefaultRequestTimeout { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Display an error message to the user.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="result">The authentication result returned from AcquireTokenAsync().</param>
        private static async void DisplayErrorWhenAcquireTokenFails(AuthenticationResult result)
        {
            MessageDialog dialog;

            switch (result.Error)
            {
                case "authentication_canceled":
                    // User cancelled, so no need to display a message.
                    break;
                case "temporarily_unavailable":
                case "server_error":
                    dialog = new MessageDialog("Please retry the operation. If the error continues, please contact your administrator.",
                        "Sorry, an error has occurred.");
                    await dialog.ShowAsync();
                    break;
                default:
                    // An error occurred when acquiring a token so show the error description in a MessageDialog.
                    dialog = new MessageDialog(string.Format(
                        "If the error continues, please contact your administrator.\n\nError: {0}\n\nError Description:\n\n{1}",
                        result.Error, result.ErrorDescription), "Sorry, an error has occurred.");
                    await dialog.ShowAsync();
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

若要运行此代码，您必须首先使用支持的身份提供商（AD FS 或 Microsoft Azure Active Directory）注册应用程序。然后，您必须在代码中为 _clientID 和 CrmServiceUrl 设置变量值。客户端的 ID 值是在应用程序注册期间定义的。详细信息：演练：使用 Active Directory 注册 Dynamics 365 应用程序

示例

下列代码段演示的是如何在 HTTP 请求中使用 OData 协议代码检索组织 Web 服务中的实体记录。身份验证访问令牌在授权标题中。


using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ModernOdataApp
{
    public static class HttpRequestBuilder
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Retrieve entity record data from the organization web service. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="accessToken">The web service authentication access token.</param>
        /// <param name="Columns">The entity attributes to retrieve.</param>
        /// <param name="entity">The target entity for which the data should be retreived.</param>
        /// <returns>Response from the web service.</returns>
        /// <remarks>Builds an OData HTTP request using passed parameters and sends the request to the server.</remarks>
        public static async Task<string> Retrieve(string accessToken, string[] Columns, string entity)
        {
            // Build a list of entity attributes to retrieve as a string.
            string columnsSet = "";
            foreach (string Column in Columns)
            {
                columnsSet += "," + Column;
            }

            // The URL for the OData organization web service.
            string url = CurrentEnvironment.CrmServiceUrl + "/XRMServices/2011/OrganizationData.svc/" + entity + "?$select=" + columnsSet.Remove(0, 1) + "";

            // Build and send the HTTP request.
            HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
            httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", accessToken);
            HttpRequestMessage req = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, url);
            req.Method = HttpMethod.Get;

            // Wait for the web service response.
            HttpResponseMessage response;
            response = await httpClient.SendAsync(req);
            var responseBodyAsText = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            return responseBodyAsText;
        }
    }
}

另请参阅

编写移动和现代应用程序
 用于 Windows 应用商店的 Azure 身份验证库 (AAL)：深入研究
 使用 Azure AD 获取 Windows 应用商店应用程序和 REST Web 服务
 OData.org

Microsoft Dynamics 365

示例：Windows 8 桌面现代 OData 应用程序

要求

演示

示例

示例

另请参阅

其他资源