创建请求订阅

项目
05/24/2017

本主题介绍如何使用 SQL Server Management Studio、Transact-SQL 或复制管理对象 (RMO) 在 SQL Server 2014 中创建请求订阅。

可以通过脚本设置 P2P 复制的请求订阅，但是不能通过向导这样做。

使用 SQL Server Management Studio

使用新建订阅向导在发布服务器或订阅服务器中创建请求订阅。按照向导中的页的指示执行下列操作：

指定发布服务器和发布。
选择运行复制代理的位置。对于请求订阅，根据发布类型的不同，请在 “分发代理位置” 页或 “合并代理位置” 页上选择 “在其订阅服务器上运行每个代理(请求订阅)” 。
指定订阅服务器和订阅数据库。
指定复制代理建立连接所用的登录名和密码：
- 对于快照发布和事务发布的订阅，在 “分发代理安全性” 页上指定凭据。
- 对于合并发布的订阅，在 “合并代理安全性” 页上指定凭据。
有关每个代理所需权限的信息，请参阅 R复制代理安全模式。
指定同步计划和初始化订阅服务器的时间。
指定合并发布的其他选项：订阅类型；参数化筛选值；如果发布启用了 Web 同步，则还需指定要通过 HTTPS 同步的信息。
指定允许更新订阅的事务发布的其他选项：订阅服务器是立即在发布服务器上提交更改还是将它们写入队列、用于从订阅服务器连接到发布服务器的凭据。
还可以编写订阅的脚本（可选）。

从发布服务器创建请求订阅

在 Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 中连接到发布服务器，然后展开服务器节点。
展开 “复制” 文件夹，再展开 “本地发布” 文件夹。
右键单击要为其创建一个或多个订阅的发布，然后单击 “新建订阅” 。
完成新建订阅向导中的页。

从订阅服务器创建请求订阅

在 SQL Server Management Studio中连接到订阅服务器，然后展开服务器节点。
展开 “复制” 文件夹。
右键单击 “本地订阅” 文件夹，再单击 “新建订阅” 。
在“新建订阅向导”的“发布”页上，从“发布服务器>”下拉列表中选择“查找SQL Server发布服务器”或“<查找 Oracle >发布<服务器”。
在 “连接到服务器” 对话框中连接到发布服务器。
在 “发布” 页上，选择一个发布。
完成新建订阅向导中的页。

“使用 Transact-SQL”

可以使用复制存储过程以编程方式创建请求订阅。所用的存储过程取决于订阅所属的发布的类型。

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

在发布服务器上，通过执行 sp_helppublication (Transact-SQL) 来验证发布是否支持请求订阅。
- 如果结果集中 allow_pull 的值为 1，则发布支持请求订阅。
- 如果 allow_pull 的值为 0，请执行 sp_changepublication (Transact-SQL) ，为 @property 指定allow_pull，true为 @value 指定。
在订阅服务器上， sp_addpullsubscription (执行 Transact-SQL) 。指定 @publisher 和 @publication。有关更新订阅的信息，请参阅创建事务发布的可更新订阅。
在订阅服务器上， sp_addpullsubscription_agent (执行 Transact-SQL) 。指定下列各项：
- @publisher、@publisher_db 和 @publication 参数。
- 订阅服务器上的分发代理用于@job_login和@job_password的 Microsoft Windows 凭据。
  
  注意
  
  使用 Windows 集成身份验证建立的连接始终使用 @job_login 和 @job_password指定的 Windows 凭据。分发代理始终使用 Windows 集成身份验证与订阅服务器建立本地连接。默认情况下，该代理将使用 Windows 集成身份验证连接到分发服务器。
- (可选) 如果连接到分发服务器时需要使用SQL Server身份验证，@distributor_security_mode的值为 0，microsoft SQL Server@distributor_login和@distributor_password的登录信息。
- 该订阅的分发代理作业计划。有关详细信息，请参阅 Specify Synchronization Schedules。
在发布服务器上，执行 sp_addsubscription (Transact-SQL) 注册请求订阅。指定 @publication、 @subscriber和 @destination_db。为@subscription_type指定 pull 值。

