Tuple<T1,T2> 類別

定義

代表 2-Tuple 或雙重物件。

generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable
generic <typename T1, typename T2>
public ref class Tuple : IComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralComparable, System::Collections::IStructuralEquatable, System::Runtime::CompilerServices::ITuple
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable, System.Runtime.CompilerServices.ITuple
[System.Serializable]
public class Tuple<T1,T2> : IComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralComparable, System.Collections.IStructuralEquatable
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple
[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable
[<System.Serializable>]
type Tuple<'T1, 'T2> = class
    interface IStructuralEquatable
    interface IStructuralComparable
    interface IComparable
    interface ITuple
Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable
Public Class Tuple(Of T1, T2)
Implements IComparable, IStructuralComparable, IStructuralEquatable, ITuple

類型參數

T1

Tuple 第 1 個元件的型別。

T2

Tuple 第 2 個元件的型別。

繼承
Tuple<T1,T2>
屬性
實作

備註

Tuple 是具有特定數目和值序列的資料結構。 類別 Tuple<T1,T2> 代表 2 元組或配對,這是具有兩個元件的 Tuple。 2 元組類似于 KeyValuePair<TKey,TValue> 結構。

您可以呼叫建構函式或靜態 Tuple.Create<T1,T2>(T1, T2) 方法來 Tuple<T1,T2> 具現化 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件。 您可以使用唯讀 Item1Item2 實例屬性來擷取 Tuple 元件的值。

Tuple 通常以四種不同的方式使用:

  • 表示單一資料集。 例如,Tuple 可以代表資料庫中的記錄,而其元件可以代表該記錄的欄位。

  • 若要提供資料集的輕鬆存取和操作。 下列範例會定義 物件的陣列 Tuple<T1,T2> ,其中包含學生名稱及其對應的測試分數。 然後逐一查看陣列以計算平均測試分數。

    using System;
    
    public class Example
    {
       public static void Main()
       {
          Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores = 
                        { new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78),
                          new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92), 
                          new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88),
                          new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91), 
                          new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", null),
                          new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82),
                          new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99),
                          new Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) };
          int number;
          double mean = ComputeMean(scores, out number);
          Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number);
       }
    
       private static double ComputeMean(Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[] scores, out int n) 
       {
          n = 0;      
          int sum = 0;
          foreach (var score in scores)
          {
             if (score.Item2.HasValue)
             { 
                n += 1;
                sum += score.Item2.Value;
             }
          }     
          if (n > 0)
             return sum / (double) n;
          else
             return 0;
       }
    }
    // The example displays the following output:
    //       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)
    
    open System
    
    let scores = 
        [| Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Jack", 78)
           Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Abbey", 92) 
           Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Dave", 88)
           Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Sam", 91) 
           Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Ed", Nullable())
           Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Penelope", 82)
           Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Linda", 99)
           Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>("Judith", 84) |]
    
    let computeMean (scores: Tuple<string, Nullable<int>>[]) (n: int outref) = 
        n <- 0      
        let mutable sum = 0
        for _, score in scores do
            if score.HasValue then
                n <- n + 1
                sum <- sum + score.Value
        if n > 0 then
            double sum / double n
        else
            0
    
    let mutable number = 0
    let mean = computeMean scores &number
    printfn $"Average test score: {mean:N2} (n={number})"
    // The example displays the following output:
    //       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)
    
    Module Example
       Public Sub Main()
          Dim scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)) = 
                          { New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Jack", 78),
                            New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Abbey", 92), 
                            New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Dave", 88),
                            New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Sam", 91), 
                            New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Ed", Nothing),
                            New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Penelope", 82),
                            New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Linda", 99),
                            New Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer))("Judith", 84) }
          Dim number As Integer
          Dim mean As Double = ComputeMean(scores, number)
          Console.WriteLine("Average test score: {0:N2} (n={1})", mean, number)
       End Sub
       
       Private Function ComputeMean(scores() As Tuple(Of String, Nullable(Of Integer)), 
                                    ByRef n As Integer) As Double
          n = 0      
          Dim sum As Integer
          For Each score In scores
             If score.Item2.HasValue Then 
                n += 1
                sum += score.Item2.Value
             End If
          Next     
          If n > 0 Then
             Return sum / n
          Else
             Return 0
          End If             
       End Function
    End Module
    ' The example displays the following output:
    '       Average test score: 87.71 (n=7)
    
