NetDataContractSerializer 類別
定義
重要
部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。
將某個類型的執行個體序列化及還原序列化成使用所提供 .NET Framework 類型的 XML 資料流或文件。 此類別無法獲得繼承。
public ref class NetDataContractSerializer sealed : System::Runtime::Serialization::XmlObjectSerializer, System::Runtime::Serialization::IFormatterpublic sealed class NetDataContractSerializer : System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializer, System.Runtime.Serialization.IFormattertype NetDataContractSerializer = class
inherit XmlObjectSerializer
interface IFormatterPublic NotInheritable Class NetDataContractSerializer
Inherits XmlObjectSerializer
Implements IFormatter- 繼承
- 實作
範例
下列範例程式碼會示範名為 Person 且已由 NetDataContractSerializer 序列化的型別。 DataContractAttribute 屬性會套用至類別，而 DataMemberAttribute 會套用至成員 (包括私用成員)，以便指示 NetDataContractSerializer 哪些項目需要序列化。
// You must apply a DataContractAttribute or SerializableAttribute
// to a class to have it serialized by the NetDataContractSerializer.
[DataContract(Name = "Customer", Namespace = "http://www.contoso.com")]
class Person : IExtensibleDataObject
{
[DataMember()]
public string FirstName;
[DataMember]
public string LastName;
[DataMember()]
public int ID;
public Person(string newfName, string newLName, int newID)
{
FirstName = newfName;
LastName = newLName;
ID = newID;
}
private ExtensionDataObject extensionData_Value;
public ExtensionDataObject ExtensionData
{
get
{
return extensionData_Value;
}
set
{
extensionData_Value = value;
}
}
}
public sealed class Test
{
private Test() { }
public static void Main()
{
try
{
WriteObject("NetDataContractSerializerExample.xml");
ReadObject("NetDataContractSerializerExample.xml");
}
catch (SerializationException serExc)
{
Console.WriteLine("Serialization Failed");
Console.WriteLine(serExc.Message);
}
catch (Exception exc)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"The serialization operation failed: {0} StackTrace: {1}",
exc.Message, exc.StackTrace);
}
finally
{
Console.WriteLine("Press <Enter> to exit....");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public static void WriteObject(string fileName)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"Creating a Person object and serializing it.");
Person p1 = new Person("Zighetti", "Barbara", 101);
FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
XmlDictionaryWriter writer = XmlDictionaryWriter.CreateTextWriter(fs);
NetDataContractSerializer ser =
new NetDataContractSerializer();
ser.WriteObject(writer, p1);
writer.Close();
}
public static void ReadObject(string fileName)
{
Console.WriteLine("Deserializing an instance of the object.");
FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName,
FileMode.Open);
XmlDictionaryReader reader =
XmlDictionaryReader.CreateTextReader(fs, new XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas());
NetDataContractSerializer ser = new NetDataContractSerializer();
// Deserialize the data and read it from the instance.
Person deserializedPerson =
(Person)ser.ReadObject(reader, true);
fs.Close();
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} {1}, ID: {2}",
deserializedPerson.FirstName, deserializedPerson.LastName,
deserializedPerson.ID));
}
}
' You must apply a DataContractAttribute or SerializableAttribute
' to a class to have it serialized by the NetDataContractSerializer.
<DataContract(Name := "Customer", [Namespace] := "http://www.contoso.com")> _
Class Person
Implements IExtensibleDataObject
<DataMember()> _
Public FirstName As String
<DataMember()> _
Public LastName As String
<DataMember()> _
Public ID As Integer
Public Sub New(ByVal newfName As String, ByVal newLName As String, _
ByVal newID As Integer)
FirstName = newfName
LastName = newLName
ID = newID
End Sub
Private extensionData_Value As ExtensionDataObject
Public Property ExtensionData() As ExtensionDataObject _
Implements IExtensibleDataObject.ExtensionData
Get
Return extensionData_Value
End Get
Set
extensionData_Value = value
End Set
End Property
End Class
NotInheritable Public Class Test
Private Sub New()
End Sub
Public Shared Sub Main()
Try
WriteObject("NetDataContractSerializerExample.xml")
ReadObject("NetDataContractSerializerExample.xml")
Catch serExc As SerializationException
Console.WriteLine("Serialization Failed")
Console.WriteLine(serExc.Message)
Catch exc As Exception
Console.WriteLine("The serialization operation failed: {0} StackTrace: {1}", exc.Message, exc.StackTrace)
Finally
Console.WriteLine("Press <Enter> to exit....")