创建合并发布的请求订阅

在发布服务器上，通过执行 sp_helpmergepublication (Transact-SQL) 来验证发布是否支持请求订阅。
- 如果结果集中 allow_pull 的值为 1，则发布支持请求订阅。
- 如果 allow_pull 的值为 0，请执行 sp_changemergepublication (Transact-SQL) ，为 @property 指定allow_pull，true为 @value 指定。
在订阅服务器上， sp_addmergepullsubscription (执行 Transact-SQL) 。指定 @publisher、 @publisher_db、 @publication和以下参数：
- @subscriber_type - 为客户端订阅指定 local ，为服务器订阅指定全局。
- @subscription_priority - 将订阅的优先级指定为 (0.00 到 99.99) 。只有服务器订阅要求指定优先级。
  
  有关详细信息，请参阅高级合并复制冲突的检测和解决。
在订阅服务器上， sp_addmergepullsubscription_agent (执行 Transact-SQL) 。指定下列参数：
- @publisher、 @publisher_db和 @publication。
- 订阅服务器上的合并代理用于@job_login和@job_password的 Windows 凭据。
  
  注意
  
  使用 Windows 集成身份验证建立的连接始终使用 @job_login 和 @job_password指定的 Windows 凭据。合并代理始终使用 Windows 集成身份验证与订阅服务器进行本地连接。默认情况下，该代理将使用 Windows 集成身份验证连接到分发服务器和发布服务器。
- (可选) 如果连接到分发服务器时需要使用SQL Server身份验证，则@distributor_security_mode的值为 0，@distributor_login和@distributor_password的SQL Server登录信息。
- (可选) 如果连接到发布服务器时需要使用SQL Server身份验证，则 @publisher_security_mode 的值为 0，@publisher_login和@publisher_password的SQL Server登录信息。
- 该订阅的合并代理作业计划。有关详细信息，请参阅创建事务发布的可更新订阅。
在发布服务器上， sp_addmergesubscription (执行 Transact-SQL) 。为@subscription_type指定@publication、@subscriber、@subscriber_db和拉取值。这样便可注册请求订阅。

示例 (Transact-SQL)

以下示例创建事务发布的请求订阅。第一个批处理在订阅服务器中执行，第二个批处理在发布服务器中执行。登录名和密码在运行时使用 sqlcmd 脚本变量进行提供。

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables  
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the 
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".

-- Execute this batch at the Subscriber.
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;
DECLARE @publisher AS sysname;
DECLARE @publicationDB AS sysname;
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran';
SET @publisher = $(PubServer);
SET @publicationDB = N'AdventureWorks2012';

-- At the subscription database, create a pull subscription 
-- to a transactional publication.
USE [AdventureWorks2012Replica]
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription 
  @publisher = @publisher, 
  @publication = @publication, 
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB;

-- Add an agent job to synchronize the pull subscription.
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription_agent 
  @publisher = @publisher, 
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB, 
  @publication = @publication, 
  @distributor = @publisher, 
  @job_login = $(Login), 
  @job_password = $(Password);
GO

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables  
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the 
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".

-- Execute this batch at the Publisher.
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;
DECLARE @subscriber AS sysname;
DECLARE @subscriptionDB AS sysname;
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran';
SET @subscriber = $(SubServer);
SET @subscriptionDB = N'AdventureWorks2012Replica';

-- At the Publisher, register the subscription, using the defaults.
EXEC sp_addsubscription 
  @publication = @publication, 
  @subscriber = @subscriber, 
  @destination_db = @subscriptionDB, 
  @subscription_type = N'pull',
  @status = N'subscribed';
GO

以下示例创建合并发布的请求订阅。第一个批处理在订阅服务器中执行，第二个批处理在发布服务器中执行。在运行时使用 sqlcmd 脚本变量提供登录名和密码值。


-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables  
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the 
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".