  • 若要從方法傳回多個值,而不在 C#) 中使用 out 參數 (,或在 ByRef Visual Basic) 中傳回參數 (。 例如,下列範例會使用 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件傳回整數除法所產生的商數和餘數。

    using System;
    
    public class Class1
    {
       public static void Main()
       {
          int dividend, divisor;
          Tuple<int, int> result;
          
          dividend = 136945; divisor = 178;
          result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
          if (result != null)
             Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                               dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
          else
             Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
                            
          dividend = Int32.MaxValue; divisor = -2073;
          result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor);
          if (result != null)
             Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                               dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2);
          else
             Console.WriteLine(@"{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor);
       }
    
       private static Tuple<int, int> IntegerDivide(int dividend, int divisor)
       {
          try {
             int remainder;
             int quotient = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, out remainder);
             return new Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder);
          }   
          catch (DivideByZeroException) {
             return null;
          }      
       }
    }
    // The example displays the following output:
    //       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
    //       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757
    
    open System
    
    let integerDivide (dividend: int) divisor =
        try
            let quotient, remainder = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor)
            Tuple<int, int>(quotient, remainder)
        with :? DivideByZeroException ->
            Unchecked.defaultof<Tuple<int, int>>
    
    [<EntryPoint>]
    let main _ =
        let dividend = 136945 
        let divisor = 178
        let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
        if box result <> null then
            printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
        else
            printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
                        
        let dividend = Int32.MaxValue 
        let divisor = -2073
        let result = integerDivide dividend divisor
        if box result <> null then
            printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = {result.Item1}, remainder {result.Item2}" 
        else
            printfn $@"{dividend} \ {divisor} = <Error>"
        0
    // The example displays the following output:
    //       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
    //       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757
    
    Module modMain
       Public Sub Main()
          Dim dividend, divisor As Integer
          Dim result As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
          
          dividend = 136945 : divisor = 178
          result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
          If result IsNot Nothing Then
             Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                               dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
          Else
             Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
          End If
                            
          dividend = Int32.MaxValue : divisor = -2073
          result = IntegerDivide(dividend, divisor)
          If result IsNot Nothing Then
             Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = {2}, remainder {3}", 
                               dividend, divisor, result.Item1, result.Item2)
          Else
             Console.WriteLine("{0} \ {1} = <Error>", dividend, divisor)
          End If
       End Sub
       
       Private Function IntegerDivide(dividend As Integer, divisor As Integer) As Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)
          Try
             Dim remainder As Integer
             Dim quotient As Integer = Math.DivRem(dividend, divisor, remainder)
             Return New Tuple(Of Integer, Integer)(quotient, remainder)
          Catch e As DivideByZeroException
             Return Nothing
          End Try      
       End Function
    End Module
    ' The example displays the following output:
    '       136945 \ 178 = 769, remainder 63
    '       2147483647 \ -2073 = -1035930, remainder 757
    
  • 透過單一參數將多個值傳遞至方法。 例如, Thread.Start(Object) 方法具有單一參數,可讓您將一個值提供給執行緒在啟動時執行的方法。 如果您提供 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件做為方法引數,則可以提供執行緒的啟動常式,其中包含兩個專案的資料。

建構函式

Tuple<T1,T2>(T1, T2)

初始化 Tuple<T1,T2> 類別的新執行個體。

屬性

Item1

取得目前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件之第一個元件的值。

Item2

取得目前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件之第二個元件的值。

方法

Equals(Object)

傳回值,這個值表示目前的 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件是否等於指定的物件。

GetHashCode()

傳回目前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件的雜湊碼。

GetType()

取得目前執行個體的 Type

(繼承來源 Object)
MemberwiseClone()

建立目前 Object 的淺層複製。

(繼承來源 Object)
ToString()

傳回字串,表示這個 Tuple<T1,T2> 執行個體的值。

明確介面實作

IComparable.CompareTo(Object)

將目前的 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件與指定的物件比較,並傳回可指出目前物件在排序次序中,是否在指定物件之前、之後或者相同之位置的整數。

IStructuralComparable.CompareTo(Object, IComparer)

使用指定的比較子將目前的 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件和指定的物件進行比較,並且傳回一個整數,表示目前的物件在排序順序中位於指定之物件的前面、後面還是相的位置。

IStructuralEquatable.Equals(Object, IEqualityComparer)

傳回值,這個值表示依據指定的比較方法,目前的 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件是否等於指定的物件。

IStructuralEquatable.GetHashCode(IEqualityComparer)

使用指定的計算方法,計算目前 Tuple<T1,T2> 物件的雜湊碼。

ITuple.Item[Int32]

取得指定的 Tuple 項目值。

ITuple.Length

取得 Tuple 中的項目數目。

擴充方法

Deconstruct<T1,T2>(Tuple<T1,T2>, T1, T2)

將具有 2 個元素的元組解構為不同的變數。

ToValueTuple<T1,T2>(Tuple<T1,T2>)

Tuple 類別的執行個體轉換為 ValueTuple 結構的執行個體。

適用於

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