Console.ReadLine()
End Try
End Sub
Public Shared Sub WriteObject(ByVal fileName As String)
Console.WriteLine("Creating a Person object and serializing it.")
Dim p1 As New Person("Zighetti", "Barbara", 101)
Dim fs As New FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create)
Dim writer As XmlDictionaryWriter = XmlDictionaryWriter.CreateTextWriter(fs)
Dim ser As New System.Runtime.Serialization.NetDataContractSerializer()
ser.WriteObject(writer, p1)
writer.Close()
End Sub
Public Shared Sub ReadObject(ByVal fileName As String)
Console.WriteLine("Deserializing an instance of the object.")
Dim fs As New FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open)
Dim reader As XmlDictionaryReader = _
XmlDictionaryReader.CreateTextReader(fs, New XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas())
Dim ser As New System.Runtime.Serialization.NetDataContractSerializer()
' Deserialize the data and read it from the instance.
Dim deserializedPerson As Person = CType(ser.ReadObject(reader, True), Person)
fs.Close()
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} {1}, ID: {2}", deserializedPerson.FirstName, deserializedPerson.LastName, deserializedPerson.ID))
End Sub
End Class
備註
安全性
NetDataContractSerializer 不安全。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱 BinaryFormatter 安全性指南。
NetDataContractSerializer 與 DataContractSerializer 有一項重要的差異：NetDataContractSerializer 在已序列化的 XML 中包含 CLR 型別資訊，而 DataContractSerializer 則否。 因此，只有當序列化和還原序列化兩端共用相同的 CLR 型別時，才能使用 NetDataContractSerializer。
序列化程式可以將型別序列化至已套用 DataContractAttribute 或 SerializableAttribute 屬性的型別。 它也會序列化實作 ISerializable 的型別。
如需序列化的詳細資訊，請參閱 序列化和還原序列化。
與 XElement 的不相容性
XElement 類別會用於寫入 XML。 然而，NetDataContractSerializer 無法序列化該型別的執行個體。 因此，下列程式碼會失敗，並出現例外狀況：「根類型 'System.Xml。NetDataContractSerializer 在最上層不支援 Linq.XElement'，因為它是 IXmlSerializable， IsAny = true 而且必須寫入其所有內容，包括根項目。」
FileStream fs = new FileStream("mystuff.xml", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
XElement myElement = new XElement("Parent", new XElement("child1", "form"),
new XElement("child2", "base"),
new XElement("child3", "formbase")
);
NetDataContractSerializer dcs = new NetDataContractSerializer();
dcs.WriteObject(fs, myElement);
Dim fs As New FileStream("mystuff.xml", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite)
Dim myElement As New XElement("Parent", New XElement("child1", "form"), _
New XElement("child2", "base"), _
New XElement("child3", "formbase") _
)
Dim ser As New System.Runtime.Serialization. _
NetDataContractSerializer()
ser.WriteObject(fs, myElement)
然而，如果 XElement 是用來做為類別之欄位或屬性的型別，該欄位或屬性所包含的資料就會進行序列化。 這是因為當做為類別的成員時，該資料並不是位於類別的最上層。
建構函式
屬性
| AssemblyFormat |
取得值，這個值會指定用來尋找及載入組件的方法。 |
| Binder |
取得或設定會控制類別載入的物件。 |
| Context |
取得或設定物件，該物件可傳遞對序列化或還原序列化期間有用的內容資料。 |
| IgnoreExtensionDataObject |
取得值，這個值會指定是否略過物件延伸所提供的資料。 |
| MaxItemsInObjectGraph |
取得允許物件中要序列化的最大項目數。 |
| SurrogateSelector |
取得或設定物件，該物件會協助選取用於序列化之代理時的格式器。 |