-- Execute this batch at the Subscriber.
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;
DECLARE @publisher AS sysname;
DECLARE @publicationDB AS sysname;
DECLARE @hostname AS sysname;
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge';
SET @publisher = $(PubServer);
SET @publicationDB = N'AdventureWorks2012';
SET @hostname = N'adventure-works\david8';

-- At the subscription database, create a pull subscription 
-- to a merge publication.
USE [AdventureWorks2012Replica]
EXEC sp_addmergepullsubscription 
  @publisher = @publisher, 
  @publication = @publication, 
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB;

-- Add an agent job to synchronize the pull subscription. 
EXEC sp_addmergepullsubscription_agent 
  @publisher = @publisher, 
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB, 
  @publication = @publication, 
  @distributor = @publisher, 
  @job_login = $(Login), 
  @job_password = $(Password),
  @hostname = @hostname;
GO

-- Execute this batch at the Publisher.
DECLARE @myMergePub  AS sysname;
DECLARE @mySub       AS sysname;
DECLARE @mySubDB     AS sysname;

SET @myMergePub = N'AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge';
SET @mySub = N'MYSUBSERVER';
SET @mySubDB = N'AdventureWorks2012Replica';

-- At the Publisher, register the subscription, using the defaults.
USE [AdventureWorks2012]
EXEC sp_addmergesubscription @publication = @myMergePub, 
@subscriber = @mySub, @subscriber_db = @mySubDB, 
@subscription_type = N'pull';
GO

使用复制管理对象 (RMO)

用于创建请求订阅的 RMO 类取决于订阅所属的发布的类型。

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

使用 ServerConnection 类创建与订阅服务器和发布服务器的连接。
使用步骤 1 中的发布服务器连接，创建 TransPublication 类的实例。指定 Name、 DatabaseName 和 ConnectionContext。
调用 LoadProperties 方法。如果该方法返回 false，则表示步骤 2 中指定的属性不正确，或者服务器中不存在发布。
在 Attributes 属性和 AllowPull 之间执行逻辑位与（在 Visual C# 中为 &，在 Visual Basic 中为 And）运算。如果结果为 None，则将 Attributes 设置为 Attributes 和 AllowPull 之间的逻辑位或（在 Visual C# 中为 |，在 Visual Basic 为 Or）的结果。然后，调用 CommitPropertyChanges 以启用请求订阅。
如果订阅数据库不存在，则使用 Database 类创建该数据库。有关详细信息，请参阅创建、更改和删除数据库。
创建的 TransPullSubscription 类的实例。
设置下列订阅属性：
- 在步骤 1 中为 ServerConnection 创建的订阅服务器的 ConnectionContext。
- 用于 DatabaseName的订阅数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublisherName的发布服务器的名称。
- 用于 PublicationDBName的发布数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublicationName的发布的名称。
- Login的和 Password 或 SecurePassword* 字段SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity，用于提供在订阅服务器上运行分发代理所依据的 Microsoft Windows 帐户的凭据。该帐户用于与订阅服务器进行本地连接，同时还用于使用 Windows 身份验证进行远程连接。
  
  注意
  
  当 sysadmin 固定服务器角色的成员创建订阅时，不需要设置 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity，尽管建议这样做。在这种情况下，代理会模拟 SQL Server Agent 帐户。有关详细信息，请参阅复制代理安全模式。
- （可选）CreateSyncAgentByDefault 的 true 值，用于创建用来同步订阅的代理作业。如果您指定了 false（默认值），则只能以编程的方式同步订阅，如果您通过 TransSynchronizationAgent 属性访问该对象，则必须指定 SynchronizationAgent 的其他属性。有关详细信息，请参阅 Synchronize a Pull Subscription。
  
  注意
  
  并不是所有版本的 MicrosoftSQL Server 都提供 SQL Server 代理。有关 SQL Server 各版本支持的功能列表，请参阅 SQL Server 2014 版本支持的功能。当您将 Express Edition 订阅服务器的值指定为 true 时，便不会创建代理作业。但是，与订阅相关的重要元数据存储在订阅服务器中。
- （可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到分发服务器时设置 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword 或 DistributorSecurity 字段。
调用 Create 方法。
使用步骤 2 中的 TransPublication 类的实例调用 MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown 方法以向发布服务器注册请求订阅。如果此注册已经存在，则会发生异常。

创建合并发布的请求订阅

使用 ServerConnection 类创建与订阅服务器和发布服务器的连接。
使用步骤 1 中的发布服务器连接，创建 MergePublication 类的实例。指定 Name、 DatabaseName和 ConnectionContext。
调用 LoadProperties 方法。如果该方法返回 false，则表示步骤 2 中指定的属性不正确，或者服务器中不存在发布。
在 Attributes 属性和 AllowPull 之间执行逻辑位与（在 Visual C# 中为 &，在 Visual Basic 中为 And）运算。如果结果为 None，则将 Attributes 设置为 Attributes 和 AllowPull 之间的逻辑位或（在 Visual C# 中为 |，在 Visual Basic 为 Or）的结果。然后，调用 CommitPropertyChanges 以启用请求订阅。
如果订阅数据库不存在，则使用 Database 类创建该数据库。有关详细信息，请参阅创建、更改和删除数据库。
创建的 MergePullSubscription 类的实例。
设置下列订阅属性：
- 在步骤 1 中为 ServerConnection 创建的订阅服务器的 ConnectionContext。
- 用于 DatabaseName的订阅数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublisherName的发布服务器的名称。
- 用于 PublicationDBName的发布数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublicationName的发布的名称。
- 的 Login 和 Password 或 SecurePassword* 字段SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity，用于提供在订阅服务器上运行合并代理所依据的 Microsoft Windows 帐户的凭据。该帐户用于与订阅服务器进行本地连接，同时还用于使用 Windows 身份验证进行远程连接。
  
  注意
  
  当 sysadmin 固定服务器角色的成员创建订阅时，不需要设置 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity，尽管建议这样做。在这种情况下，代理会模拟 SQL Server Agent 帐户。有关详细信息，请参阅复制代理安全模式。
- （可选）CreateSyncAgentByDefault 的 true 值，用于创建用来同步订阅的代理作业。如果您指定了 false（默认值），则只能以编程的方式同步订阅，如果您通过 MergeSynchronizationAgent 属性访问该对象，则必须指定 SynchronizationAgent 的其他属性。有关详细信息，请参阅 Synchronize a Pull Subscription。
- （可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到分发服务器时设置 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword 或 DistributorSecurity 字段。
- （可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到发布服务器时设置 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword 或 PublisherSecurity 字段。
调用 Create 方法。
使用步骤 2 中的 MergePublication 类的实例调用 MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown 方法以向发布服务器注册请求订阅。如果此注册已经存在，则会发生异常。

示例 (RMO)

该示例创建事务发布的请求订阅。用于创建分发代理作业的 Microsoft Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
string publicationName = "AdvWorksProductTran";
string publisherName = publisherInstance;
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorks2012Replica";
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks2012";

//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);

// Create the objects that we need.
TransPublication publication;
TransPullSubscription subscription;

try
{
    // Connect to the Publisher and Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect();
    publisherConn.Connect();

    // Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    // it supports pull subscriptions.
    publication = new TransPublication();
    publication.Name = publicationName;
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;

    if (publication.IsExistingObject)
    {
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)
        {
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;
        }

        // Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = new TransPullSubscription();
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;

        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;

        // Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;

        // By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized 
        // continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand;

        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create();

        Boolean registered = false;

        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        foreach (TransSubscription existing
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())
        {
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName)
            {
                registered = true;
            }
        }
        if (!registered)
        {
            // Register the subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,
                TransSubscriberType.ReadOnly);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",
            publicationName, publisherName));
    }
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);
}
finally
{
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();
    publisherConn.Disconnect();
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksProductTran"
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012Replica"
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012"

'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)

' Create the objects that we need.
Dim publication As TransPublication
Dim subscription As TransPullSubscription

Try
    ' Connect to the Publisher and Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect()
    publisherConn.Connect()

    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.
    publication = New TransPublication()
    publication.Name = publicationName
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn

    If publication.IsExistingObject Then
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull
        End If

        ' Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = New TransPullSubscription()
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName
        subscription.Description = "Pull subscription to " + publicationDbName _
        + " on " + subscriberName + "."

        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword

        ' Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True

        ' By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized 
        ' continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand

        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create()

        Dim registered As Boolean = False

        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        For Each existing As TransSubscription In publication.EnumSubscriptions()
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName And _
                existing.SubscriptionDBName = subscriptionDbName Then
                registered = True
            End If
        Next existing
        If Not registered Then
            ' Register the subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _
             TransSubscriberType.ReadOnly)
        End If
    Else
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _
         publicationName, publisherName))
    End If
Catch ex As Exception
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)
Finally
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()
    publisherConn.Disconnect()
End Try

该示例创建合并发布的请求订阅。用于创建合并代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";
string publisherName = publisherInstance;
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorks2012Replica";
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks2012";
string hostname = @"adventure-works\garrett1";

//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);

// Create the objects that we need.
MergePublication publication;
MergePullSubscription subscription;

try
{
    // Connect to the Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect();

    // Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    // it supports pull subscriptions.
    publication = new MergePublication();
    publication.Name = publicationName;
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;

    if (publication.LoadProperties())
    {
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)
        {
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;
        }

        // Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;
        subscription.HostName = hostname;

        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;

        // Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;

        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create();

        Boolean registered = false;

        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())
        {
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)
            {
                registered = true;
            }
        }
        if (!registered)
        {
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",
            publicationName, publisherName));
    }
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);
}
finally
{
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();
    publisherConn.Disconnect();
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012Replica"
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012"
Dim hostname As String = "adventure-works\garrett1"

'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)

' Create the objects that we need.
Dim publication As MergePublication
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription

Try
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect()

    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.
    publication = New MergePublication()
    publication.Name = publicationName
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn

    If publication.LoadProperties() Then
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull
        End If

        ' Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName
        subscription.HostName = hostname

        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword

        ' Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True

        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create()

        Dim registered As Boolean = False

        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then
                registered = True
            End If
        Next
        If Not registered Then
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)
        End If
    Else
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _
         publicationName, publisherName))
    End If
Catch ex As Exception
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)
Finally
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()
    publisherConn.Disconnect()
End Try

该示例不在 MSsubscription_properties中创建关联的代理作业和订阅元数据，而直接创建合并发布的请求订阅。用于创建合并代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";
string publisherName = publisherInstance;
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorks2012Replica";
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks2012";

//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);

// Create the objects that we need.
MergePublication publication;
MergePullSubscription subscription;

try
{
    // Connect to the Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect();

    // Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    // it supports pull subscriptions.
    publication = new MergePublication();
    publication.Name = publicationName;
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;

    if (publication.LoadProperties())
    {
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)
        {
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;
        }

        // Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;

        // Specify that an agent job not be created for this subscription. The
        // subscription can only be synchronized by running the Merge Agent directly.
        // Subscripition metadata stored in MSsubscription_properties will not
        // be available and must be specified at run time.
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = false;

        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create();

        Boolean registered = false;

        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())
        {
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)
            {
                registered = true;
            }
        }
        if (!registered)
        {
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",
            publicationName, publisherName));
    }
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);
}
finally
{
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();
    publisherConn.Disconnect();
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012Replica"
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012"

'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)

' Create the objects that we need.
Dim publication As MergePublication
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription

Try
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect()

    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.
    publication = New MergePublication()
    publication.Name = publicationName
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn

    If publication.LoadProperties() Then
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull
        End If

        ' Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName

        ' Specify that an agent job not be created for this subscription. The
        ' subscription can only be synchronized by running the Merge Agent directly.
        ' Subscripition metadata stored in MSsubscription_properties will not
        ' be available and must be specified at run time.
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = False

        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create()

        Dim registered As Boolean = False

        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then
                registered = True
            End If
        Next
        If Not registered Then
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)
        End If
    Else
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _
         publicationName, publisherName))
    End If
Catch ex As Exception
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
     "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)
Finally
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()
    publisherConn.Disconnect()
End Try

该示例创建可使用 Web 同步通过 Internet 进行同步的合并发布的请求订阅。用于创建合并代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。有关详细信息，请参阅 Configure Web Synchronization。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";
string publisherName = publisherInstance;
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorks2012Replica";
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks2012";
string hostname = @"adventure-works\garrett1";
string webSyncUrl = "https://" + publisherInstance + "/WebSync/replisapi.dll";

//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);

// Create the objects that we need.
MergePublication publication;
MergePullSubscription subscription;

try
{
    // Connect to the Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect();

    // Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    // it supports pull subscriptions and Web synchronization.
    publication = new MergePublication();
    publication.Name = publicationName;
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;

    if (publication.LoadProperties())
    {
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)
        {
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;
        }
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization) == 0)
        {
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization;
        }

        // Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;
        subscription.HostName = hostname;

        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;

        // Enable Web synchronization.
        subscription.UseWebSynchronization = true;
        subscription.InternetUrl = webSyncUrl;

        // Specify the same Windows credentials to use when connecting to the
        // Web server using HTTPS Basic Authentication.
        subscription.InternetSecurityMode = AuthenticationMethod.BasicAuthentication;
        subscription.InternetLogin = winLogin;
        subscription.InternetPassword = winPassword;

        // Ensure that we create a job for this subscription.
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;

        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create();

        Boolean registered = false;

        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())
        {
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)
            {
                registered = true;
            }
        }
        if (!registered)
        {
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",
            publicationName, publisherName));
    }
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);
}
finally
{
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();
    publisherConn.Disconnect();
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012Replica"
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks2012"
Dim hostname As String = "adventure-works\garrett1"
Dim webSyncUrl As String = "https://" + publisherInstance + "/WebSync/replisapi.dll"

'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)

' Create the objects that we need.
Dim publication As MergePublication
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription

Try
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.
    subscriberConn.Connect()

    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that 
    ' it supports pull subscriptions and Web synchronization.
    publication = New MergePublication()
    publication.Name = publicationName
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn

    If publication.LoadProperties() Then
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull
        End If
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization) = 0 Then
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization
        End If

        ' Define the pull subscription.
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName
        subscription.HostName = hostname
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True

        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword

        ' Enable Web synchronization.
        subscription.UseWebSynchronization = True
        subscription.InternetUrl = webSyncUrl

        ' Specify the same Windows credentials to use when connecting to the
        ' Web server using HTTPS Basic Authentication.
        subscription.InternetSecurityMode = AuthenticationMethod.BasicAuthentication
        subscription.InternetLogin = winLogin
        subscription.InternetPassword = winPassword

        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.
        subscription.Create()

        Dim registered As Boolean = False

        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then
                registered = True
            End If
        Next
        If Not registered Then
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)
        End If
    Else
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _
         publicationName, publisherName))
    End If
Catch ex As Exception
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _
     "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)
Finally
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()
    publisherConn.Disconnect()
End Try

另请参阅

复制管理对象概念
 查看和修改请求订阅属性
 配置 Web 同步
 订阅发布
 复制安全最佳做法

创建请求订阅

使用 SQL Server Management Studio

从发布服务器创建请求订阅

从订阅服务器创建请求订阅

“使用 Transact-SQL”

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

创建合并发布的请求订阅

示例 (Transact-SQL)

使用复制管理对象 (RMO)

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

创建合并发布的请求订阅

示例 (RMO)

另请参阅

其他资源